Islamic Ethical Principles and Contemporary Issues

(Islamic Studies)

Instructor
Dr. Shehla Riaz
FACULTY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES & HUMANITIES
DEPARTMENT OF ISLAMIC STUDIES
An Introduction to Islamic Vision of Life

Department of Islamic Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences and

Humanities, Riphah International University Islamabad, Pakistan
Email : life.living@riphah.edu.pk Contact # +92,320,7863888
 Objectives of the lecture

• To Know the meaningful life.

• To Understand the purpose and way of life.
• To Know the islamic vision of life.
• To Understand unity in life (tawhid) and its impact on life
• To Know a complete way of life in islamic perspective (din, nizam-e-hayat)

LIFE AND LIVING

 What is life?
Where do I come from?
Where will I go after Death?
These fundamental Questions need an answer
Life As A Purposeful
Creation
 What is a meaningful life?

Man is a viceroy, Servant and Trustee

ً َ ۡ َ
)2:30( ؕ ‫ض خلِيفة‬ ‫ر‬ۡ َ ‫اۡل‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ى‬ ‫ف‬ ٌ
‫ل‬ ‫ع‬ ‫ا‬‫ج‬ ‫ى‬
ۡ ِّ ‫ن‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ة‬ َ
‫ك‬ ‫ئ‬ ‫ـ‬ٓ ٰ ‫ك لِ ۡل َم‬
‫ل‬ َ ُّ ‫ب‬ ‫ر‬ ‫ل‬ ‫ا‬َ ‫ق‬ ‫ذ‬ۡ ِ‫َوا‬
ِ ِ ِ َ ِ ِ ِ َ َ
when your Lord said to the angels: “Lo! I am about to place a
vicegerent on earth,

LIFE AND LIVING

 Purpose of life in Islam

Life is highly and significantly purposeful •

َ ‫ت ْال ِج َّن َوااْل ِ ْن‬

)51:56( -‫س اِاَّل لِيَ ْعبُ ُد ْو ِن‬ ُ ‫• َو َما َخلَ ْق‬
.”And I did not create the jinn and mankind except to worship Me“

LIFE AND LIVING

 Purpose of life in Islam
ۙ ۡ ‫هّٰلِل‬
ۡ َ ٰ
)6:162(‫ب العل ِمي َن‬ِّ ‫ى َو َم َماتِ ۡى ِ َر‬ َ ‫قُ ۡل اِ َّن‬
َ ‫صاَل تِ ۡى َونُ ُس ِك ۡى َو َم ۡحيَا‬
Say: 'Surely my Prayer, all my acts of worship,  and my living and
my dying are for Allah alone, the Lord of the whole universe.

LIFE AND LIVING

Purpose of life in Islam

UBUDIYYAH
Allah’s Obedience & Servitude
out of His Love & Reverence
LIFE AND LIVING
 Islam
Submission to
Allah
Ubudiyyah
Muslim
One who
Submits to
Allah

Deen
Total System of
Submission to Allah
 DEEN
Operational Application of
‘UBUDIYYAH
 ‫سالَ ُم‬ ِ ِ ‫ِّين ِعن َد هّللا‬
ْ ‫اإل‬ َ ‫إِنَّ الد‬
“Surely, the Deen in the sight of Allah is Islam.”
(Aal-e-Imran: 19)

‫يت َل ُك ُم اإلِ ْسالَ َم ِد ْی ًنا‬ ُ ‫ت لَ ُك ْم دِي َن ُك ْم َوأَ ْت َم ْم‬

ُ ِ‫ت َع َل ْي ُك ْم ن ِْع َمتِي َو َرض‬ ُ ‫ا ْل َي ْو َم أَ ْك َم ْل‬
“Today I have perfected your religion for you, completed My favor
upon you, and have chosen for you Islam as your system of life”
(Maidah: 3)
Basic Elements of Deen
Sovereignty ‫غلبہو اـقتدار‬
‫ اطاعت اور بندگی‬Obedience and Worship
‫ طریقہ کار‬Procedures
‫ پوچھ گچھ۔ ؛ جزا وسزا ؛ فیصلہ‬Inquiry , Recompenses Decision
‫‪Basic Elements of Deen‬‬
‫اعلی‬
‫ٰ‬ ‫تعالیکے ال محدود اختیا رات اور اس کا اقتدار‬
‫ٰ‬ ‫ہللا‬
‫‪super power‬‬
‫ان ال محدود اختیارات یعنی ہللا کی حاکمیت کے مقابلے میں فرمابرداری اور اطاعت‬
‫‪Obedience and Worship‬‬
‫قایم ہونے واال نظام فکروعمل‬
‫اس حاکمیت کی بنیاد پر ؑ‬
‫‪System of thinking and action‬‬
‫جاےیا سزا جو اس سے سر‬‫ؑ‬ ‫اعلی کی طرف سے اس نظام کی و فاداری و اطاعت پر دی‬‫ٰ‬ ‫جزا جو اقتدار‬
‫جاے‬
‫ؑ‬ ‫کشی و بغاوت کی وجہ سے دی‬
‫‪Recompenses‬‬
 Now We Have Come To Know That,

Religion is a Discipline Which Answers Natural & Rational

Questions Of Human Mind. A Religion Which Provides
Satisfactory and Reasonable Answers will be consider a
True Religion.

Islam Claims that

It has Satisfactory & Reasonable Answers for All Natural
And Rational Questions. Islam is the only Religion which
claims that it is a complete code Of life.
 Sources of knowledge of philosophy & science.

 Five senses
 Intellect
 Intuition
 Source of knowledge of religion is:
 Revelation.
 ُ َ ٌ َ ُ
‫صلهَا ثابِت َّوف ْرعهَا‬ َ َ َ َ ً َ ً َ ‫اًل‬َ ‫هّٰللا‬
ْ ‫ب ُ َمث كلِ َمة طيِّبَة كش َج َر ٍة طيِّبَ ٍة ا‬ َ ‫اَلَ ْم تَ َر َك ْي‬
َ ‫ض َر‬
َ ‫ف‬
24‫فِي ال َّس َم ۗا ِء ؀‬
Do you not see how Allah has given the example of a good word? It is like a
,good tree, whose root is firmly fixed, and whose branches reach the sky
Did you not see how Allah has set forth a parable;
A Goodly Saying as a Goodly Tree,
it’s Root set firm, it’s Branches in the Sky.
Bringing forth it’s Fruit at All Times by the leave of it’s Lord.
And Allah sets forth parables for the people that perchance they may
Reflect
Ibrahim 24
 ِّ ِّ ٰ ٰ َ ُ ْ ُ ْ َ ْ ‫اًل‬ ْ ْ ‫هّٰللا‬
‫لَقَ ْد َم َّن ُ َعلي ال ُمؤ ِمنِ ْي َن اِذ بَ َعث فِ ْي ِھ ْم َرس ُْو ِّمن انف ِس ِھ ْم يَتل ْوا َعل ْي ِھ ْم ايتِ ٖھ َويُ َزـك ْي ِھ ْم َويُ َعل ُمھُ ُم‬
َ ْ َ
-‫ض ٰل ٍل ُّمبِ ْي ٍن‬
َ ‫ب َو ْال ِح ْك َمةَ ۚ َواِ ْن َكانُ ْوا ِم ْن قَ ْب ُل لَفِ ْي‬
َ ‫ْال ِك ٰت‬
Certainly, did Allah confer [ great ] favor upon the believers when He
sent among them a Messenger from themselves, reciting to them His
verses and purifying them and teaching them the Book and wisdom,
.although they had been before in manifest error
Indeed Allah did confer a great favor upon the believers
when He sent among them a messenger from among themselves,
Reciting to them the Revelations of Allah, And Purifying them, And Teaching them the
Scripture and Wisdom,
Although before that they were in manifest error
Aali ‘Imran 164
 ‫ضرب هللا مثالً كلمة طيبة كشجرة طيبة أصلها تابت و فرعها في السماء تؤتي أكلها كل حين بإذن ربها و يضرب هللا األمثال للناس لعلمهم يتفكرؤن‬
Did you not see how Allah has set forth a parable; A goodly saying as a goodly tree, it’s root set firm, it’s branches in the sky.
Bringing forth it’s fruit at all times by the leave of it’s Lord. And Allah sets forth parables for the people that perchance they may reflect. Ibrahim 24

‫لقد من هللا على المؤمنين إذ بعث فيهم رسوالً من إنفسهم يتلو عليهم آياته ويزكيهم و يعلمهم الكتاب و الحكمة و إن كانوا من قبل لفي ضالل مبين‬ Indeed Allah did confer a
great favor upon the believers when He sent among them a messenger from among themselves, reciting to them the Revelations of Allah, and purifying them, and
teaching them the Scripture and Wisdom, although before that they were in manifest error. Aali ‘Imran 164
Unity in Life (tawhid) and its impact

Muslim is required to submit himself completely to the will of Allah in

all his affairs.
َ ً‫صالِ ًحـا ِّم ۡن َذ َك ٍر اَ ۡواُ ۡن ٰثى َوهُ َو ُم ۡؤ ِم ٌن فَلَـنُ ۡحيِيَنَّ ٗه َح ٰيوة‬
‫طيِّبَة​ً ۚ َولَـنَ ۡج ِزيَـنَّهُمۡ اَ ۡج َرهُمۡ بِا َ ۡح َس ِن‬ َ ‫َم ۡن َع ِم َل‬
)16:97( ‫َما َكانُ ۡوا يَ ۡع َملُ ۡو َن‬
Whosoever acts righteously - whether a man or a woman - and
embraces belief, We will surely grant him a good life; and will surely
grant such persons their reward according to the best of their deeds.

LIFE AND LIVING

Islam
Complete Code
Of Life
Islam is an all-embracing way of life. It
extends over the entire
spectrum of Life, showing us how to conduct
all human activities
in a sound a wholesome Manner. It does not
allow a hierarchy
of Priests or intermediaries between Allah
And human beings,
no farfetched abstractions and no
complicated rites and Rituals.
 NO SEPARATION BETWEEN RELIGION AND LIFE

Islam does not recognize any kind of separation between religion and
life.
for everything should be dedicated to Allah alone and a Muslim is
required To submit himself completely to the will of Allah in
all his affairs.
“Say: ‘truly my prayer, my sacrifice my living and my dying are for
Allah, the lord of the Worlds. No partner has He: this am I
commanded, and I am the first of those who submit
To his will”(Quran6:162)
‫الس ْل ِم َكآ َّف ًة‬
ِّ ‫ْاد ُخلُو ْا فِي‬
“Enter into Islam entirely”
(Al-Baqarah: 208)
Islam: A Complete way of Life

)2:38( ‫ف َعلَ ۡي ِهمۡ َواَل هُمۡ يَ ۡح َزنُ ۡو َن‬ ٌ ‫ى فَاَل َخ ۡو‬ َ ‫فَاِ َّما يَ ۡاتِيَنَّ ُكمۡ ِّمنِّ ۡىهُ ًدى فَ َم ۡنتَبِ َع هُ َدا‬
and guidance shall come to you from Me: then, whoever will follow My
guidance need have no fear, nor shall they grieve.
)2:39( ‫ار هُمۡ ِف ۡيهَا ٰخلِ ُد ۡو َن‬‌ِ ۚ َّ‫ص ٰحبُ الن‬ ۡ َ‫ك ا‬َ ِ‫ولٓ ِٕٕٮـ‬
ٰ ُ‫َوالَّ ِذ ۡي َن َكفَر ُۡوا َو َك َّذب ُۡوا بِ ٰـا ٰيتِنَٓا ا‬
But those who refuse to accept this (guidance) and reject Our Signs as
false are destined for the Fire where they shall abide for ever
)3:96( ‫َّوهُ ًدى لِّ ۡل ٰعلَ ِم ۡين‬
And guidance for the whole world
LIFE AND LIVING
Islam: A Complete way of Life

ِۚ َ‫ت ِّم َن ۡاله ُٰدى َو ۡالفُ ۡرق‬

)2:185(‫ان‬ ٍ ‫اس َو بَيِّ ٰن‬
ِ َّ ‫ن‬‫ل‬ِّ ‫ل‬ ‫ى‬ ً
‫د‬ ُ ‫ه‬ ُ
‫ن‬ ٰ
‫ا‬ ۡ
‫ر‬ ُ ‫ق‬ ۡ ‫ى اُ ۡنز َل ِف ۡي ِه‬
‫ال‬ ِ ٓ ۡ ‫ان الَّ ِذ‬
َ ‫ض‬َ ‫َش ۡه ُر َر َم‬
During the month of Ramadan the Qur'an was sent down as a guidance
to the people with Clear Signs of the true guidance and as the
Criterion (between right and wrong)

LIFE AND LIVING

 Islam A complete Way of Life

• Wisdom •Dealings

Collective Matter
Personal Matt

• Beliefs • Family

• Education • Social Affairs

• Spirituality • Economic
ers

s
• Human Rights
• • Politics
 Islam A complete Way of Life

Shahada Prayer Charity Fasting Hajj

Spiritual Power
Resource
Economic PowerPiety Unity

Human Welfare

Moral Welfare Output

Spiritual Welfare System Welfare
 Summary
Islamic concept of life is natural, realistic and highly purposeful as man is viceroy of
Allah Almighty. This position demands that he should be obedient to God. It
establishes a true relationship between man and this world. According to the Islamic
concept of life, the world is not a thing to be hated and abandoned, nor a thing to fall
in love with, so as to be lost in its luxuries. Islam provides all means and powers
necessary for living progressing step by step.
 ‫وصل ا‚للهم وسلم وبارك على عبدك ورسولك سيدنا محمد‬
‫وعلى آله واصحابه اجمعین و الحمد هلل رب العالمین‬
‫‪JAZAKUM ALLAH KHAYRAN‬‬
‫جزاكم هللا خيرا‬
‫‪ALLAH MAY INCREASE OUR KNOWLEDGE‬‬
‫)‪(Aameen‬‬
‫ستَ ْغفِ ُر َك َوأَتُ ُ‬
‫وب إِلَ ْي َك‬ ‫ش َه ُد أَنْ ال إِلَهَ إِال أَ ْن َت ‪ ،‬أَ ْ‬
‫س ْب َحانَ َك اللَّ ُه َّم َوبِ َح ْم ِد َك ‪ ،‬أَ ْ‬
‫ُ‬
‫‪LIFE AND LIVING‬‬