ALLOY 690 BEHAVIOUR IN HIGH

TEMPERATURE HYDROGENATED
WATER
Rocardo Fiipadhlillah Chang (1606822945)
 BASIC PROCESS
Of HCT in metal

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 What the
At first there will be a thin-film growth due
to oxidation of material whether its due to
oxygen or even atmosphere
BASIC PROCESS The film starts to growth horizontally to
difference
connect within each film nucleation thus
OF HCT producing something called passive films
This films then start to grow again 
produce scale (thicker)
with alloy ?
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ALLOY 690

Nickel-based alloys are usually used as structural materials in high temperature pressurized water due to their high
resistance to stress corrosion cracking and corrosion. Alloy 690 has been widely used as stream generator heat 4
transfer tubing material in nuclear power plants as a modification material for Alloy 600.
 H+, OH-

Cr CrO, Cr2O3, CrH2, Cr2H4, etc

  At lower temp and short time, the
O2 reaction occurred at places like
surface and grain boundary (it’s
hard, but somewhat easy to be
depleted) It will breakdown
when become scale
(need more temp and
Ni will become the second (inner)
time)
layer 5
FORMATION OF
INNER LAYER
At the initial oxidation
stage, the Cr-rich oxide
particles nucleate
preferentially at
specific places (such as
grain boundaries and
dislocations) and
scatter underlying the
outer layer.

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With the increase of the immersion time, the Cr-rich oxide particles
spread laterally and the inner layer becomes continuous and more
compact.

The diffusion of metal ions and OH−through the inner layer

becomes more difficult. Only the inner Cr-rich layer can growby the
selective oxidation of Cr, which causes the appearance of a Cr-
depletion zone in the underlying matrix close to the film/metal
interface by the outward diffusion of Cr. At that time, the structure
and composition of the outer layer hardly change with the increase
of immersion time.

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 E VA N S D I AG R A M

Cr could not inhibit the nonselective

oxidation of nickel-based alloys if
the concentration of Cr is lower than
33% of the metal atoms in the inner
oxide layer, because NiO phase was
present to short-circuit the Cr
oxides.
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 TITLE

References :
• S.E. Ziemniak, M. Hanson, Corros. Sci. 45 (2003)
1595–1618
• J. Wang, Jianqiu Wang. H. Ming, Z. Zhang, En-Hou
Han, “Effect of temperature on corrosion behavior
of alloy 690 in high temperature hydrogenated
water”, “Journal of Materials Science & Technology”
Add a Footer Volume 34, Issue 8, August 2018, Pages 1419-1427 9