ACP NC 3 – in summary

Dr. Lynne Rose Oquendo – Jocosol

Learning Facilitator
Basic Competencies
Lead workplace communication
Lead small teams
Develop and practice negotiation skills
Solve problems related to work
activities
Use mathematical concepts and
techniques
Use relevant technologies
Common Competencies
Apply safety measures in farm
operations
Use farm tools and equipment
Perform estimation and
calculations
 Core 1- Prepare land for
agricultural crop production
 
Soil sampling for soil analysis – not too wet,
not too dry, done usually after harvest
Operate tractor (first pass) and harrow (second
pass)
Seed Treatment for corn and rice –
- Corn seeds are mixed with larvin or diafuran, at
least one hour before planting.
- Rice seedlings are treated by dipping their roots at
2% zinc oxide suspension for zinc deficient areas.
Core 2- Implement post-harvest
program
 
Postharvest procedure or operations such as threshing,
shelling, dehusking, drying, cleaning, grading, packing,
storage, handling and transport of produce
Post-harvest tools, machinery and equipment include
threshers, driers, trailers, knives, gloves, weighing
scales, warehouse, etc.
Post harvest treatments -cleaning, application of
fungicides and insecticides, storing/warehousing.
Packaging materials – will depend on type of crop,
requirement of the buyer, cost
 Core 3- Implement plant nutrition
 Soil pH – can be determined thru soil analysis, ph meter
Fertilizers are intended to supply nutrients to the plant
Soil ameliorants are intended to neutralize the acidity of the soil such
as lime
Macro elements – Needed by plants in large amounts (N,P,K)
Nitrogen (symbol N) for leaf development and vivid green color
Phosphorus for (symbol P) for root growth
Potassium (symbol K) for root development and disease resistance
Micro elements - Needed by plants in small amounts (boron, chlorine,
cobalt, copper, iron, manganese, molybdenum, nickel and zinc)
 Samples of Commercial fertilizers - Urea, complete, muriate of potash,
ammonium sulphate, ammonium phosphate
 Core 4- Control Weeds
 
Methods to control weeds
- Use of clean (weed- free seeds) planting materials
- Proper land preparation
- Crop rotation
-Irrigation management: flooding
- Solarization/burning
- Selective grazing
- Mulching
- Cover cropping
- Use of herbicides-last option
Harmful effects of weeds
Serves as alternate host for crop diseases
 Harbours insects pest
Weed seeds/parts may contaminate
grains/seed produce lowering market value
Contains toxic (allergenic
substances)
Core 5- Apply Chemicals
 
Examples of Insect Pest - stem borer, leafhopper,
plant hopper, whorl maggot, green leaf borer, army
worm, cut worm, case worm, leaf folder, leaf
miner, aphids, thrips
Examples of Diseases - blast, tungro, bacterial leaf
streak, sheath blight, brown spot, bacterial leaf
blight, grassy stunt, yellow dwarf, rots, mosaic,
chlorotic streaks, rust, die-back, downy mildew
Core
 
5- Apply Chemicals
Insecticide (insects) –Cymbush, Karate
Fungicide (Fungus)– Armure, Score,
Insect damage -cuts in leaves or crop as a
result of insect feeding. Plant reactions may
include curling, abnormality in size, etc.
Disease damage results to wilting,
yellowing, sudden death
Core 6- Establish agronomic crops
Agronomic crops - cereals (e.g. rice, corn),oilseeds
(e.g. coconut, soybean), fiber (e.g. cotton), grain
legumes (e.g. peanuts, soybeans)
Crop establishment - Use certified seeds and choose a
variety with high yield and market demand which has
been tested in techno demo areas. Follow the local
planting calendar. For rice, the age of seedlings should
be 20-25 days with 1-3 seedlings per hill planted at 20
cm x 20 cm distance.
 Core 7- Undertake agronomic crop
maintenance activities
Water Management - Avoid excessive water or drought stress that could
affect the growth and yield of the crop.
- For RICE, achieve 3-5 cm water depth every irrigation time from early
tillering until 1-2 weeks before crop maturity or harvest. Drain water or
stop irrigation 1-2 weeks before harvest
- For CORN, irrigation should be done right after planting and at the
following days after planting (DAP: 12-15, 25-30, 40-45, 55-60, 70-75)
Thinning- removal of some plants, or parts of plants, to make room for
the growth of others but does not involve the cutting of the whole tree.
Pruning - Selective removal of parts of a plant such as branches, buds,
or roots
Sanitation of tools – Sterilization, dipping of the tools in alcohol, regular
fungicide, or chlorine solution.
Core 8- Undertake agronomic crop
harvesting activities
Crop Harvesting
Depends on the maturity of the crop (days after planting, days after
heading), physical characteristics (hardness, size, color, odor),
moisture content.
 Harvest palay when 80% of the grains are mature. Grains at the tip of
the panicle must be hard and golden yellow, even while grains near
the base of the panicle are less mature. Harvest when 20% of the
grains at the base of panicle are in hard dough stage. Moisture content
should be at 20-25% in wet season and 18-21% in dry season.
 Corn is ready for harvesting when a black layer develops at grains'
point of attachment to cob, kernels are glazed, and the leaves and
husks are dry.
Conduct ocular inspection; maturity tests; moisture content; taste test
 Core 8- Undertake agronomic crop
harvesting activities
Harvesting Tools
Maturity testing tools such as moisture meter and other
tools like harvesting shears, bolo or knives; gloves;
reapers and harvesters; Packaging materials like sacks,
net bags, basket, etc.
Quality of Produce
The produce should not be left exposed to the elements
(e.g. excessive heat or rain) for a long time. Proper
handling and post-harvest operations must be practiced
to avoid damage to the crop.
Core 9- Save, prepare and store
agricultural seed
Seed Testing
Seeds are tested for purity, moisture content, germination,
mixtures of other varieties, disease organisms, etc.
To ensure their health and high quality to improve crop
yields, disease organism before they are stored and sown in
the field to avoid harmful organisms travelling from infected
to non-infected areas within a country or across international
boundaries
Pest Control
Weevil can be prevented by spraying or dipping sacks in
insecticide solution and drying them before filling with seeds.
Core 10- Implement vertebrate pest
control
 
program
Rat Control measures
-Cutting weeds along dikes and canal banks and adjacent waste
areas removes cover which rats need to survive
- Destroy all breeding sites of rodents
- Sustained baiting with acute poisons is also desirable.
Signs of rat infestation – Eaten plants, foot steps in
wet paddy, holes in paddy, trace of rodent waste
Baiting stations- 5-10 spaced 50 meters apart
Common brands of rodenticide - Racumin, Zinc
Phosphide
COC 10- Implement vertebrate pest
control program
 
 Do not use mixing cans or spoons used to
measure pesticides for any other purposes.
 Mix chemicals outside the house.
- Do not inhale the dust and vapors.
- Do not eat, drink, or smoke while handling
chemicals.
- Wash hands thoroughly each time you finish
your work.
 THANK YOU for the friendship
SOAR HIGH, MY DEAR TRAINEES
Lots of GOOD LUCK ON YOUR ASSESSMENT
Keep safe everyone!