SHAKEEL ASLAM (3695)

MIR MURTUZA ALI (3969)

SYEDRAMEEZ YASIR (2262)
SYEDIMRAN ASKARI (0000)
SAJJAD (0000)

Six Sigma
6σ
•WHAT IS SIX SIGMA?
Six sigma is a highly disciplined process that helps us
focus on delivering near perfect product and services.
 KEY CONCEPTS OF SIX SIGMA
 CTQ: Most important attributes to the customer
 Process Capability: What a process can deliver

 Variation: the difference that customer encounter's and

feels
 Defect: Failing to deliver what the customer wants

 Stable Operations: Making sure to achieve consistent,

predictable processes for improvement
 Design for Six Sigma: Designing to meet customer needs
and process capability

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Percentage of defect Process Sigma Defects Per Million
Opportunities
free outputs % σ (DPMO)

99.99966 6 3.4
99.98 5 233
99.4 4 6,210
93.3 3 66,807
69.1 2 308,538
30.9 1 691,462
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 TOOLS OF SIX SIGMA
 There are 02 important tools of six sigma

 01. Critical path management

 02. Failure mode effects and analysis

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ESSENTIALS OF SIX SIGMA
The Six Sigma methodology uses
statistical tools to identify the vital few
factors, the factors that matter most for
improving the quality of processes and
generating bottom-line results. It consists
of five phases:
• Define
• Measure
• Analyze
• Improve
• Control
 SIX SIGMA INFRASTRUCTURE
 An infrastructure ensures that necessary
resources are available when needed. A
solid infrastructure upon which to
implement Six Sigma involves nurturing a
receptive culture and assigning the
appropriate roles and responsibilities.

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 SIX SIGMA INFRASTRUCTURE
• Six Sigma Champion
• Master Black Belts
• Black Belts
• Green Belts
• Financial Analyst

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SIX SIGMA AND OTHER TECHNIQUES
 Six Sigma
• Remove defects, minimize variance
 Lean
• Remove waste, shorten the flow
 TOC
• Remove and manage constraints
 TQM
• Continuous Improvement

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DIFFERENCE BETWEEN SIX SIGMA &
TQM
TQM, total quality management
 Improve everything

 Usually not targeted to a process or business

 Frequently without focus

 No projected performance levels.

Six Sigma
 3.4 defect per million opportunities

 Targeted areas

 Projects have a defined scope by management.

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 ADVANTAGES OF SIX SIGMA
 Customer Satisfaction
  Cycle Time Reduction

 Time Management

 Creates infrastructure of experts

 Improve profitability and reduce cost

 Increase return on sales employment growth

 Decrease variation in process

 Complete prevention of defects

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DISADVANTAGES OF SIX SIGMA
 Time consuming to access quality data
 Makes the process rigid

 Constant requirement of skilled manpower

 Constraints

 Scarcity of reliable consulting firms

 Took time to give significant results (4 to 5 years)

 Ambiguity about an error ( no standard for error)

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