Professional Documents
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Hazardous Waste Secure Landfill
Hazardous Waste Secure Landfill
Secure Landfill
Presented by
Novi Kartika Sari
Hazardous Waste Management Hierarchy
Source: http://www.hrdp-idrm.in/live/hrdpmp/hrdpmaster/idrm/content/e5783/e12085/e12087/infoboxContent12095/WasteHazDisposal.ppt
SECURED LANDFILL
regulatory authority
Source: http://www.hrdp-idrm.in/live/hrdpmp/hrdpmaster/idrm/content/e5783/e12085/e12087/infoboxContent12095/WasteHazDisposal.ppt
A FACILITY WHERE
Source: http://www.hrdp-idrm.in/live/hrdpmp/hrdpmaster/idrm/content/e5783/e12085/e12087/infoboxContent12095/WasteHazDisposal.ppt
WHY LANDFILL ?
wastes.
Source: http://www.hrdp-idrm.in/live/hrdpmp/hrdpmaster/idrm/content/e5783/e12085/e12087/infoboxContent12095/WasteHazDisposal.ppt
SECURED LANDFILL FACILITY
• Last Option
• Primarily Containment of contaminants
Source: http://www.hrdp-idrm.in/live/hrdpmp/hrdpmaster/idrm/content/e5783/e12085/e12087/infoboxContent12095/WasteHazDisposal.ppt
TYPES OF LANDFILL
Source: http://www.hrdp-idrm.in/live/hrdpmp/hrdpmaster/idrm/content/e5783/e12085/e12087/infoboxContent12095/WasteHazDisposal.ppt
Containment : Sites are aimed at isolating wastes
considerable time.
Source: http://www.hrdp-idrm.in/live/hrdpmp/hrdpmaster/idrm/content/e5783/e12085/e12087/infoboxContent12095/WasteHazDisposal.ppt
METHODS OF LANDFILL
Co-disposal : Disposal with M.S.W or similar
wastes to take advantage of attenuation
processes occuring in such wastes; Critical
assessment for compatibility
Barrier No: 1
Degradation or fixation of pollutants in the waste prior to
disposal
Barrier No: 2
Suited location of the landfill site with regard to the
geological/ hydro-geological situation of the area
Barrier No: 3
Leachate collection and treatment system
Source: http://www.hrdp-idrm.in/live/hrdpmp/hrdpmaster/idrm/content/e5783/e12085/e12087/infoboxContent12095/WasteHazDisposal.ppt
Barrier No: 4 : Bottom Liner System
Interface between waste body &
subsoil hinders leachate percolation.
Barrier No: 5 Cover Liner System
Avoids penetration of surface and
rain water into waste body avoiding
formation of leachate
Barrier No: 6 Proper operation and maintenance of
SLF
Barrier No: 7 Post Closure measures & Repairability
of barriers
Source: http://www.hrdp-idrm.in/live/hrdpmp/hrdpmaster/idrm/content/e5783/e12085/e12087/infoboxContent12095/WasteHazDisposal.ppt
BASIC COMPONENTS OF LANDFILL
Source: http://www.hrdp-idrm.in/live/hrdpmp/hrdpmaster/idrm/content/e5783/e12085/e12087/infoboxContent12095/WasteHazDisposal.ppt
Source: https://www.slideshare.net/KezarAliShah/design-construction-of-secure-waste-landfill
Source: https://www.slideshare.net/KezarAliShah/design-construction-of-secure-waste-landfill
Source: https://www.slideshare.net/KezarAliShah/design-construction-of-secure-waste-landfill
Source: https://www.slideshare.net/KezarAliShah/design-construction-of-secure-waste-landfill
Source: https://www.slideshare.net/KezarAliShah/design-construction-of-secure-waste-landfill
Source: https://www.slideshare.net/KezarAliShah/design-construction-of-secure-waste-landfill
Source: https://www.slideshare.net/KezarAliShah/design-construction-of-secure-waste-landfill
Source: https://www.slideshare.net/KezarAliShah/design-construction-of-secure-waste-landfill
Source: https://www.slideshare.net/KezarAliShah/design-construction-of-secure-waste-landfill
Source: https://www.slideshare.net/KezarAliShah/design-construction-of-secure-waste-landfill
Source: https://www.slideshare.net/KezarAliShah/design-construction-of-secure-waste-landfill
Source: https://www.slideshare.net/KezarAliShah/design-construction-of-secure-waste-landfill
Source: https://www.slideshare.net/KezarAliShah/design-construction-of-secure-waste-landfill
Source: https://www.slideshare.net/KezarAliShah/design-construction-of-secure-waste-landfill
Source: https://www.slideshare.net/KezarAliShah/design-construction-of-secure-waste-landfill
Source: https://www.slideshare.net/KezarAliShah/design-construction-of-secure-waste-landfill
Source: https://www.slideshare.net/KezarAliShah/design-construction-of-secure-waste-landfill
Landfill
Source: http://www.hrdp-idrm.in/live/hrdpmp/hrdpmaster/idrm/content/e5783/e12085/e12087/infoboxContent12095/WasteHazDisposal.ppt
Why the Liner is required ?
Source: http://www.hrdp-idrm.in/live/hrdpmp/hrdpmaster/idrm/content/e5783/e12085/e12087/infoboxContent12095/WasteHazDisposal.ppt
Which liner systems are
available?
Mineralic
Geo-membrane
Composite (Mineralic + Geo-membrane)
Geo-synthetic Clay/ Bentonite Mats
Bituminous Membrane
Asphalt Concrete Liner
Source: http://www.hrdp-idrm.in/live/hrdpmp/hrdpmaster/idrm/content/e5783/e12085/e12087/infoboxContent12095/WasteHazDisposal.ppt
Source: https://www.slideshare.net/KezarAliShah/design-construction-of-secure-waste-landfill
BOTTOM LINER
• Prevent migration of wastes or ‘by-products’ out of the
landfill into subsoil, ground or surface water
COMPOSITE LINERS
Source: http://www.hrdp-idrm.in/live/hrdpmp/hrdpmaster/idrm/content/e5783/e12085/e12087/infoboxContent12095/WasteHazDisposal.ppt
Single Composite liner system (As per CPCB)
Waste Body
Leachate collection layer
thickness> = 30 cm., k>=10-2 cm/s
HDPE Geomembrane
thickness> = 1.5 mm or more.
Sub soil
Total Thickness
# 45 - 60 cm
Source: http://www.hrdp-idrm.in/live/hrdpmp/hrdpmaster/idrm/content/e5783/e12085/e12087/infoboxContent12095/WasteHazDisposal.ppt
DOUBLE COMPOSITE LINER
Source: http://www.hrdp-idrm.in/live/hrdpmp/hrdpmaster/idrm/content/e5783/e12085/e12087/infoboxContent12095/WasteHazDisposal.ppt
ASPHALTIC CONCRETE LINER
WASTE BODY
3 SEAL LAYERS
2 BASE LAYERS
FOUNDATION LAYER
Source: http://www.hrdp-idrm.in/live/hrdpmp/hrdpmaster/idrm/content/e5783/e12085/e12087/infoboxContent12095/WasteHazDisposal.ppt
USEPA SPECIFICATION FOR BOTTOM
LINERS
Source: http://www.hrdp-idrm.in/live/hrdpmp/hrdpmaster/idrm/content/e5783/e12085/e12087/infoboxContent12095/WasteHazDisposal.ppt
MATERIALS FOR FMLs
Chlorosulfonated Polyethylene
Linear LDPE / Very LDPE
Polypropylene
Ethylene Inter polymer alloy
Neoprene
Poly Vinyl Chloride
Thermoplastic elastomers
HDPE
Source: http://www.hrdp-idrm.in/live/hrdpmp/hrdpmaster/idrm/content/e5783/e12085/e12087/infoboxContent12095/WasteHazDisposal.ppt
Key factors considered for
selection of FML
• Chemical compatability with waste leachate
• Ease of installation
• Water permeation
Source: http://www.hrdp-idrm.in/live/hrdpmp/hrdpmaster/idrm/content/e5783/e12085/e12087/infoboxContent12095/WasteHazDisposal.ppt
CPCB Specification for Geomembrane Liner
Special Physical and Mechanical Requirements:
1. Performance under tensile load
2. Tear Resistance
3. Puncture Resistance
Source: http://www.hrdp-idrm.in/live/hrdpmp/hrdpmaster/idrm/content/e5783/e12085/e12087/infoboxContent12095/WasteHazDisposal.ppt
CPCB Specification for Geomembrane Liner
Source: http://www.hrdp-idrm.in/live/hrdpmp/hrdpmaster/idrm/content/e5783/e12085/e12087/infoboxContent12095/WasteHazDisposal.ppt
CLAY LINER –USEPA SPECIFICATION
Thickness of compacted clay bottom liner = 3 feet
• Soil should have at-least 20% fines i.e. fine silt and clay sized
particles
• Plasticity Index (PI) > 1% (soils with PI higher than 30 to 40% are
sticky and difficult to work within the field)
Source: http://www.hrdp-idrm.in/live/hrdpmp/hrdpmaster/idrm/content/e5783/e12085/e12087/infoboxContent12095/WasteHazDisposal.ppt
Slope 3% Cover Liner
2m
Soil Bund
2m
2:1 HDPE Liner
A A
0.5m
375 m
0.7 m
Gravels
Storm Water Drain
Channel
Section
Source: http://www.hrdp-idrm.in/live/hrdpmp/hrdpmaster/idrm/content/e5783/e12085/e12087/infoboxContent12095/WasteHazDisposal.ppt
USEPA GUIDELINES FOR TOP LINER
Source: http://www.hrdp-idrm.in/live/hrdpmp/hrdpmaster/idrm/content/e5783/e12085/e12087/infoboxContent12095/WasteHazDisposal.ppt
TOP LINER – NPC DESIGN
VEGETATION
2 X 25 CM THK MODERATELY
COMPACTED SOIL
Source: http://www.hrdp-idrm.in/live/hrdpmp/hrdpmaster/idrm/content/e5783/e12085/e12087/infoboxContent12095/WasteHazDisposal.ppt
SIDE LINER – NPC DESIGN
COMPACTED SUBBASE
Source: http://www.hrdp-idrm.in/live/hrdpmp/hrdpmaster/idrm/content/e5783/e12085/e12087/infoboxContent12095/WasteHazDisposal.ppt
LEACHATE COLLECTION & REMOVAL
•Drainage Layer
•Granular (Sand or gravel, no fine, 2-5 cm dia particle, min.30 cm thk, min
K=1 cm/s)
•Synthetic (nets, mats, geo-textiles)
LEACHATE TREATMENT
Source: http://www.hrdp-idrm.in/live/hrdpmp/hrdpmaster/idrm/content/e5783/e12085/e12087/infoboxContent12095/WasteHazDisposal.ppt
SURFACE WATER CONTROL SYSTEMS
RUN-OFF
Collect and control run-off from active and inactive portions
of the landfill from 24 hour – 25 year storm
Collect and contain leachate contaminated storm water that
accumulates in active fill area
Protect integrity and effectiveness of landfill cover system
RUN-ON
Intercept and divert run-on away from active and closed
land fill cells from peak discharge of 25 year storm
Minimise site erosion
Source: http://www.hrdp-idrm.in/live/hrdpmp/hrdpmaster/idrm/content/e5783/e12085/e12087/infoboxContent12095/WasteHazDisposal.ppt
GROUND WATER MONITORING
Designed to detect contaminant leakage shortly after its occurrence
and before significant contamination of ground water
Hydraulically up-gradient and down-gradient wells
Placed around perimeter of fill area within several hundred feet of
SLF
No. of wells- Site specific, depends on Size of SLF, Hydro-geology
Minimum Requirements
1 well in up-gradient (Background)
3 wells in down-gradient
Source: http://www.hrdp-idrm.in/live/hrdpmp/hrdpmaster/idrm/content/e5783/e12085/e12087/infoboxContent12095/WasteHazDisposal.ppt
IDENTIFICATION OF WASTES THAT CAN BE
LANDFILLED
Source: http://www.hrdp-idrm.in/live/hrdpmp/hrdpmaster/idrm/content/e5783/e12085/e12087/infoboxContent12095/WasteHazDisposal.ppt
3.Wastes which could be landfilled after
pre-treatment
e.g., Liquid wastes; heavy metal salts.Pre-
treatment options can include detoxification,
precipitation, solidification as appropriate
4. Wastes that should not be landfilled
e.g., Explosives, Compressed toxic gases,
Liquid PCBs for technical reasons
Source: http://www.hrdp-idrm.in/live/hrdpmp/hrdpmaster/idrm/content/e5783/e12085/e12087/infoboxContent12095/WasteHazDisposal.ppt
CRITERIA FOR DISPOSAL OF H.W IN SLF
Source: http://www.hrdp-idrm.in/live/hrdpmp/hrdpmaster/idrm/content/e5783/e12085/e12087/infoboxContent12095/WasteHazDisposal.ppt
CRITERIA FOR HAZ. WASTE LANDFILLS
Source: http://www.hrdp-idrm.in/live/hrdpmp/hrdpmaster/idrm/content/e5783/e12085/e12087/infoboxContent12095/WasteHazDisposal.ppt
CRITERIA FOR HAZ. WASTE LANDFILLS
LOCATIONAL CRITERIA
SITE SELECTION
SITE INVESTIGATION CRITERIA
PLANNING & DESIGN CRITERIA
WASTE ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA
LANDFILL LINER CRITERIA & COVER CRITERIA
Source: http://www.hrdp-idrm.in/live/hrdpmp/hrdpmaster/idrm/content/e5783/e12085/e12087/infoboxContent12095/WasteHazDisposal.ppt
SPECIFIED DESIGN REQUIREMENTS FOR
LINERS
Source: http://www.hrdp-idrm.in/live/hrdpmp/hrdpmaster/idrm/content/e5783/e12085/e12087/infoboxContent12095/WasteHazDisposal.ppt
Nearest G.W.T. reported in monsoon season
Depth of landfill below ground level
Height of stock pile above ground level
Inner side, bottom – longitudinal & transverse slopes
Provision and layout of roads, storm water drain, green
belt, office, security, lab, weigh bridge, Vehicle washing
area, leachate sumps, etc around the SLF
Source: http://www.hrdp-idrm.in/live/hrdpmp/hrdpmaster/idrm/content/e5783/e12085/e12087/infoboxContent12095/WasteHazDisposal.ppt
BROAD DESIGN BASIS FOR SECURED LANDFILL FACILITY
Source: http://www.hrdp-idrm.in/live/hrdpmp/hrdpmaster/idrm/content/e5783/e12085/e12087/infoboxContent12095/WasteHazDisposal.ppt
Sludge treatment requirements
SITE CRITERIA
Source: http://www.hrdp-idrm.in/live/hrdpmp/hrdpmaster/idrm/content/e5783/e12085/e12087/infoboxContent12095/WasteHazDisposal.ppt
AREA REQUIREMENT FOR SLF
Height of Landfill = 5- 20 m
Source: http://www.hrdp-idrm.in/live/hrdpmp/hrdpmaster/idrm/content/e5783/e12085/e12087/infoboxContent12095/WasteHazDisposal.ppt
QA/QC Plan during construction of SLF
Source: http://www.hrdp-idrm.in/live/hrdpmp/hrdpmaster/idrm/content/e5783/e12085/e12087/infoboxContent12095/WasteHazDisposal.ppt
Why does well designed SLF fail ?
Improper Joints
Source: http://www.hrdp-idrm.in/live/hrdpmp/hrdpmaster/idrm/content/e5783/e12085/e12087/infoboxContent12095/WasteHazDisposal.ppt
Thank you