Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Ultrasonic Motor: Submitted By: Guided by
Ultrasonic Motor: Submitted By: Guided by
Ultrasonic Motor: Submitted By: Guided by
4
PIEZOELECTRIC EFFECT
The piezoelectric effect is understood as the linear electromechanical
interaction between the mechanical and the electrical state in crystalline
materials with no inversion symmetry.
• Piezoelectricity generation of voltage in response of Mechanical stress.
• The word is derived from the Greek piezein, which means to Squeeze
or press.
• This effect is also reversible.
• Deformation is only 0.1% of the original dimension.
• Material- quartz (SiO2), barium titanate (BaTiO3), Lead zirconate
titanate
BASIC PRINCIPLE
• Generation of gross mechanical motion through the amplification and repetition of
micro-deformations of active material
• The active material induces an orbital motion of the stator at the rotor contact
points
• Frictional interface between the rotor and stator rectifies the micro-motion to
produce macro-motion of the ROTOR
• Working frequency-20 KHz to 10 MHz
• Amplitude of the actuator motion – 20 to 200nm
6
FUNDAMENTAL CONSTRUCTION OF ULTRASONIC MOTOR
7
THE ULTRASONIC MOTOR CONSTITUTE MAINLY FOUR PARTS
1. ACTUATOR
2. STARTOR
3. ROTOR
4. CASING
10
STANDING WAVE USM
• This type of motors use three groups of Crystals: two of which
are Locking and One Motive.
• First, one group of locking crystals is Activated
• Next, the motive crystal group is triggere
• This is the only stage where motor movement takes place.
• This type of motor commonly known under the names Of
Inchworm, Piezo LEGS or PiezoWalk motors
11
TRAVELING WAVE USM
• Superposition of multiple standing wave create a traveling
wave.
• Representation of travelling wave
U(x,p)= A cos(kx) cos(wt) + A cos(kx – 90)(Cos (wt-90)).
• Phase difference is 90 degree.
• The active material excites a traveling flexural wave within the
Stator.
• Teeth are used to enhance the speed.
• The rectification of the micro-motion an interface is provided .
12
STANDING WAVE USM AND TRAVELLING WAVE USM
Fig –Mechanism of
Fig – Travelling wave ultrasonic motor
Standing wave
ultrasonic motor
13
CHARACTERISTICS OF USM
1. Low speed
2. High torque
3. Large holding torque
4. Super resposibility and controllability
5. Noiseless
6. Absence of magnetic action
7. Compact and lightweight
8. Simple construction
9. Dust free
10. Applicable in vacuum
11.Absence of gear mechanism
14
MERITS DEMERITS
• A large holding force or torque at rest, • High frequency power supply is
without power supply required.[in KHz range]
• A low AC voltage excitation • Durability is very less.
• A large actuating force or torque at low • Expensive.
speed • It is difficult to obtain high
torque from an ultrasonic motor
• A silent, non magnetic behaviour
if it is miniaturized beyond a
• A short time response certain point.
• A very good micro positioning capability
• Ultra small size can be easily
miniaturized
• Dust free
15
APPLICATION
16
CONCLUSION
Hence the ultrasonic motors, which is a new step
In the miniaturized electrical technology has got
Many applications in small appliances because
of
Its high torque at low density.
17
REFERENCES
[1] Shi Jingzhuo, You Dongmei. “Characteristic model of travelling wave ultrasonic motor”.
School of Electrical Engineering. Henan University of Science and Technology. Luoyang
471023, China. 0041-621X-(2013)
[2] Yingxiang Liu, Weishan Chen, Junkao Liu, Shengjun Shi.”A cylindrical standing wave
ultrasonic motor using bending vibration transducer”. State Key Laboratory of Robotics and
System. Harbin Institute of Technology. Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China. 0041-
62MX2010) Elsevier B.V.
[3] Xiang Li, Zhiyuan Yao, Shengli Zhou, Qibao Lv, Zhen Liu. “Dynamic modeling and
characteristics analysis of a modal-independent linear ultrasonic motor” State Key Laboratory
of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and
Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China 0041-624YAX/(2016) Elsevier B.V.
18
Thank You
19
20