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Protein Synthesis: Teresia Okarina
Protein Synthesis: Teresia Okarina
Protein Synthesis: Teresia Okarina
Teresia Okarina
Protein Synthesis
However, the information in the mRNA is not used for long-term storage
and can be freely carried out of the nucleus. Moreover, although the
mRNA contains the same information, it is not an identical copy of the
DNA segment because the sequence completes the DNA template.
Transcription Proces
The transcription process is carried out by enzymes called
RNA polymerases and a group of proteins called
transcription factors. Transcription factors can bind to
specific DNA sequences, called sequence enhancers and
promoters, to recruit RNA polymerase to the appropriate
transcription site.
Elongation
In the elongation process, the RNA moves along the DNA and
untwists the DNA double helix so that an elongated RNA molecule
is formed.
Transcription Proces
Termination
The transcription process will continue until the RNA polymerase
transcribes a DNA sequence called a terminator. This is a sequence
that serves as a signal for the transcription process to be stopped.
After the mRNA strand is completely synthesized, transcription is
stopped and the mRNA is separated from the DNA template. The
newly formed mRNA copy of the gene will leave the nucleus and
serve as a blueprint for protein synthesis during the translation
process.
Translation Proces
The next sequence of protein synthesis is translation, which is the
process of protein synthesis from the information contained in the
mRNA molecule. During the translation process, the mRNA
sequence is read using the genetic code.
The genetic code is a set of rules that determine how the mRNA
sequence is translated into a 20 letter amino acid code. These
amino acid molecules are the building blocks for protein synthesis.
Translation Proces
The genetic code consists of a set of three-letter nucleotide
combinations called codons. Each of these codons will correspond
to a specific type of amino acid, or to a stop signal at the end of
the process.
Termination
After the ribosome reaches the last codon or stop codon that
serves as a stop signal (UAA, UAG, and UGA), termination
occurs. This is because no tRNA molecule can recognize this
codon, and the ribosome will stop the translation process.
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