UNITED COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & RESEARCH 

     NAINI, PRAYAGRAJ (U.P.)-211010

 Bachelor of Technology
In
        Department of Computer Science & Engineering

A presentation on                                                                          

   MACHINE LEARNING  
                                                                                             Name : Supriya Mishra
                                                                                    Roll-No. : 1801010159
                                                                                    Branch : Computer Science
                      TRAINING DETAILS

         MACHINE LEARNING

                             Duration: 6 weeks
                               Date: 15th june-27th july,2020
                               From: Internshala
                               Mode: Online  
                                          
HISTORY OF MACHINE LEARNING
 In 1950, Alan Turing created the world-famous Turing Test to
determine “Can machine thinks like human?”.
 In 1952, Arthur Samuel wrote the first computer learning
program .The program was the game of checkers.
 In 1957, Frank Rosenblatt designed the first artificial neural
network called perceptron.
 In 1979,students at Stanford University invent the "Stanford Cart"
which can navigate obstacles in a room on its own.
 In 1985, Terry Sejnowski invented “NET talk” which 
learns to pronounce words the same way as a baby does.
 INTRODUCTION

 Machine learning (ML) is the study in which " it gives computers the ability
to learn without being explicitly programmed ".   - Arthur Samuel [1]

 Machine learning is a part of larger domain ,which is artificial intelligence.

 Machine learning is a field that makes prediction using algorithms. It helps

to make the machines learn from the data given to them.

 The primary aim of machine learning is to develop method that can

automatically detect patterns in data ,and then by  using  that  pattern predict
future data.
  TYPES OF MACHINE LEARNING

Machine Learning

Supervised Unsupervised Reinforcement

Learning Learning Learning

Classification Regression Clustering Association

SOME TERMINOLOGY OF MACHINE LEARNING

Model : Model is the system which makes predictions

Feature :A feature is a measurable property or parameter of the data-set
Training :Algorithm takes a set of data known as “training data” as input
Prediction :Once the machine learning model is ready ,it can fed with input
data to provide predicted output
Target : The value that the machine learning model has to predict is called
target or label
      SUPERVISED LEARNING
 In this, we use labeled data or input data. The input data goes through the machine learning
algorithm and is used to train the model
 Once the model is trained it can predict the future outputs
 It required the help of previous data
 Algorithm of Supervised Learning: Linear Regression, Decision Tree, Random Forest, KNN, Logistic
Regression etc.
  Example: Identifying  the picture of dog & cat

Fig: Image[2]
 TYPES OF SUPERVISED LEARNING
CLASSIFICATION :
Ø It is a kind of learning where the output variable is a category, such as "red"
or "blue" and "disease" or "no disease"
Ø Application of classification are Email spam classification, Facial key point
detection, Biometric identification etc.
REGRESSION :
Ø It is a kind of learning where the output variable is a real or continuous value, , such
as "salary" or "weight"
Ø Application of regression are Market forecasting, Salary forecasting, Score prediction

Example: Predicting
Team Classification Win or lose
Team Regression Winning chance
               UNSUPERVISED LEARNING

  In unsupervised learning there is no labelled data. The input data goes through
the machine learning algorithm and is used to train the model
 The trained model tries to search for pattern and give the output
 Unsupervised learning needs no previous data as input
 Algorithm of unsupervised learning are K-Means etc.
      Example: Given an image of dog and cat identify it

Fig : Image[2]
TYPES OF UNSUPERVISED LEARNING

CLUSTERING :
 Clustering allocates objects in such a ways that objects in the same group are more
similar to each other than to those in others group
 Application of clustering in different fields are Marketing, Biology, Libraires,
Insurance
Example: Detecting skin disease
Association :
 Association is a method for finding the relationship between variables in the large
databases
 Application of association are Market basket analysis, Medical diagnosis, Protein
sequence
Example: If a customer buys bread, he is more likely of buying milk
 REINFORCEMENT LEARNING

 Three major components make up reinforcement learning:-   The agent, the

environment, and the actions
 In Reinforcement learning  where an intelligent agent interact
with environment and learn to act within it
 In this agent learns automatically using feedbacks without any labelled data
 It is reward based algorithm
 It used in self-driving car, robots training
 APPLICATION OF MACHINE LEARNING
Machine learning is actively being used in our day-to-day life and its application is rapidly
increasing day by day. There is some popular application given in figure.

Fig - Application of machine learning[3]

WORKING OF MACHINE LEARNING

    First we provide data to the system

   The system goes through the entire data and analyzes it to find patterns based     
       on sizes, shapes, colors etc.

   Now after figuring out patterns, the system takes decisions and starts
        separating items

   Once the work is done, the system learns from the result [3]
 
IMPORTANCE OF MACHINE LEARNING

 They can detect anomalies and defects in the data

 Ability to provide solution to complex problem
 Helps in automating and create models for data analysis
 It has wide applications in many areas
ADVANTAGE OF MACHINE LEARNING

 Easy identifies trends and patterns

 No Human Intervention Needed(Automation)
 Continuous Improvement
 Wide Applications
DISADVANTAGE OF MACHINE LEARNING

 Data Acquisition
 Time and Resources
 Interpretation of Results
 High Error Susceptibility
                         CONCLUSION

 Iwould like to conclude machine learning has applications in

nearly every other field of study and is already being implemented
commercially because machine learning can solve problems which is
difficult or time consuming for humans to solve. Purpose of Machine
learning focuses on making predictions using computers and past
experience.
 REFERENCES

[1]V. Advani, "What is Machine Learning? How Machine Learning Works and future
of it?", greatlearning blog. 2020 [Online]. Available:
https://www.mygreatlearning.com/blog/what-is-machine-learning/
[2]G. Vaseekaran, Machine Learning: Supervised Learning vs Unsupervised
Learning. 2018 [Online]. Available: https://medium.com/@gowthamy/machine-
learning-supervised-learning-vs-unsupervised-learning-f1658e12a780
[3]N. Jain, "Machine Learning-How it Works, Types, Applications, Advantages",
electricalfundablog.com. 2020 [Online]. Available:
https://electricalfundablog.com/machine-learning/. [Accessed: 10- Dec- 2020]
THANK YOU
Any Query?