The Set of

Real Numbers
Prepared by:
Ms. Jiecel Maedeen Aquino Santos
Real
Numbers
 Real Numbers
In mathematics, a is a
value that represents a quantity along a
continuous line which what you call a
.

-6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Subsets of
Real
Numbers
 Let be the
set of
.

Let be the
set of
.

Natural

∴ N⊂
 Natural Numbers
These are numbers that are used for
counting. The set of number starts with 1.
Ex.
N = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, ...}

-6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Number Line
 Natural Numbers
These are numbers that are used for
counting. The set of number starts with 1.
Ex.
N = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, ...}

-6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Number Line
 Subsets of Real Numbers
Name Description Examples
Natural N = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, ... }
2, 3, 4, 17, 31, 127
Numbers These numbers are used for counting
 List the elements of the
following sets.
1. The set of natural numbers.

N = { 1, 2, 3, 4, ... }
2. A = { x | x < 16, x is a natural number }

A = { 1, 2, 3, 4, ... 15 }
3. B = { x | 13 < x < 17, x is a natural number }

B = { 14, 15, 16 }
 Let be
set of
.

Whole ∴N ⊂ W
N⊂
U
W⊂
Natural
U
 Whole Numbers
are also natural
numbers that are formed by adding zero(0)
to the set.
Ex.
W = { 0, 1, 2, 3,
4, 5, 6, ...}

-6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Number Line
 Whole Numbers
are also natural
numbers that are formed by adding zero(0)
to the set.
Ex.
W = { 0, 1, 2, 3,
4, 5, 6, ...}

-6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 1 2 3 4 5 6
Number Line
 Subsets of Real Numbers
Name Description Examples
Natural N = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, ... }
2, 3, 4, 17, 31, 127
Numbers These numbers are used for counting
W = { 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, ... }
Whole
These numbers are formed by adding 0 to 0, 2, 3, 4, 17, 31,
Numbers 127
the set of natural numbers.
 List the elements of the
following sets.
1. The set of whole numbers.

W = { 0, 1, 2, 3, ... }
2. A = { x | x < 99, x is a whole number}

A = { 0, 1, 2, 3, ... 98 }
3. B = { x | x ≤ 5, x is a whole number}
B = { 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 }
 Let be
the set of
.
Integers

Whole
∴ NN⊂⊂WI
N⊂
Natural U
W⊂I
W⊂
U
I⊂
U
 Integers
They are formed by adding the of
the natural numbers to the set of whole
numbers.
Ex.
I = {…, -4, -3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4,
…}

1 2 3 4 5 6
Number Line
 Subsets of Real Numbers
Name Description Examples
Natural N = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, ... }
2, 3, 5, 8, 17
Numbers These numbers are used for counting
W = { 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, ... }
Whole
These numbers are formed by adding 0 to 0, 2, 3, 5, 8, 17
Numbers
the set of natural numbers.
I = { ... , -4, -3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, ... }
They are formed by adding the negatives of -19, -8, -5, -3, -2, 0,
Integers the natural number to the set of whole 2, 3, 5, 8, 17
numbers.
 List the elements of the
following sets.
1. The set of integers.

I = { ... , -3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, ... }

2. A = { x | 2 < x < -3, x is an integer }

A={}
3. B = { x | x ≥ -3, x is an integer }
B = { -3, -2, -1, 0, 1 ... }
 Let be
the set of
Rational Numbers
.
N⊂W Q⊂
Integers
∴ U N⊂I
N⊂Q
Whole N⊂U

W⊂I
W⊂
Q W
⊂U
Natural I⊂
Q I
 Rational Number
The set of
is the set of all
numbers which can be
expressed in the formed:
𝑎
Where a and b are
,b≠0 𝑏
The decimal representation of a rational
number or .
 Rational Number
Example 2:
The set of
i
numbers which
s can be
expressed in the formed: −19
t
𝑎
−5
h
e
𝑏
s b are
Where a and
,e
b≠0
 Rational Number
Example 5:
The set of

−3
i
numbers which can be
s
expressed in the formed:
t
h
𝑎 -3= 1
e
𝑏
Where a sand b are
, eb ≠ 0
 Rational Number
Example 6:
The set of
is the set of all
numbers which can be

3
expressed in the formed:
𝑎
𝑏
9=
Where a and b are
,b≠0
 Rational Number
Example 7:
The set of
is the set of all
numbers which can be

5
expressed in the formed:
𝑎 25=
𝑏
Where a and b are
,b≠0
Take note of
this!
 Rational Number
Example 8:
The set of
is the set of all
numbers which can be
expressed in the formed:
0 5
𝑎 5 0
𝑏
Where a and b are
,b≠0
 Rational Number
The set of
is the set of all
numbers which can be
expressed in the formed:
𝑎
Where a and b are
,b≠0 𝑏
The decimal representation of a rational
number or .
 Rational Number
The set of
is the set of all
numbers which can be
expressed in the formed:
𝑎
Where a and b are
,b≠0 𝑏
The decimal representation of a rational
number or .
 Terminating and
Repeating Decimals

a decimal number that ends with a

remainder of zero. Ex. 1.25, 0.75, 1.5

a decimal number whose answer will have

one or more digits in a pattern that repeats
indefinitely. Ex. 0.33, 0.166, 0.55
 Rational Number
The set of
is the set of all
numbers which can be
expressed in the formed:
𝑎
Where a and b are
,b≠0 𝑏
The decimal representation of a rational
number or .
 Rational Number
Example 9: The set of

3 is the set of all numbers

which can be expressed in
𝑎

.75 =4
the formed

Where a and b
are
𝑏

Where a and b are ,b≠0

,b≠0

The decimal representation of a rational

number or .
 Rational Number
Example 10: The set of

1 is the set of all numbers

=
which can be expressed in

0.25 the formed

𝑎

4
𝑏
Where a and b
are
, b≠0

The decimal representation of a rational

number or .
 Rational Number
Example 11: The set of

1 is the set of all numbers

which can be expressed in
𝑎

0.5 = 2
the formed

Where a and b
are
𝑏

, b≠0

The decimal representation of a rational

number or .
 Rational Number
Example 12: The set of

3 is the set of all numbers

which can be expressed in
𝑎

1.5 = 2
the formed

Where a and b
are
𝑏

, b≠0

The decimal representation of a rational

number or .
 Rational Number
Example 13: The set of

1 is the set of all numbers

0.33 =
which can be expressed in
𝑎
the formed

3
𝑏
Where a and b
are
, b≠0

The decimal representation of a rational

number or .
 Rational Number
Example 14: The set of

2 is the set of all numbers

0.66 =
which can be expressed in
𝑎
the formed
𝑏
3 Where a and b
are
, b≠0

The decimal representation of a rational

number or .
 Rational Number
Example 15: The set of

1 is the set of all numbers

1.66 =
which can be expressed in
𝑎
the formed

6
𝑏
Where a and b
are
, b≠0

The decimal representation of a rational

number or .
 Rational Numbers
More examples of rational numbers
1
1. 4 =
4
1
6. -0.5 =−2
2. −27 10
-27= 1 7. 100 = 1
3. −9
-9 = 1 13
8. 169 = 1
4. −32 345
-32 = 1
9. 345 = 1
1 10. 0 = 0
5. 0.25 = 4 1
Plot the approximate location on the number
line of the following rational numbers.

4
1. 1 = 4

-6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Number Line
Plot the approximate location on the number
line of the following rational numbers.

−27
2. 1 = -27

-29 -28 -27 -26 -25 -24 -23 -22 -21 -20 -19 -18 -17

Number Line
Plot the approximate location on the number
line of the following rational numbers.

0
3. 1 =0

-6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Number Line
Plot the approximate location on the number
line of the following rational numbers.

4. 36 = 6

-6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Number Line
Plot the approximate location on the number
line of the following rational numbers.

5. 4 = 2

-6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Number Line
Plot the approximate location on the number
line of the following rational numbers.

−3
6. 4 = -0.75

-6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Number Line
Plot the approximate location on the number
line of the following rational numbers.

7
7. 4 = 1.75

-6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Number Line
Plot the approximate location on the number
line of the following rational numbers.

−5
8. 3 = -1.66

-6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Number Line
Plot the approximate location on the number
line of the following rational numbers.

−5
9. =1
−5

-6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Number Line
Plot the approximate location on the number
line of the following rational numbers.

9
10. 0 = Undefined and it is not
a rational number.

-6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Number Line
 Subsets of Real Numbers
Name Description Examples
N = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, ... }
Natural Numbers 2, 3, 5, 8, 17
These numbers are used for counting
W = { 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, ... }
Whole Numbers These numbers are formed by adding 0 to the set 0, 2, 3, 5, 8, 17
of natural numbers.
I = { ... , -4, -3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, ... }
-19, -8, -5, -3, -2, 0, 2,
Integers They are formed by adding the negatives of the
3, 5, 8, 17
natural number to the set of whole numbers.

The set of rational numbers is the set of all

numbers which can be expressed in the formed
Rational 𝑎
, where a and b are integers, b ≠ 0. The -19, -8, -5, -3, -2, 0, 2,
𝑏 3, 5, 8, 17
Numbers decimal representation of a rational number
either terminates or repeats
 Let be the
set of
Rational Numbers Irrational Numbers

N⊂W Q⊂
∴
Integers
U N⊂I
N⊂Q P⊂
Whole U
N⊂U
W⊂I
Natural
W⊂
Q W
⊂U
I⊂
Q I
 Irrational Number
The set of is the set of
numbers whose decimal representations are
nor .

These numbers
expressed as
be 𝑎
a

𝑏
.
 Irrational Number
Notice that:

3, 37, 13, 2
These numbers are not perfect squares. Their
equivalent decimals are
nor and cannot be expressed quotient of
integers.
Therefore, we can say that numbers that are
can be considered as
.
 Irrational Number
And for the last example:

𝜋= 3.14159265358979323846
26433832795

is also considered as an
for its decimal representation are
or and it cannot be
expressed .
as
 Subsets of Real Numbers
Name Description Examples
N = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, ... }
Natural Numbers 2, 3, 5, 8, 17
These numbers are used for counting
W = { 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, ... }
Whole Numbers These numbers are formed by adding 0 to the set 0, 2, 3, 5, 8, 17
of natural numbers.
I = { ... , -4, -3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, ... }
-19, -8, -5, -3, -2, 0, 2,
Integers They are formed by adding the negatives of the
3, 5, 8, 17
natural number to the set of whole numbers.

The set of rational numbers is the set of all

numbers which can be expressed in the formed -19=−19, -8=−8, -5=−8,
1 1
Rational 𝑎
, where a and b are integers, b ≠ 0. The 1
𝑏 -3, -2, 0, 2, 3, 5, 8, 17,
Numbers decimal representation of a rational number 3
= 0.6, −2=-0.666
either terminates or repeats 5 3

The set of irrational numbers is the set of

numbers whose decimal representations are - 2 = 1.414214
Irrational neither terminating nor repeating. These 3 = 1.73205
numbers cannot be expressed as a quotient of Π = 3.1416
Numbers integers.
Rational Numbers Irrational Numbers

Integers

Whole

Natural
Check the set(s) to which each
number belongs.
−3
Set -12 21 0 5 3.45
7
Natural Numbers

Whole Numbers

Integers

Rational Numbers

Irrational Numbers

Real Numbers
Thank You! 
Prepared by:
Ms. Jiecel Maedeen Aquino Santos