1.

Globalization and its Effect

2. Policing Concepts
3. Transnational Crimes
4. Interpol
5. United Nations
6. Participation of PNP in UN
7. Police around the World
The process of outlining the similarities
and differences of one police system to
another in order to discover insights in
the field of international policing.
A.Comparative criminology
B.Comparative criminal Justice
C.Comparative police system
D.Any of the above
 Comparative Police System
It is the science and art of investigating
and comparing the police system of
nations. It covers the study of police
organizations, trainings and methods of
policing of various nations. (V. Delos
Santos)
• Process of outlining the similarities and
differences of one police system to
another in order to discover insights in
the field of international policing. (RKM)
 A package of transnational flows of
people, production, investment,
information, ideas and authority.

a.Terrorism
b.Globalization
c.Migration
d.Transnational Crime
 Globalization
It is a process of interaction and integration
among the people, companies, and governments of
different nations, a process driven by international
trade and investment and aided by information
technology. This process has effects on the
environment, on culture, on political systems, on
economic development and prosperity, and on
human physical well-being in societies around the
world.
A package of translational flow of people,
production, investment, information, ideas, and
authority. (M. Garcia)
 Basic Facts About the Continents
Continent Land Area (square km)
Asia 43,820,000
Europe 10,180,000
Africa 30,370,000
North America 24,490,000
South America 17,840,000
Australia 9,008,500
Antarctica 13,720,000
 Effects of Globalization to Law Enforcement
(V. Delos Santos)
1. The facilitation of transnational crimes and criminals can be
easily achieved.
2. There is a need for transnational policing. The cooperation
among police organizations in the world is vital.
3. Training instructions for incoming law enforcement officers
must include advance computer to prepare them as cyber
cops so they can be better prepared to deal with cyber
crimes.
4. Development of new strategies to deal with international
organized crimes is a must.
5. Provisions of law enforcement with updated legislations
related to modernization theories of crime.
This refers to offenses whose inception,
prevention, and/or direct or indirect
effects involve more than one country.

A.International offenses
B.Organized Crime
C.Transnational crimes
D.Terrorism
 Transnational Crime
 A working definition of transnational crime

Crime that impacts on more than one

jurisdiction. ei one country to another

 Adapted from the United Nations Convention

on Transnational Organised Crime
 Transnational Crime
 Crossing of borders by people
 Criminals, fugitives, victims
 By things
 Arms, drugs, money
 By criminal will
 Computer, fraud, KFR
 With international recognition of the crime
 Conventions, treaties, MLAT, laws
 Transnational Crime
 ‘Organized criminal groups that have a home
base in one state, but cooperate in one or more
host states where there are favorable market
opportunities’.
 Transnational Crime
 Well known types:
 drugs, economic, people smuggling, money laundering,
environmental
 What about:
 people trafficking, sea piracy, arms trafficking, precursor
chemicals
 terrorism and the crimes that underpin or facilitate terrorism
 Crossing of borders by:
 people - criminals, fugitives and victims
 things - commodities
 intent - traffic, defraud, circumvent etc
 Philippine Experience
• Human Trafficking and Smuggling
• Money Laundering
• Small Arms and Light Weapons
• Terrorism
• Drug Trafficking
• Sexual Slavery
• Cyber Crime
• Human Trafficking involves the
recruitment, transport, harboring, or sale of
persons, within or across national borders,
for the purpose of exploiting their labor.

• Trafficked persons are also victims of

organ removal and sale.
 O R
F E!!
A L
S
• Human trafficking is the acquisition
of people by improper means such as
force, fraud or deception, with the aim
of exploiting them.
• Smuggling migrants involves the
procurement for financial or other
material benefit of illegal entry of a
person into a State of which that
person is not a national or resident.
Human Trafficking and Human Smuggling
• Human Trafficking
Usually involves coercion
Characterized by subsequent exploitation
after the illegal entry of a person into a foreign
country.
Considered a human rights issue

• Human Smuggling
Usually does not involve coercion
Characterized by facilitating, for an illegal
entry of a person into a foreign country
Considered a migration concern
PHILIPPINE DOMESTIC LAWS
• Republic Act No. 9208-“Anti-trafficking in
Persons Act of 2003”.
• Republic Act No. 7610-“Special Protection of
Children Against Abuse, Exploitation and
Discrimination Act”.
• Republic Act No. 8042-“Migrant Workers and
Overseas Filipino Act”
• Republic Act No. 6955-“An Act to Declare
Unlawful the Practice of Matching Filipino
Women for Marriage to Foreign Nationals on a
Mail-Order Basis and Other similar Practices…
• Republic Act No. 8239- “Philippine Passport Act
of 1996”
 EUROPE

ASIA

AFRICA

AUSTRALIA
• The most common destination for victims
of human trafficking are Thailand, Japan,
Israel, Belgium, Netherlands, Germany,
Italy, turkey and the US according to the
report by the UNODC, United Nations
Office on Drugs and Crime.
 
• The major sources of trafficked persons
include Thailand, China, Nigeria, Albania,
Bulgaria, Belarus, Moldovo, and Ukraine.
CAUSES OF HUMAN TRAFFICKING
• Poverty
• Uneven economic development
• Family orientation & values
• Weak enforcement of laws
• Corruption
• Immediate benefits of working abroad
 ILLEGAL RECRUITMENT
R.A. 8042
Illegal Recruitment shall mean any act
of canvassing, enlisting, contracting,
transporting, utilizing, hiring or procuring of
workers which includes referring, contract
services, promising or advertising for
employment abroad, whether for profit or
not, when undertaken by a non-license or
non-holder of authority
Modus Operandi of Illegal
Recruiters
• Tourist Worker Scheme – workers leave the
country as tourists but are actually leaving for
employment abroad.
• Escort Services – workers are “escorted” at
the airports and seaports and allowed to
leave even without the required travel
documents
• Blind Ads – advertisements for overseas
employment published in the dailies do not
indicate the name of the recruiter but
provides a P.O. Box to which applications
may be submitted.
 
• By Correspondence – applicants are
encouraged to submit their requirements
through mail together with seemingly minimal
fee.
• Backdoor Exit – workers leave through the
southern ports of exit where immigration
control is lax. They usually leave on cargo
ships or on boats.
• Assumed identity – workers leave under
another name either using the name of
another worker or through the “baklas
system” or obtaining passports through fake
birth certificates and other documents. Minors
are usually deployed through this scheme.
 
• Trainee-Worker Scheme – workers are
recruited and deployed as trainees on a
training agreement. More often, HRM students
leaving in the guise of a traineeship program
for hotels abroad but eventually landing jobs in
hotels/restaurants abroad.
 
• Visa Assistance or Immigration
Consultancy Scheme – entities operating
under the guise of consultancy or offering
services for visa facilitation are actually
engaged in recruitment by offering
placement abroad on immigrant visa.
Some of them also operate through the
conduct of orientation seminars, which are
actually recruiting activities.
 
• Camouflaged participants/representatives
in seminars/sports events – workers leave
as participants in seminars or sports events
abroad but actually intend to work there.
 
• Mail Order Bride Scheme – marriage is
arranged by brokers between Filipino women
and foreigners. The Filipino wife ends up
being a domestic helper to her husband and
his family or in worst situations abroad.
• Tie-Up or Kabit System – unlicensed
recruiters tie-up with licensed agencies
and recruit workers through the facilities of
the latter. Workers are either deployed
under the job order of the licensed agency
but actually work for another employer
abroad or the foreign principal of the
unlicensed recruiter is registered or
accredited under the licensed agency’s
name.
 ADOPTION METHOD
• Adoption of Children to smuggle out of the
country;
• Foreigners will pretend to adopt them; but
the reality, they will be sold to:
-labor markets
-Prostitution dens
 FAMILY TOURS
• Organized by unscrupulous travel agency
to have one “bogus family”;
• Somebody will pretend as parents; and
Children will use tampered documents to
complete the bogus family.
ROUTES OF HUMAN TRAFFICKING

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BACKDOOR EXIT

MANILA – PALAWAN – KUDAT, MALAYSIA

BACKDOOR EXIT

MANILA – PALAWAN – CAGAYAN DE ORO –

TAWI-TAWI – SANDAKAN – KOTA KINABALU
 UN DEFINITION
• conversion or transfer of property knowing that such
property is derived from a criminal offense, for the
purpose of concealing or disguising the illicit origin
or the property, or assisting any person who is
involved in the commission of such offense, or
offenses, to evade legal consequences of his
action;
This law is otherwise known as the anti
money laundering act of the Philippines
A.R.A. 9165
B.R.A. 9160
C.R.A. 9344
D.R.A. 9610
 Philippine Definition (AMLA Section 4)
(R.A. 9160)

Money Laundering
• is a crime whereby the proceeds of unlawful
activity are transacted, thereby making them
appear to have originated from legitimate
sources
• Money laundering suggests a cycle of
transactions in which the illegitimate
dirty money comes out clean after
being processed into a legitimate legal
source.(Fairchild, 2001)

• The monetary proceeds of criminal

activity are converted into funds with
an apparent legal source. (Manzel,
1996)
“The process of converting cash, or
other property, which is derived from
criminal activity, so as to give it the
appearance of having been obtained
from a legitimate source.”
• “TURNING OF DIRTY
MONEY INTO CLEAN
MONEY”
 PLACEMENT
• Process of moving money from the
location of the criminal activity
• Getting currency into the bank, around
the reporting system, at home or
abroad.
• “Smurfing”
 LAYERING

- Involves the frequent series of money

transfers and transactions used to “cover
the tracks” of the illegal funds.
- “Heavy soaping”
- The use of the electronic methods is the
most cost effective layering
 INTEGRATION
• When the money is returned to the regular
economy through purchase of investment.

• The launderer then makes the proceeds

available to the criminals in an apparently
legitimate form.

• “spin dry”
 LOAN SHARKING

It refers to the lending of

money at excessively high
rates of interest.
 LOAN SHARKING EMBRACES
TWO CENTRAL FEATURES

• The assessment of exorbitant interest

rates in extending credit and;

• The use of threats and violence in

collecting debts.
SMALL ARMS
ARMS AND LIGHT
WEAPONS
WEAPONS
ARMS
ARMS SMUGGLING
SMUGGLING
• “Firearms - includes rifles, muskets,
carbines, shotguns, revolvers, pistols
and all other deadly weapons from
which a bullet, ball, shot, shall or other
missile maybe discharged by means of
gun powder or other explosives. The
barrel of firearms shall be considered
complete firearms.” --- PD 1866:
• Illegal Arms Trafficking or Gunrunning
involves the act of smuggling
contraband weapons and ammunitions.
• “FIREARMS - Any barreled weapon that
will or is designed or may be readily
converted to expel a bullet or projectile
by the action of an explosive.” ….UN
Firearms Protocol
the BEST colt .45 1911 animation collection ( with labeled parts ).avi
The unlawful use of force or violence against
persons or property to intimidate or coerce a
government, civilian population, or any
segment thereof, in furtherance of political or
social objectives.
A. Terrorism
B. Terrorist
C. Terror
D. Bombing
 TERRORISM

WORLD TRADE CENTER PENTAGON

TERRORISM
The systematic use of terror, especially
as a means of coercion. It refers only to
those acts which are:
1. Intended to create fear
2. Are perpetrated for ideological goal
3. Deliberately target non-combatants
• Malaysia
Terrorism does not include
people’s struggle against foreign
occupation, aggression, colonialism,
and hegemony aimed at liberation and
self-determination in accordance with
the principles of international law.”
 R.A. 9372
The Human Security Act of 2007
Sec 3. Any person who commits an act punishable
under any of the following provisions of the
revised penal code
1. Art 122(Piracy and Mutiny)
2. Art 134 (Rebellion and Insurrection)
3. Art 134-a (Coup d etat)
4. Art 248 (Murder)
5. Art 267 (Kidnapping and serious illegal
detention)
6. Art 324 (Crimes Involving Destruction)
Or under
1. PD 1613 (The Law on Arson)
2. R.A. 6969 (Toxic Substance Control Act)
3. R.A. 5207 (Atomic Energy Regulatory
Act)
4. R.A. 6235 (Anti – Hijacking Law)
5. PD 532 ( Anti Piracy and Highway
Robbery)
6. PD1866 (Illegal Possession of Fire Arms)
• Thereby sowing and creating a condition
of widespread and extraordinary fear and
panic among populace, in order to coerce
the government to give in to an unlawful
demand shall be guilty of the crime of
terrorism and shall suffer the penalty of 40
years of imprisonment without the benefit
of parole as provided for under Act 4103,
otherwise known as the indeterminate
sentence law, as ammended
CATEGORIES OF TERRORIST
GROUPS
A terrorist group’s choice of targets and tactics is
also a function of government affiliation. They are
categorized by government affiliation. This helps
security planners for terrorist targets, and is
sophisticated intelligence and weaponry. Terrorist
groups are divided into three categories:
a. Non-state supporter – A terrorist group that
operates autonomously, receiving no support from any
government.
b. State supported – A terrorist group that operates
alone but receives support from one or more
governments.
c. State directed – A terrorist group that operates as
a great government, receiving substantial intelligence
logistic operational support
 Drug Trafficking
The illegal drug trade or drug trafficking
is a global black market consisting of the
cultivation, manufacture, distribution and
sale of illegal drugs.
The illegal drug trade or drug
trafficking is a global black
market consisting of the
cultivation, manufacture,
distribution and sale of
illegal drugs.
 Sexual Slavery
It refers to the organized coercion of
unwilling people into various different
sexual practices. It encompasses most if
not all forms of forced prostitution.
 PROSTITUTION
• The act or practice of
providing sexual
services to another
person in return for
payment.
• People who execute
such activities are
called prostitutes.
• Prostitution is one of the branches of the
sex industry. The legal status of
prostitution varies from country to
country, from being a punishable crime
to a regulated profession.

• described as the “world's oldest

profession”
 Cyber Crimes
• Various types of offending behavior directed against
computer systems, networks or data.
• Crimes committed with the use of information technology
where computer, network, internet is the target where the
internet is the place of activity.
• Punishable by RA 8792 otherwise known as the
Electronic Commerce Act
Spreading virus to destroy the computer
of others is under what category of
cybercrime?

A.Computer as a weapon
B.Computer as target
C.Computer as an accessory
D.Computer as a concealment

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These are series of numbers assigned by an
Internet Service Provider to an Internet
user when it connects to the internet. It is
considered as the anchor of investigation
of all internet crimes.

A.Internet identity number

B.Internet protocol address
C.Internet precision address
D.Internet password identification number
12/06/21 10:24 79
 THE DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE CATEGORIZES
COMPUTER CRIME IN THREE WAYS:

• The computer as a target - attacking the

computers of others (spreading viruses is an
example).
• The computer as a weapon - using a
computer to commit "traditional crime" that
we see in the physical world (such as fraud
or illegal gambling).
• The computer as an accessory - using a
computer as a "fancy filing cabinet" to store
illegal or stolen information.
 What law is otherwise known as the
Cybercrime Prevention Act of 2012?

a.RA 10022
b.RA 10028
c.RA 10158
d.RA 10175
• RA 10022- AN ACT AMENDING RA 8042
9MIGRANT WORKERS AND OVERSEAS
FILIPINO ACT)
• RA 10028- EXPANDED BREASTFEEDING
PROMOTION ACT OF 2009 AMENDING RA
7600
• RA 10158- AN ACT DECRIMINALIZING
VAGRANCY AMENDING ACT 3815
• RA 10175- CYBERCRIME PREVENTION
ACT OF 2012
 Computer as a Weapon
Hacking / Cracking – refers to unauthorized access into or
interference in a computer system/server or information and
communication system.
Virus – a small file that attaches to emails or downloads
and infects computers.
Denial-of-Service (DoS) - illegal act to bring a particular
system down or to malfunction a system.
Web defacement - a form of malicious hacking in which a
Web site is “vandalized.”
For the technically inclined, to hack means to
write a program code; or to modify a program,
often in an unauthorized manner, by changing
the code itself. A hacker, thus, is a computer
enthusiast, or a person who enjoys learning
programming languages and computer systems
and can often be considered an expert on the
subject(s).
• Malicious Email Sending – The act of
Sending malicious and defamatory
electronic mails.
• Internet Pornography – The trafficking,
distribution, posting, and dissemination of
obscene material including children’s nude
pictures, indecent exposure, and child sex
slavery posted into the internet, live
streaming videos aired through internet
under a certain fee.
• Online Auction Fraud
 Technical Terms

ISP – Internet Service Provider

IP Address – Series of numbers assigned
by an Internet Service Provider To an
Internet user when it connects to the
internet. It is considered as the anchor of
investigation of all internet crimes.
 HISTORY
1914 - First International Criminal Police Congress held
in Monaco. Police officers, lawyers and magistrates
from 14 countries meet to discuss arrest procedures,
identification techniques, centralized international
criminal records and extradition proceedings.
1923 - Creation of the International Criminal Police
Commission (ICPC) with headquarters in Vienna,
Austria, on the initiative of Dr Johannes Schober,
president of the Vienna Police.
- Wanted persons notices first published in
INTERPOL’s International Public Safety Journal.
1926 - The General Assembly, held in Berlin, proposes
that each country establish a central point of contact
within its police structure: the forerunner of the National
Central Bureau (NCB).

1932 - Following the death of Dr Schober, new statutes

put in place creating the post of Secretary General. The
first was Austrian Police Commissioner Oskar Dressler

1938 - The Nazis assume control after deposing of

President Michael Skubl. Most countries stop
participating and ICPC effectively ceases to exist as an
international organization.
1942 - ICPC falls completely under German control and
is relocated to Berlin.
1946 - Belgium leads the rebuilding of the organization
after the end of World War II. A new headquarters set up
in Paris, and ‘INTERPOL’ chosen as the organization’s
telegraphic address. Democratic process to elect the
President and Executive Committee instituted.
- Present INTERPOL color-coded notice system
initiated and first Red Notices for persons wanted
internationally issued.
1949 - The United Nations grants INTERPOL
consultative status as a non-governmental organization.
1956 - Following the adoption of a modernized constitution,
the ICPC becomes the International Criminal Police
Organization-INTERPOL, abbreviated to ICPO–INTERPOL
or just INTERPOL. The Organization becomes autonomous
by collecting dues from member countries and relying on
investments as the main means of support.
1963 - First regional conference held, in Monrovia, Liberia.
1965 - The General Assembly sets out formal
responsibilities and operating policies for NCBs.
1971 - The United Nations recognizes INTERPOL as an
intergovernmental organization.
1972 - A Headquarters Agreement with France
recognizes INTERPOL as an international organization.
1982 - An independent body created to monitor the
implementation of INTERPOL’s internal rules in relation
to data protection. This will become the Commission for
the Control of INTERPOL Files in 2003.
1989 - INTERPOL moves its General Secretariat to
Lyon, France.
1990 - The X.400 communication system launched,
enabling NCBs to send electronic messages to each
other and to the General Secretariat directly.
1995 - As part of a programme of regionalization the
General Assembly adopts guidelines for the
establishment and operation of Regional Bureaus.

2002 - The I-24/7 web-based communication system

launched, significantly improving NCBs’ access to
INTERPOL’s databases and services. Canada is the
first country to connect to the system.
- Database of stolen and lost travel documents
launched.
2003 - Official inauguration of the Command and
Coordination Centre at the General Secretariat, enabling
the organization to operate 24 hours a day, seven days a
week.
2004 - INTERPOL liaison office inaugurated at the United
Nations in New York and first Special Representative
appointed.
2005 - First INTERPOL-United Nations Special Notices
issued for individuals subject to UN sanctions against Al
Qaeda and the Taliban.
- Technology known as MIND/FIND allows frontline
officers to connect directly to INTERPOL's systems.
2009 - Official opening of the Office of the Special
Representative to the European Union in Brussels.
Organisation International Criminal
Internationale de Police Organization
Police Criminelle
The current emblem of Interpol was
adopted in 1950 and according to
their website has the following
symbolism:
• the globe indicates worldwide
activity
• the olive branches represent peace
• the sword represents police action
• the scales signify justice
The vision:
"Connecting police for a safer world".
The mission:
"Preventing and fighting crime through enhanced
international police cooperation".
All 190 INTERPOL member countries are
connected through a secure communications system
known as I-24/7. This gives police real-time access to
criminal databases containing millions of records. Our
unique system of Notices is used to alert member
countries to fugitives, dangerous criminals, missing
persons or weapons threats
STRUCTURE AND
GOVERNANCE
 Decisions related to Interpol’s policy,
resources, working methods, finances,
activities and programs are undertaken
by the

a.National central Bureaus

b.General Assembly
c.General Secretariat
d.Executive Committee
 STRATEGY
General Assembly – INTERPOL’s supreme governing
body, the General Assembly is composed of delegates
appointed by each member country. It meets annually to
take all important decisions related to policy, resources,
working methods, finances, activities and programmes.
Executive Committee – Elected by the General
Assembly, the Executive Committee is headed by the
President of the Organization. It provides guidance and
direction to the Organization and oversees the
implementation of decisions made at the annual General
Assembly.
RANULFO T. BAYAG-0 LC, CCS “HE WHO DESPISES KNOWLEDGE DESTROYS THE REASON FOR HAVING IT”

Who is the current President of the

Interpol’s Executive Committee?

a.Ronald Noble
b.Meriele Ballestrazi
c. Nobuyuki Kawai
d.Tariq Khosa

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 Delegates

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What is the designated contact point for
the General Secretariat for all INTERPOL
Operations, regional offices and other
member countries requiring assistance
with overseas investigations and the
location and apprehension of fugitives?
A. National Central Bureau
B. General Secretariat
C. General Assembly
D. Executive Committee
 What National Law Enforcement Body
houses the INTERPOL-NCB in the
Philippines?

A.National Bureau of Investigation

B.Philippine National Police
C.Philippine Center on Transnational Crime
D.Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency

The NCB is referred to as “NALECC-SCILEC”

(National Law Enforcement Coordinating Committee - Sub Committee
on International Law Enforcement Cooperation).
 IMPLEMENTATION
General Secretariat – located in Lyon, France, the General
Secretariat operates 24 hours a day, 365 days a year and is
run by the Secretary General. The Secretariat has seven
regional offices across the world along with Special
Representatives at the United Nations in New York and at
the European Union in Brussels.
National Central Bureaus (NCBs) – Each INTERPOL
member country maintains a National Central Bureau
linking national police with our global network. Staffed by
highly trained national law enforcement officers, NCBs are
the lifeblood of INTERPOL, contributing to our criminal
databases and cooperating together on cross-border
investigations, operations and arrests.
 OVERSIGHT
• Advisers – these are experts in a purely advisory
capacity, who may be appointed by the Executive
Committee and confirmed by the General Assembly.
• Commission for the Control of INTERPOL’s Files
(CCF) – The CCF ensures that the processing of
personal data – such as names and fingerprints – is in
line with INTERPOL's rules, in order to protect both
the fundamental rights of individuals and the
cooperation among police internationally.
 STRATEGIC PRIORITIES

1. Secure global communication system.

2. 24/7 support to policing and law
enforcement.
3. Capacity Building
4. Assisting member countries in the
identification of crimes and criminals.
 CORPORATE PRIORITIES
1. Ensure organizational health and
sustainability.
2. Institutional and legal support.
 Crime Areas
1. Corruption 11. Pharmaceutical Crime
2. Crimes against children 12. Terrorism
3. Cyber crime 13. Trafficking in Human Beings
4. Drugs 14. Trafficking in illicit goods
5. Environmental crime 15. Vehicle Crime
6. Financial crime
7. Firearms
8. Fugitive Investigation
9. Maritime piracy
10. Organized crimes
 Applicants must:
• Be nationals of one of the Organization's member countries;
• Be 18 years of age or older;
• Meet the requirements for the post as defined in the vacancy
notice;
• Have a relevant degree, diploma or appropriate training (for
the majority of posts, this should be at the university level);
• Have previous relevant professional experience;
• Have an excellent command of English; a good knowledge of
French is desirable and sometimes essential for certain posts;
some knowledge of the Organization's other working
languages (Spanish or Arabic) is often helpful;
• Indicate the level of command of each language when filling out the
Application Form:
– Mother Tongue
– Professional Fluency: Able to converse actively at high level of
fluency and prepare reports and papers.
– Working Knowledge: Able to follow work-related discussions, use
the telephone, and understand documents (grammar may be
uncertain).
– Limited Knowledge: Able to understand simple conversations and
written texts.
– Basic: Some knowledge, but unable to work in the language.
– No skills
• Be able to use modern computer technology;
• Be able to adapt to a multicultural and multilingual working
environment;
• Have the ability to work as a member of a team.
 Main job profiles:
• Processing criminal information: compiling and entering data
communicated by the official law enforcement departments,
drafting replies to countries, etc.;
• Drafting and publishing notices;
• Crime analysis;
• Language services: one department for each of the official
languages (Arabic, English, French and Spanish);
• Office of Legal Affairs;
• Information technology and telecommunications (systems
management, research and development);
• Secretarial services
• Support services (general services, human resources, finance
and accounts, security, document production, etc.).
• In 2005, upon the request of the United
Nations Security Council, an
INTERPOL-United Nations Special
Notice was created to support the
United Nations Security Council in the
fight against terrorism.
RANULFO T. BAYAG-0 LC, CCS “HE WHO DESPISES KNOWLEDGE DESTROYS THE REASON FOR HAVING IT”

If a member country desires provisional

arrest of an international fugitive with a
view to extradition, what notice will be
published by the Interpol General
Secretariat?

A.Yellow notice
B.Blue notice
C.Red notice
D.Green notice

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RANULFO T. BAYAG-0 LC, CCS “HE WHO DESPISES KNOWLEDGE DESTROYS THE REASON FOR HAVING IT”

The notice which aims to provide modus

operandi or concealment methods used
by known criminal groups

A.Orange notice
B.Special notice
C.Black notice
D.Purple notice

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 THE EIGHT NOTICES
Red Notice
To seek the arrest or provisional arrest of wanted
persons with a view to extradition.

Blue Notice
To collect additional information about a person’s
identity or activities in relation to a crime.

Green Notice
To provide warnings and criminal intelligence about
persons who have committed criminal offences and are
likely to repeat these crimes in other countries.

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 Yellow Notice
To help locate missing persons, often minors, or to help
identify persons who are unable to identify themselves.

Black Notice
To seek information on unidentified bodies.

Orange Notice
To warn police, public entities and other international
organizations about potential threats from disguised weapons,
parcel bombs and other dangerous materials.

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RANULFO T. BAYAG-0 LC, CCS “HE WHO DESPISES KNOWLEDGE DESTROYS THE REASON FOR HAVING IT”

INTERPOL-United Nations Special Notice

Issued for groups and individuals who are the targets
of UN sanctions against Al Qaeda and the Taliban. 

Purple Notice
To provide information on modus operandi,
procedures, objects, devices and concealment
methods used by criminals.

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RANULFO T. BAYAG-0 LC, CCS “HE WHO DESPISES KNOWLEDGE DESTROYS THE REASON FOR HAVING IT”

It was founded in 1945 after World War II

to stop wars between countries, and to
provide a platform for dialogue to
achieve world peace.

A.League of Nations
B.Global Peace association
C.United Nations
D.International Community

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 United Nations
• An international organization whose stated
aims are facilitating cooperation in
international law, international security,
economic development, social progress,
human rights, and achievement of world
peace. It was founded in 1945 after World
War II to replace the League of Nations, to
stop wars between countries, and to
provide a platform for dialogue.
RANULFO T. BAYAG-0 LC, CCS “HE WHO DESPISES KNOWLEDGE DESTROYS THE REASON FOR HAVING IT”

At present, United Nations is the largest

organization of countries whose stated
aims are facilitating cooperation in
international law, international security,
economic development, social progress,
human rights, and achievement of world
peace. Are there how many member
countries of the UN?

A.193
B.185
C.203
D.195
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 The United Nations Headquarters
resides in international territory in New
York City, with further main offices at
Geneva, Nairobi, and Vienna. Composed
of 193 member states.
RANULFO T. BAYAG-0 LC, CCS “HE WHO DESPISES KNOWLEDGE DESTROYS THE REASON FOR HAVING IT”

Which of the following are the official

languages used by the INTERPOL?

1. French 4. Spanish
2. English 5. Chinese
3. Arabic 6. Russian

A. 1, 2, 4, 5
B. 1, 2, 3, 4
C. 1, 2, 4, 6
D. 2, 4, 5, 6

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 Difference Between the Official
Languages of Interpol and United
Nations
INTERPOL UNITED NATIONS
1. Arabic 1. Arabic
2. English 2. English
3. French 3. French
4. Spanish 4. Spanish
5. Chinese
6. Russian
 LEADERS
1. Secretary-General
-Ban Ki-moon
2. Deputy Secretary-General
-Jan Eliasson
3. General Assembly President
- Nassir Abdulaziz Al-Nasser
4. Security Council President
- Li Baodong
• May resolve non-compulsory recommendations
to states, or suggestions to the UNSC (not a
Parliament)
• decides on the admission of new members, on
proposal of the UNSC
• adopts the budget
• elects the non-permanent members of the UNSC,
all members of ECOSOC, on the proposal of the
UNSC the UN Secretary General, and the 15
judges of the ICJ

When the General Assembly votes on

important questions, a two-thirds majority of
those present and voting is required
 It is charged with maintenance of peace and
security among countries. The Security Council
has the power to make binding decisions that
member governments have agreed to carry out.
The decisions of the Council are known as
United Nations Security Council resolutions.
The Security Council is made up of 15
member states, consisting of 5 permanent
members–China, France, Russia, the United
Kingdom and the United States–and 10 non-
permanent members. The ten temporary seats
are held for two-year terms with member states
voted in by the General Assembly on a regional
basis. The presidency of the Security Council is
rotated alphabetically each month.[16]
Located in New York City
 The United Nations Secretariat is headed by
the Secretary-General, assisted by a staff of
international civil servants worldwide. It provides
studies, information, and facilities needed by
United Nations bodies for their meetings. It also
carries out tasks as directed by the UN Security
Council, the UN General Assembly, the UN
Economic and Social Council, and other UN
bodies. The United Nations Charter provides that
the staff be chosen by application of the "highest
standards of efficiency, competence, and
integrity," with due regard for the importance of
recruiting on a wide geographical basis.
The Secretariat is headed by the
Secretary-General,
who acts as the de
facto spokesperson
and leader of the
UN. The current
Secretary-General is
Ban Ki-moon, who
took over from Kofi
Annan in 2007 and
has been elected for
a second term to
conclude at the end
of 2016
• Name Country of origin Years of Service
• Trygve Lie   Norway 1946 - 1952
• Dag Hammarskjöld  Sweden 1953 - 1961
• U Thant Burma 1961 - 1971
• Kurt Waldheim Austria 1972 - 1981
• Javier Pérez de Cuéllar Peru 1982 - 1991
• Boutros Boutros-Ghali   Egypt 1992 - 1996
• Kofi Annan   Ghana 1997 - 2006
• Ban Ki-moon South Korea 2007 - Pres
RANULFO T. BAYAG-0 LC, CCS “HE WHO DESPISES KNOWLEDGE DESTROYS THE REASON FOR HAVING IT”

This is the primary judicial organ of the

United Nations.

A.International Court of Justice

B.World court
C.International Judiciary
D.Either A or B

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Hague Netherlands
 The International Court of Justice (ICJ)
is the primary judicial organ of the United
Nations. Established in 1945 by the United
Nations Charter, the Court began work in
1946 as the successor to the Permanent
Court of International Justice.
 The Economic and Social Council
(ECOSOC) assists the General Assembly
in promoting international economic and
social cooperation and development.
ECOSOC has 54 members, all of which
are elected by the General Assembly for a
three-year term. The president is elected
for a one-year term and chosen amongst
the small or middle powers represented on
ECOSOC. ECOSOC meets once a year in
July for a four-week session.
 Professional Category
• high degree of analytical skills
• communication skills
• substantive expertise and/or managerial leadership
ability
• Applicants are required to have a first level university
degree from an accredited university or institution
• An advanced degree may be required for some
functions, as specified in the Vacancy Announcement.
• A combination of relevant academic qualifications and
extensive experience may be accepted in lieu of the
advanced university degree.
 Field Service Category
Applicants are required to have a high
school diploma or equivalent, some
positions may require a technical or
vocational certificate.
 Required Experience
• Applicants should offer experience relevant to
the functions of the post, as described in the
responsibilities section of the vacancy
announcement. Depending on the position, other
factors to be evaluated may include national
versus international experience; progressively
responsible and/or diversified experiences at the
level of managerial/ leadership responsibility
held; and, knowledge of a particular geographic
region, including local languages.
 Language Knowledge
English and French are the working
languages of the United Nations Secretariat.
Fluency in English or French is required,
knowledge of additional official UN
languages (Arabic, Chinese, English,
French, Russian, Spanish) is an advantage.
 Appointments of Limited Duration
• Candidates recruited to serve at special
peacekeeping missions will receive an
appointment of limited duration. These
appointments will normally be for an initial period
of up to six months, and, while they carry no
expectation on extension, may be renewed
thereafter subject to operational requirements of
the mission; availability of funding; and the
demonstrated satisfactory conduct, performance
and attitude of the staff member.
 The candidates we are looking for must:
• Adhere to the core values of the United Nations of
integrity, professionalism and respect for diversity;
• Demonstrate the Organization’s core competencies in
their daily work:
– Communication
– Teamwork
– Planning & Organizing
– Accountability
– Creativity
– Client Orientation
– Commitment to Continuous Learning, and
– Technological Awareness
12/06/21 10:24 154
RANULFO T. BAYAG-0 LC, CCS “HE WHO DESPISES KNOWLEDGE DESTROYS THE REASON FOR HAVING IT”

What is known as the rules and

procedures on the selection of the PNP
for secondment, detail to international
organizations peacekeeping missions?

a. PNP memorandum circular 2009-006

b. Sec. 26, PNP Rules of Engagement
c. Sec. 45, RA 6975
d. IRR of RA 8551

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RANULFO T. BAYAG-0 LC, CCS “HE WHO DESPISES KNOWLEDGE DESTROYS THE REASON FOR HAVING IT”

To be eligible for deployment into the UN

peace-keeping missions, the police
commissioned officer of the PNP
should have the rank of

A.P/Insp.-Supt.
B.C/Insp-Supt.
C.Supt. – Dir. General
D.S/INSP.- SUPT.

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RANULFO T. BAYAG-0 LC, CCS “HE WHO DESPISES KNOWLEDGE DESTROYS THE REASON FOR HAVING IT”

To be eligible for deployment into the UN

peacekeeping missions, what should
be the age range of the applicants?

A.25-53
B.40-55
C. 30-45
D. 21-56

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RANULFO T. BAYAG-0 LC, CCS “HE WHO DESPISES KNOWLEDGE DESTROYS THE REASON FOR HAVING IT”

For police non-commissioned officer to

be qualified on the UNSAT, they must
be in the rank bracket of

A. PO1-SPO2
B. PO2-SPO1
C. PO3-SPO3
D. PO3-SPO4

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RANULFO T. BAYAG-0 LC, CCS “HE WHO DESPISES KNOWLEDGE DESTROYS THE REASON FOR HAVING IT”

What are the two special skills of PNP

applicants qualifying him for
deployment to the UN peacekeeping
missions?

A.Combat shooting and driving

B.Martial arts and combat shooting
C.Computer literacy and driving
D.Investigation and communication

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RANULFO T. BAYAG-0 LC, CCS “HE WHO DESPISES KNOWLEDGE DESTROYS THE REASON FOR HAVING IT”

PNP personnel assigned to the UN

peacekeeping mission shall be
deployed for how many years?

A.4 years
B.2 years
C.3 years
D.1 year

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 PNP MEMORANDUM CIRCULAR
2009-006
“RULES AND PROCEDURES ON THE
SELECTION OF THE PNP PERSONNEL
FOR SECONDMENT, DETAIL TO
INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS,
PEACEKEEPING MISSIONS”

PNP MEMORANDUM CIRCULAR

2009-006
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12/06/21 10:24 162
 AGE REQUIREMENT
must not be less than 25 years old or more
than 53 years old upon actual deployment.

 RANK REQUIREMENT
• For Police Commissioned Officers (PCOs):
- PINSP to PSUPT.

• For Police Non-commissioned Officers (PNCOs):

- PO3 to SPO4.

• All applicants must have been appointed in permanent

status in their respective present ranks.

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 SERVICE REQUIREMENT
minimum of 5 years of active police
service (excluding cadetship, officer
orientation/trainee course, and police
basic course)

 PHYSICAL REQUIREMENT
passed the latest Physical Fitness Test
(PFT) conducted by the PNP DHRDD, as
well as medical, dental, and
neuropsychiatric examinations.

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 SPECIAL SKILLS NEEDED
– Computer Literacy Requirement
– Driving Proficiency Requirement

 UNIT RECOMMENDATION REQUIREMENT

must be recommended by Unit
Commanders (Command Group or Directors of
their respective Directorial Staff, National
Support Units, or Police Regional Offices).

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OTHER REQUIREMENTS

1. must hold a Performance Evaluation Rating (PER) with a minimum

Very Satisfactory evaluation for two (2) consecutive rating semesters

2. must not have been repatriated from any previous UN mission for
disciplinary reasons.

3. must not have been convicted of any administrative or criminal offense;

have no pending administrative/criminal cases in any
body/tribunal/court.

4. No applicant should be a witness to any administrative/criminal case,

especially those covered by Republic Act 9165, or a summary hearing
officer with unresolved cases.

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TERM OF DEPLOYMENT

All PNP personnel who are deployed

as part of the UN Peacekeeping Mission
shall have one (1) year tenure,
extendable to 6 months.

12/06/21 10:24 167

UN Peacekeepers Day 2009-Philippines.avi
 ASEAN chiefs
of police
After 24 years, it has grown from 5 police
chiefs to a solid force of the ASEAN
TEN , signaling the emergence of a
regional alliance that is determined to
secure not only our own individual
sovereignties but also the peace and
progress of our community.
 EUROPIAN POLICE OFFICE
(EUROPOL)
• Europol is the European
Union'scriminal intelligence agency. It
became fully operational on 1 July 1999.
• Europol's aim is to improve the
effectiveness and co-operation between the
competent authorities of the member states
primarily by sharing and pooling
intelligence to prevent and combat serious
international organized crime.
 INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF
CHIEFS OF POLICE (IACP)

• The world's oldest and largest

nonprofit membership organization of
police executives, with over 20,000
members in over 89 different countries.
IACP's leadership consists of the
operating chief executives of international,
federal, state and local agencies of all
sizes.
 Four Types of Police Agencies
Operating in the US

A. Federal Police (DOJ and homeland

Security)
B. State Police (Department of Public Safety)
C. County (Parishes/boroughs)
1. County Police
2. Sheriff’s Offices
D. Municipal Police
• Be a United States citizen.
• Must have a high school diploma or a G.E.D. and if necessary a college
degree or served in the United States military without a dishonorable
discharge;
• Be in good physical and psychological condition;
• Maintain a clean criminal record without either serious or repeated
misdemeanor or any felony convictions;
• Must have a valid driver's license with a clean driving record and that is not
currently or has a history of being suspended or revoked;
• Be of high moral character;
• Not have a history of prior narcotic or repeated marijuana use or
alcoholism;
• Not have a history of ethical, professional, prior employment, motor
vehicle, or financial improprieties;
• Not have a history of domestic violence or mental illness;
• Not to pose a safety and security risk;
• Be legally eligible to own and carry a firearm.
 CANADIAN POLICE
Royal Canadian Mounted Police
 It was organized under the authority of royal Canadian
Mounted Police Act and is headed by a Commissioner
under the direction of the Minister of Public Safety
Canada.
 Members of the RCMP are called MOUNTIES,
though they now ride horses only in special
ceremonies.
 For their daily assignments, they travel in cars,
snowmobiles, helicopters, and other modern police
vehicles.
• Motto: Maintiens le droit (Defend the law)
• Highest Rank – Commissioner
• Lowest Rank – Gendarme (Constable)
 AUSTRALIAN POLICE

AUSTRALIAN FEDERAL POLICE

- created 1979
- to enforce Commonwealth of Australia
criminal law and to protect Commonwealth
and National interest from crime in
Australia and overseas.
 What is the central coordinating
body for the entire police system of
Japan which determines general
standards and policies?
A. National Public Safety Commission
B. National Police Agency
C. Japanese Imperial Army
D. Prefectural Public Safety Commission
• It is the Government body for the
administrative supervision of the
Japanese Police
A.National Public Safety Commission
B.National Police Agency
C.Japanese Imperial Army
D.Prefectural Public Safety Commission
 JAPANESE POLICE
1. National Public Safety Commission
- Government body for the administrative
supervision of the Police. (C & 5M)
2. National Police Agency
- Police Administration Bureau
- Criminal investigation bureau
- Safety Department
- Traffic Bureau
- Security Bureau
- Communication Bureau
 The Agency which provides personal
security for the Emperor, Crown Prince
and other members of the Imperial
Family of Japan, as well as protection of
imperial properties.
A. Samurai
B. National Police Agency
C. Imperial Guard
D. Yakuza
 Historical secret police organizations

A. Tokko (Investigated and controlled

political groups and ideologies deemed to be
a threat to public order)
B. Kempeitai (Military Police of the Imperial
Japanese Army)
C. Tokeitai (Military Police of the Imperial
Japanese Navy)
 CONDITIONS OF SERVICE
A. Entrance examinations
1. upper-secondary-school graduates 2.
university graduates.
B. Rigorous training
1. one year for upper-secondary school
graduates
2. six months for university graduates
* Residential Police Academy
* Assignment is in local police boxes called
Kobans.
C. Promotion
1. Police officers with upper-secondary
school diplomas are eligible to take the
examination for sergeant after three years of on-
the-job experience.
2. University graduates can take the
examination after only one year. University
graduates are also eligible to take the examination
for assistant police inspector, police inspector, and
superintendent after shorter periods than upper-
secondary school graduates. There are usually
five to fifteen examinees for each opening.
 What is the title given to the
head of the Japan National
Police Agency?

A. Director General
B. Commissioner General
C. Director
D. Commissioner
 KOBAN
• A kōban ( 交番 kōban?) is a small
neighborhood police station found in Japan.
Kōban also refers to the smallest organizational
unit in today's Japanese police system.In
addition to central police stations, Japanese
uniformed police work is done from small
buildings located within the community, a form
of community policing.
• CHUZAISHO

– The rural equivalent of the urban Koban

– Rural police officers are known as

chuzaishan who lives with his family in a
small house provided by the government
that also serves as an office for
conducting police business.

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 Minimum and Maximum age
Requirement for Recruitment and
Retirement
• Recruitment – Not less than 21 years old
nor more than 45 years old.
• Retirement – 30 years of service or
reaching the age of 55, after which point
each person is looked at on an individual
basis and considered for retirement or to
continue.
THE Koban system is for Japan, while the
Neighbourhood Police Centers is for
______.

A.China
B.Malaysia
C.Singapore
D.Cambodia
 SINGAPORE

SINGAPORE POLICE FORCE

- Formerly known as the Republic of
Singapore Police Under the Ministry of
home affairs.
- Formed in 1819 under the command of
Francis James Bernard
 RANKS
A. Police Officer Ranks
Constable – Senior Station Inspector 2

B. Senior Police Officer Ranks

Inspector – Commissioner of the Police
 ARGINTINA
Policía Federal Argentina (PFA; in English
Argentine Federal Police) is a police force of the
Argentine federal government. The PFA has
detachments throughout the country, but its main
responsibility is policing the Federal District of
Buenos Aires. Argentine Federal Police duties in
Buenos Aires have been gradually taken over by
a new force, the Policía Metropolitana de Buenos
Aires (Buenos Aires Metropolitan Police)
 GERMANY

BUNDESPOLIZEI (BPOL)
- Previously known as the
BUNDESGRENZSCHUTZ (BGS)
- The change of name was introduce in
July 1, 2005.
- It is subordinate to the Federal Ministry of
the Interior (Bundesministerium des Innern
(BMI)
*landespolizei*
 What is the world's second, and Asia's
first, police agency to operate with a
modern policing system.

a.London Metropolitan Police

b.Hongkong Police Force
c.Philippine National Police
d.Japan National Police

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 The HKP is administered by what office?

a.Ministry of public safety

b.Security Bureau
c.Ministry of internal affairs
d.Ministry of public security

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 What is the title given to the head of the
Hongkong Police Force?

a.Director General
b.Commissioner of Police
c.Inspector General
d.Police Director

12/06/21 10:24 201

 HONG KONG
Hong Kong Police Force a.k.a. Hong
Kong Police
- The worlds second and the Asia's
first police agency to operate with a
modern policing system.
- It was formed on May 1, 1844 with
only 32 officers.
 SWITZERLAND

1. Federal Police
a. Federal Office of Police (fedpol)
b. Federal Criminal Police (FCP)
c. Federal Security Service (FSS)
2. Cantonal Police
3. Municipal Police
 All police departments require at least a
high school diploma or equivalent
education from their officers. While some
hire graduates right out of high school,
many require potential officers to be at
least 21 years old. Retirement is 65 yrs
of age
 MALAYSIA
The Royal Malaysia Police (RMP; Malay:
Polis Diraja Malaysia, PDRM) is a part of the
security forces structure in Malaysia. The
force is a centralized organization with
responsibilities ranging from traffic control to
intelligence gathering. Its headquarters is
located at Bukit Aman, Kuala Lumpur. The
police force is led by an Inspector-General of
Police (IGP)
 PEOPLES REPUBLIC OF CHINA

The Republic of China Military Police (traditional

Chinese: 中華民國憲兵 ; pinyin: Zhōnghuá Mínguó
Xiànbīng) is a military police body under the
Ministry of National Defense of the Republic of
China (ROC). Unlike military police in many other
countries, ROCMP is a separate branch of the ROC
Armed Forces
 ISRAEL
The Israel Police (Hebrew: ‫משטרת ישראל‬,
Mishteret Yisrael; Arabic:‫ئيل‬b‫سرا‬b‫رطة إ‬bb‫ )ش‬is the civilian
police force of Israel. As with most other police
forces in the world, its duties include crime fighting,
traffic control, maintaining public safety, and
counter-terrorism. It is under the jurisdiction of the
Internal Security Ministry.
The Israel Police operates throughout Israel, the
Golan Heights and Area C of the West Bank, in all
places in which Israel has civilian control. There
are no local or "municipal" police departments in
Israel.
 FRANCE
National Law Enforcement Agencies:
1. Police Nationale, formerly called the Sûreté, a civilian
force; it has primary responsibility for major cities and large
urban areas; run under the Ministry of the Interior
2. Gendarmerie Nationale, a gendarmerie; it has primary
responsibility for smaller towns and rural areas, as well as all
military installations; run by the Ministry of Defense but under
operational control, for most purposes, of the Ministry of the
Interior
3. Direction générale des douanes et droits indirects, a
civilian customs service more commonly known as the
Douane, under the Minister of Budget, Public Accounting and
Civil Servants
 NEW ZEALAND
New Zealand Police (Māori: Ngā Pirihimana o
Aotearoa, lit. The Policemen of New Zealand) is the
national police force of New Zealand, responsible for
enforcing criminal law, enhancing public safety,
maintaining order and keeping the peace throughout
New Zealand. With over 11,000 staff it is the largest
law enforcement agency in New Zealand, and with
few exceptions has primary jurisdiction over the
majority of New Zealand criminal law.
New Zealand Police is a decentralized organization divided
into twelve districts, each with a geographical area of
responsibility, three communications centers that each
receive calls from *555 traffic, 111 emergency or general
queue, and a Police National Headquarters that provides
policy and planning advice as well as national oversight
and management of the organization.
District Commanders hold the rank of Superintendent, as
do sworn National Managers, the road policing manager in
the Waitemata District, responsible for the motorway
network and traffic alcohol group, and the commandant of
the Royal New Zealand Police College. Area Commanders
hold the rank of Inspector as do Shift Commanders based
in each of the three Communications Centers. District
Section Commanders are typically Senior Sergeants.
 UNITED KINGDOM (England & Wales, Ireland, Scotland)

Types of law enforcement agency

1. Territorial police forces, who carry out the majority of
policing. These are police forces that cover a 'police area' (a
particular region) and have an independent Police Authority.
England and Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland
2. Special police forces, which are national police forces
that have a specific, non-regional jurisdiction, such as the
British Transport Police. The Serious Organized Crime and
Police Act 2005
3. Non-police law enforcement agencies, whose officers
are not police constables, but still enforce laws.
4. Miscellaneous police forces, mostly having their
foundations in older legislation or Common Law. These have
a responsibility to police specific local areas or activities, such
as ports and parks.
 HEIGHT
In the 19th and early 20th centuries most forces required that
recruits be at least 5 feet 10 inches (178 cm) in height. By
1960 many forces had reduced this to 5 feet 8 inches (173
cm), and 5 feet 4 inches (163 cm) for women. Many senior
officers deplored this, believing that height was a vital
requirement for a uniformed constable. Some forces retained
the height standard at 5 feet 10 inches (178 cm) or 5 feet
9 inches (175 cm) until the early 1990s, when the height
standard was gradually removed. This is due to the
MacPherson report of 1999, as the height restriction was seen
to possibly discriminate against those of ethnic backgrounds
who may be genetically predisposed to be shorter. No British
force now requires its recruits to be of any minimum height.
The shortest officer in the UK, PC Sue Day of Swindon Police,
is 4 feet 10 inches tall.
 MEXICO
Federal Police (Spanish: Policía Federal, PF), formerly
known as the Policía Federal Preventiva (Federal
Preventive Police), are the uniformed federal police force of
Mexico. The agency is directed by the Secretariat of Public
Security It was created in 1998 by the merger of several
other federal police agencies (the Federal Highway Police,
the Fiscal Police, a Military Police Brigade and an Interior
Ministry intelligence unit) in order to better co-ordinate the
fight against the growing threat of drug cartels. Typically,
PF officers are heavily armed and clad in blue/black
fatigues. On account of its heavily armed agents, its
culture, and its origins, the PF may be considered a
gendarmerie. They are sometimes referred to by the slang
term "Federales".
 EGYPT
The Ministry of Interior divides the functions of the police and
public security among four deputy ministers of interior while the
Minister of Interior himself retained responsibility for state security
(El Mukhabarat).investigations and overall organization.
There are four Deputy Ministers:
1. Public Security responsible for public safety (Municipal
Police), travel, emigration, passports, port security, and criminal
investigation.
2. Special Police responsible for prison administration, the
Central Security Forces, civil defense, police transport, police
communications, traffic police, and Tourism and Antiquities Police.
3. Personnel Affairs was responsible for police-training
institutions, personnel matters for police and civilian employees,
and the Policemen's Sports Association.
4. Administrative and Financial Affairs responsible for general
administration, budgets, supplies, and legal matters.
POLICE RANKS
Police rank insignia were the same as
those used by the army. Commissioned
police ranks resembled those of the
Egyptian army. The highest-ranking police
officer was a major general and ranks
descended only to first lieutenant. Enlisted
police ranks are master sergeant, sergeant,
corporal, and private.
 SPAIN
The Cuerpo Nacional de Policía (National
Police Corps) is the national civilian police force
of Spain. The CNP is mainly responsible for
policing urban areas.. The CNP is under the
authority of Spain's Ministry of the Interior. They
mostly handle criminal, judicial, terrorism and
immigration matters. However, the CNP has
limited competency in the Basque Country and
Catalonia, where the autonomous Ertzaintza and
Mossos d'Esquadra handle most matters except
the most important ones like terrorism and
organized crime.
Requirements
• Born or naturalized Spanish
• Between 18 and 30 years old
• At least 1.65 meters tall (for men), and 1.60 metres for women
• Not to have been convicted of fraud or dismissed by the state,
autonomous or local governments, or prevented from holding public
functions.
• Hold a driving license of the class specified by the government.
Basic Scale:
• Have or to be in conditions to obtain the Certificate in Secondary
Education or equivalent level. (Baccalaureate will be necessary in
some years).
Executive Scale:
• Have a Technical Engineer, Technical Architect, Qualified University
student or equivalent or top formation degree.
 BANGLADESH
Bangladesh Police is the main law enforcement
agency of Bangladesh. It is administered under
the Ministry of Home Affairs of the Government of
Bangladesh. It plays a crucial role in maintaining
peace and enforcement of law and order within
the whole of Bangladesh. Though the police are
primarily concerned with the maintenance of law
and order and security of persons and property of
individuals, it also plays a vital role in the criminal
justice system
 AFGHANISTAN
Afghan National Police (Pashto) is the primary
National Police Force in Afghanistan. It serves
as a single law enforcement agency which is
under the responsibility of Afghanistan’s
Ministry of Interior. Sub agencies;
a. Afghan Border Police
b. Afghan Uniform Police
c. Afghan Highway Police
d. Criminal Investigation Department
 Saudi Arabia
The main police force is called the
Department of Public Safety. They handle
most of the daily law enforcement functions in
the country. This department is divided into
regular police and special investigative
police of the General Directorate of
Investigation, the mubahith or secret police.
This mubahith conduct criminal investigations
and handle matters pertaining to domestic
security and counter intelligence.
 Another police force in the Department of Public
Safety under this is the Saudi Arabia’s’ “morals
force” religious police known as mutawa which
ensures that Saudi citizens live up to the rules of
behavior derived from the Qur’an.
The commissioned officers received three years
of training and are promoted through the ranks from
second lieutenant to general. The director of public
safety, who heads the Saudi police, usually is a
relative of the king. Non-commissioned police
personnel must be literate and spend three months
in training. They are not eligible to become
commissioned officers.
COMPARATIVE
POLICE SYSTEM
 PHILIPPINES
Director General (the Chief of PNP)
Deputy Director General (for Administration and for Operation)
Director
Chief Superintendent
Senior Superintendent
Superintendent
Chief Inspector
Senior Inspector
Inspector
Senior Police Officer 4 Police Officer 3
Senior Police Officer 3 Police Officer 2
Senior Police Officer 2 Police Officer 1
Senior Police Officer 1
 AUSTRALIA
Commissioner
Deputy Commissioner
Assistant Commissioner
Chief Supt. (Commander)
Superintendent
Inspector
Station Sergeant
Senior Sergeant
Sergeant
Senior Constable
1st Constable
Constable
Probationary constable
 BANGLADESH
Superior Officers
Inspector General of Police (IGP)
Additional Inspector General of Police (Addl IGP)
Deputy Inspector General of Police (DIG of Police)
Additional Deputy Inspector General of Police (Addl DIG of
Police)
Superintendent of Police (SP) / Assistant Inspector General
(AIG) (in Police HQ) / Special Superintendent (SS) (in SB & CID)
/ Superintendent of Railway Police (SRP) (in Railway Police)
Additional Superintendent of Police (Addl SP)
Senior Assistant Superintendent of Police (Senior ASP)
Assistant Superintend
 BANGLADESH METROPOLITAN
POLICE
Commissioner of Police
Joint Commissioner of Police
Deputy Commissioner of Police (DC)
Additional Deputy Commissioner of Police (ADC)
Senior Assistant Commissioner of Police (Senior
AC)
Assistant Commissioner of Police (AC)
RAPID ACTION BATTALION (RAB)
Director General
Additional Director General
Director
Deputy Director (DD)
Senior Assistant Director (Senior AD)
Assistant Director (AD)
Subordinate Officers
• UN-ARMED BRANCH
Inspector of Police / Traffic Inspector (TI)
Sub-Inspector (SI) / Sergeant / Town Sub-Inspector (TSI)
Assistant Sub-Inspector (ASI) / Un-armed Head
Constable (HC)
Police Constable
• ARMED BRANCH
Armed Inspector
Armed Sub-Inspector (Armed SI)
Head Constable (HC)
Naik
Police Constable
 BHUTAN
Gagpoen
Thrimdag Chichhab
Thrimdag Gongma
Thrimdag Wogma
Dungda
Yongzin
Dechhab
Gopoen Lopjongpa
Jugpoen Gongma Quilop Gongma
Jugpoen Quilop
Jugpoen Wogma Denkul
Juglop Gongma Gopa
Juglop Gagpa
 CHINA
Commissioner General
Deputy Commissioner General
Commissioner 1st Class
Commissioner 2nd Class
Commissioner 3rd Class
Supervisor 1st Class
Supervisor 2nd Class
Supervisor 3rd Class
Superintendent 1st Class
Superintendent 2nd Class
Superintendent 3rd Class
Constable 1st Class
Constable 2nd Class
High Rank Officers
INDONESIA
Police General Warrant Officer
Police Commissioner General First Police Inspector Adjutant
Police Inspector General Second Police Inspector
Adjutant
Police Brigadier General Non-commissioned Officers

Mid rank officers Chief Police Brigadier

Police Grand Commissioner Police Brigadier
Police Grand Commissioner Adjutant First Police Brigadier
Police Commissioner Second Police Brigadier

Low rank officers Enlisted

Police Commissioner Adjutant Police Brigadier Adjutant
First Police Inspector First Police Brigadier Adjutant
Second Police Inspector Second Police Brigadier
Adjutant
 IRAN
General
Lieutenant General
Major General
Brigadier General
Second Brigadier General Sergeant Major
Colonel First Sergeant
Lieutenant Colonel Second Sergeant
Major Third Sergeant
Captain Corporal
First Lieutenant First Private
Second Lieutenant Second Private
Third Lieutenant
 MALAYSIA
Senior Officers
Gazetted Officers
Commissioners
Inspector-General of Police (IGP)
Deputy Inspector-General of Police (DIGP)
Commissioner of Police (CP)
Deputy Commissioner of Police (DCP)
Senior Assistant Commissioner of Police I (SAC I)
Senior Assistant Commissioner of Police II (SAC II)
Assistant Commissioner of Police (ACP)
Superintendents
Superintendent of Police (SP)
Deputy Superintendent of Police (DSP)
Assistant Superintendent of Police (ASP)
Non-gazetted Officers
Inspectors
Chief Inspector (C/Insp)
Inspector (Insp)
Probationary Inspector (P/Insp)
Rank In File Officers
Subordinate Officers
Sub-Inspector (SI)
Sergeant Major (SM)
Sergeant (Sgt)
Corporal (Cpl)
Lance Corporal (L/Cpl)
Constable (PC)
 JAPAN
• Commissioner General (Japanese: 警察庁長
官  Keisatsu-chō Chōkan): The Chief of National
Police Agency. The rank outside. 1 capacity.
• Superintendent General ( 警視総監  Keishi-
sōkan): The Chief of Metropolitan Police
Department. 1 capacity.
• Superintendent Supervisor ( 警視監  Keishi-kan):
Deputy Commissioner General, Deputy
Superintendent General, The Chief of Regional
Police Bureau, The Chief of Prefectural Police
Headquarters, others. 38 capacity.
• Chief Superintendent ( 警視長  Keishi-chō): The
Chief of Prefectural Police Headquarters.
• Senior Superintendent ( 警視正  Keishi-sei): The
Chief of Police Station.
• Superintendent ( 警視  Keishi): The Chief of
Police Station.
• Police Inspector or Captain ( 警部  Keibu)
• Assistant Police Inspector or Lieutenant ( 警部
補  Keibu-ho)
• Police Sergeant ( 巡査部長  Junsa-buchō)
• Senior Police Officer or Corporal ( 巡査長  Junsa-
chō): Honorary rank.
• Police officer, old Patrolman ( 巡査  Junsa)
 SWITZERLAND
• General (Gen) Chief Sergeant Major
• Lieutenant General (Lt Gen) Quarter Master Sergeant
• Major General (Maj Gen) Sergeant Major
• Brigadier General (Brig Gen) Sergeant First Class
• Colonel (Col) Sergeant
• Lieutenant Colonel (LTC/Lt Col) Corporal
• Major (Maj) Private First Class
• Specialist Officer Private E-2
• Captain (Capt) Soldier – Private E-1
• First Lieutenant (1 Lt/LFC)
• Second Lieutenant (2 Lt)
• Chief warrant officer (CWO)
• Master warrant officer (MWO)
• Staff warrant officer (SWO)
• Warrant officer (WO)
 HONG KONG
Commissioner of Police (CP)
Deputy Commissioner of Police (DCP)
Senior Assistant Commissioner of Police (SACP)
Assistant Commissioner of Police (ACP)
Chief Superintendent of Police (CSP)
Senior Superintendent of Police (SSP)
Superintendent of Police (SP)
Chief Inspector of Police (CIP) Station Sergeant
(SSGT)
Senior Inspector of Police (SIP) Sergeant (SGT)
Inspector of Police (IP) Senior Constable
(SPC)
Probationary Inspector of Police (PI) Police Constable (PC)
 CANADA
Commissioner 1
Senior Deputy Commissioner 1
Deputy Commissioner 6
Assistant Commissioner 26
Chief Superintendent 56
Superintendent 186
Inspector 433
Corps Sergeant Major 1
Sergeants Major 6
Staff Sergeants Major 16
Staff Sergeants 928
Sergeants 2,090
Corporals 3,570
Constables 11,594 Civilian Members 3,607
Special Constables 74 Public Servants 6,102
 NEW ZEALAND
Rank Military equivalent
Commissioner Lieutenant General
Deputy Commissioner Major General
Assistant Commissioner Brigadier
Superintendent Lieutenant Colonel
Inspector Captain
Senior Sergeant Warrant Officer
Sergeant Sergeant
Senior Constable
Constable Private
Recruit
 SPAIN
Superior Scale
Comisario Principal - Chief Superintendent
Comisario - Superintendent
Executive Scale
Inspector Jefe - Chief Inspector
Inspector
Deputy Inspector Scale
Subinspector - Deputy Inspector/Subinspector
Basic Scale
Official - Corporal
Agente - Constable