Decision Making

Unit 7
AMJAD ALI
03005425492
Decision Making
• According to the Oxford Advanced Learner’s
Dictionary the term decision making means –
the process of deciding about something important,
especially in a group of people or in an organization.
• Trewatha & Newport defines decision making
process as follows:,
“Decision-making involves the selection of a course
of action from among two or more possible
alternatives in order to arrive at a solution for a
given problem”
The Art of Decision-Making
• Decision making is the study of identifying
and choosing alternatives based on the values
and preferences of the decision maker.
• Making a decision implies that there are
alternative choices to be considered, and in
such a case we want not only to identify as
many of these alternatives as possible but to
choose the one that best fits with our goals,
objectives, desires, values, and so on.(Harris
(1980)
The Art of Decision-Making
• Decision is a straight forward mental process

Placement of Decision Making in Management Function

The Complexity of Decision–
Making in Education
1. Decisions which are of routine nature.
2. Decisions which affect several areas.
3. Decision where uncertainty is a factor.
4. Decision where uncertainty is a dominant
factor.
5. Decision about policies and strategies.
• Cultural Context of Decision–Making
• Levels of Decision–Making
• Decision Made by Teachers
• Decision Made by Headmasters
• Decision Made by the Department of Higher
Administrators
• Individual and Group Decisions
• Politicians and Educational Decisions
Decision Making Process
Elements of Decision–Making
• Goals
• Information
• Diagnosis
• Alternatives
• State of Nature
• Methodology
• Values
• Decision - Maker's Personal Philosophy
Steps In Decision–Making
Techniques of Decision-Making
• Judgment Techniques
• Principles of Management
• Behavioral Techniques
• Heuristic Approaches
• Economic and Financial Techniques
Model Approach to Decision -
Making in Educational
Planning and Administration
Thank You