PANIPAT INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND

TECHNOLOGY

OSI MODEL
SUBMITTED TO :VIKAS DESWAL SIR
SUBMITTED BY :BHARTI
ROLL NO. :200207
 WHAT IS OSI MODEL

The Open System Interconnection model describes seven layers that

computer system use to communicate over a network. It was the first
standard model for network communications , adopted by all major
computers and telecommunications in the early 1980s.
• Introduced in 1983.
• By representatives of computers &telecom companies.
• Adopted by ISO –as an international standard in 1984.
OSI MODEL FROM SERVER ,CLIENT SIDE
OSI MODEL DIAGRAMATIC REPRESENTATION
 OSI MODEL
HUMAN COMPUTER INTERACTION
1. APPLICATION LAYER, WHERE APPLICATIONS CAN
ACCESS THE NETWORK SERVICES
ENSURES DATA IN USABLE FORMAT,IS
2. PRESENTATION WHERE DATA ENCRYPTION OCCURS
MAINTAIN CONNECTIONS AND
3. SESSION RESPONSIBLE FOR CONTROLLING PORTS
AND SESSIONS
TRANMIT DATA USING TRANSMISSION
4. TRANSPORT PROTOCOL INCLUDING TCP AND UDP
DECIDE WHICH PHYSICAL PATH DATA
5. NETWORK WILL TAKE
DEFINES THE FORMAT OF DATA ON
6. DATA LINK NETWORK
TRANSMIT RAW BITS STEAM OVER
7. PHYSICAL PHYSICAL MEDIUM
 7. APPLICATION LAYER

• Used by :End user software such as (web browser and email clients)
• Provide protocols that allow software to send and receive info and
present meaningful data to users.
• Examples: HTTP,FTP .
 6. PRESENTATION LAYER

• Prepare data for Application layer.

• Defines how two devices should Encode ,Encrypt &Compress data so
it is received on other end.
• Presentation layer takes any data transmitted by application layer &
prepares it for transmission over the session layer.
 5. SESSION LAYER

• Creates communication channels called sessions between devices.

• Responsible for opening sessions ensures they remain open and
functional while data being transferred , and closing them when
communication ends .
• Also set checkpoints during a data transfer-if the session is
interrupted ,devices can resume data transfer from last checkpoint.
 4. TRANSPORT LAYER

• Takes data transferred in the session layer and breaks it into segments
on transmitting ends.
• Responsible for reassembling the segments on the receiving ends
,turning it back into data that can be used by session layers .
• It carries out flow control ,sending data at the rate that matches the
connection speed of receiving device and error control ,checking if
data was received incorrectly and if not requesting it again.
 3. NETWORK LAYER

• The network layer has two main functions.

• One is breaking up segments into network packets and reassembling
the packets on receiving ends .
• The other is routing packets by discovering the best paths across a
physical network.
 2. DATA LINK LAYER

• The data link layer establish and terminates a connection between two physically-
connected nodes on a network.
• It breaks up packets into frames and sends from a source to destination.
• This layer is composed of two parts –logical link control , media access control.
• LLC-identify network protocols , perform error checking and synchronizing frames.
• MAC address to connect devices and defines permission to transmit and receives
data.
 1. PHYSICAL LAYER
• Responsible for the physical cable or wireless connection between
network nodes.
• Defines the connector ,electrical cable or wireless technology
connecting the devices ,and responsible for transmission of raw
data ,which is simply a series of 0s to 1s,while taking care of bit rate
control.
REFERENCE/SOURCE:

• IMPERVA BLOG
• RESOURCE LIBRARY
ANY QUERIES ?
THANK-YOU