3 、 Spring and vibration absorber device

(a) Primary spring suspension (b) Secondary spring suspension

Fig.7 Spring suspension device
 1.wedge ; 2. spiral spring; 3.bolster
Fig.8 Variable friction wedge type friction damper
(a) 60t (b) 50t

Fig.9 The arrangement of springs

、 foundation brake device

1-brake lever, 2-brake shoe, 3-brake head, 4-brake beam, 5-safety crane,
6-roller shaft, 7-rolling sleeve, 8-pull rod, 9-fixed fulcrum, 10-safety chain
Fig.10 Foundation brake device
Fig.11 the action principle of the braking lever
、 Use situation and improvement direction

Fig.11 the diamond displacement of the bogie

6. Types after 8A transformation
1 ） 8G type bogie
Low strength of the 8A bogie side frame, and too many different in the structure
of the side frame braced seat assembly parts for transformation, result in big difficulties
for supporting seat to meet side frames from different factories. The supporting seat has
too complex structure and poor welding reliability. Therefore, on the basis of 8A type
bogie, the new structure side frame of B grade steel material is optimized. The
improvement is as follows:
(1) Add the elastic under-cross support device;
(2) Use the double-actiion elastic side bearing;
(3) Adopt the two-stage stiffness spring;
(4) Install the wear plate for the center plate ;
About 23000 8G-type bogies have been loaded to freight cars. However, due to the
8G type bogie cannot meet the needs of rail transport, its production has been stopped
now.
2 ） K3 type bogie
K3-type bogie is the integral-welded frame bogie. Its axle load is
21t, and the operation speed is 120km/h. It is mainly used for
container flat cars. Its structural characteristics are as follows:
(1) H type integral welded frame
(2) the axle box spring adopts the three stage stiffness.
(3) single side inclined wedge type variable friction damper.
(4) using UIC standard spherical center plate
(5) using the constant contact elastic side bearing.
 3 ） K5 type bogie
Under the strategy of Railway speed-up and heavy load in China Railway,
with the introduction of the United States’ advanced and mature technology,
based on the K4 type bogie, Zhuzhou vehicle factory jointed together with the
American ABC-NACO company to develop K5 type bogie. It is suitable for
70t-load railway wagons, 76t and 80t load gondola car and other 100t special
railway truck.

Fig.12 K5 type
bogie
 K5 type bogie has the main features of the swing bogie as followings:
(1) the structure belongs to cast steel three big type bogie, has the
advantages of simple structure, good wheel load, convenient maintenance
and so on.
(2) the bogie used similar to the bogie frame shaking table tilting
mechanism, the bogie has two transverse stiffness, greatly increasing the
vehicle lateral flexibility, improve the lateral dynamic performance of the
vehicle, reduce the wheel rail wear, improve the running quality of the
vehicle.
(3) to improve the safety of vehicle derailment. The swing bolster
position down, to roll on roll center reduced, vibration control
strengthened, effectively reduce the possibility of derailment and
derailment, especially for high gravity trucks, which greatly improves the
derailment safety.
(4) the bogie has high durability and reliability. The United States and
Canada practice shows that the bogie with long service life, small
maintenance workload, can run 1 million 600 thousand kilometers free
repair.
 4) K6 type bogie
Suitable for all types of railway to standard gauge, weight of 25t and the
highest commercial operating speed of 120km/h speed of heavy truck.

Fig.12 K6 type
bogie
 7. Control type
bogie

1) C63 gondola car for coal transportation

2) Structures are similar as 8A, the parameters are a bit different
3) the main difference is the use of constant friction wedge type
vibration damper
 8. Multi axle truck bogie
 Three-axle freight bogie: 90t load flatcar

Fig.13 H-type-frame three-axle freight bogie

Four-axle freight bogie
•Z10 type four-axle bogie: 210t load flatcar.

•Package-plate 4E-axle bogie: 450 tons (dropped down to 350 tons) of Schnable car.

Fig.15 Package-plate 4E-axle

bogie
Five-axle bogie: 150 tons down hole car

Fig.16 five-axle freight

bogie
 Part III Radial freight bogie
•Stability requirement : appropriately increase axle box position-stiffness
•The curve passing way: box positioning stiffness suitably
•The radial bogie: to solve the contradiction between stability and curve

Fig.17 the curve passing way of the radial freight

bogie
1. Radial bogie:

•The self steering bogie, wheel rail creep force orientation

Fig
.18
•The forced steering bogie

Fig.19
 Part IV Rapid freight car bogie
•The main technical characteristics of the rapid freight car bogie:
The axle box elastic nonlinear suspension, reducing the
unsprung mass
Reduce the bogie lateral stiffness of two
Reducing wear parts in suspension
Adopt integral frame
Constant contact elastic side bearing
Disc foundation brake device
 •Scheme of rapid freight car bogie in China
160km/h rapid freight car bogie in China is shown as Fig. 20,. It includes the
wheel and axle box and axle box suspension device, welding structure, central
suspension device, bolster, constant contact center plate and disc brake system
based on elastic side bearing, etc.

F
ig.20
Part V Introduction of the development of foreign freight car bogies

Y25 type bogie

Cross pull rod type three large bogie

Swing type running bogie

Radial bogie

Foreign fast truck bogie: