The structure of an Atom

I S H A A L S I K A N D E R
What is an atom?
• An atom is the smallest component of an element and the building blocks of all matter

• It is characterized by sharing of the chemical properties of the element and a nucleus with
neutrons, protons, and electrons.
Daltons atomic theory
• Dalton worked on two elements, oxygen and carbon.

• From this he made two gasses one by using 1 particle of carbon connected with one of
oxygen.

• Then next he combined one particle of carbon with two particles of oxygen.

• From these experiments he put together his theory.

Daltons atomic theory
continued...
• His theory stated:

• All matter is composed of tiny particles called

atoms.

• Atoms cannot be divided up into smaller particles

and cannot be destroyed.

• Atoms of an element all have the same mass and

property.

• Atoms combine in simple whole numbers when

they form compounds.

• This theory helped the scientists of the time but it

is not correct as we shall see.
The plum pudding theory
• This another theory on atoms by J.J Thomson's.

• He was the one who wondered if the atom has mass

there has to be something In it.

• This fact helped him discover his theory.

• His theory stated that an atom is made up of electrons

where the pudding is a substance that holds the plums
which are the electrons.

• In this theory the pudding is positively charged.

Ruther Fords atomic model
• Ruther ford studied and worked on radioactive elements.

• He discovered that an atom has a positively charged atoms with negatively charged
particles surrounding it.

• He was also the one who discovered protons.

 The structure of
an atom 
T H E R E I S A N U C L E U S W I T H P R O T O N S
A N D N E U T R O N S S U R R O U N D E D W I T H
A N E L E C T R O N S H E L L .
The first 20 elements