Scenario of Indian

Aquaculture and Fisheries

Prof. R. S. CHAUHAN
(Former Director Fisheries, Uttarakhand)
Department of Aquaculture
College of Fisheries
G. B. Pant University of Agriculture & Technology
Pantnagar-263 149, Uttaranchal
BASICS OF AQUACULTURE – Definition

Aquaculture is the farming of aquatic

organisms including fish, mollusks,
crustaceans and aquatic plants. Farming
implies some form of intervention in the
rearing process to enhance production, such
as regular stocking, feeding, protection from
predators, etc.. Farming also implies
individual or corporate ownership of the stock
being cultivated. ( As per FAO)
 Thus aquaculture is underwater
agriculture or aquafarming. More simply
Aquafarming is propagation of aquatic
organisms in controlled, semi controlled
or simulated conditions.
 Indian fisheries
Global position 3rd in Fisheries
2nd in Aquaculture

Contribution of fisheries to GDP (%) 1.07

(Rs. 34,758 crore)
Contribution to agricultural GDP (%) 5.84

Per capita fish availability (kg) 9.0

Annual export earnings 7,200

(Rs. in crore)
Employment in sector (million) 14.0
 Aquatic Resources
Coastline 8118 kms
Exclusive economic zone 2.02 million sq. km
Rivers and canals 1,97,024 km
Reservoirs 3.15 million ha
Ponds and tanks 2.35 million ha
Oxbow lakes and derelict 1.3 million ha
waters
Brackish water 1.24 million ha
Estuaries 0.29 million ha
 Fish facts
Fish production 6.57 mt 7.6 (prov.)
Marine: 2.82 3.1(prov.)
Inland: 3.75 4.5(prov.)
Fish seed production 22615 million fry
Hatcheries 1,070
FFDA 429
BFDA 39
 Disposition of fish catch-
India,2005
Fresh 82.79
Frozen 5.98
Cured 5.26
Canned 0.36
Reduction 4.47
Miscellaneous 1.14
Total 100.00
 Prospective fish production by 2020 AD
Resources Production possibilities (mmt)
Riverine 3.00
Reservoirs 3.00
Freshwater aquaculture 4.50
Brackishwater aquaculture
Shrimp 0.35
Finfish 0.25
Mollusc, weeds 0.10
Mariculture 2.00
Marine fisheries 4.00
International water fishing 1.00
Total 18.20 million tonnes
 National scenario-General
 India is home for more than 10% of global fish
diversity.

 Ranks third in the total world fish production

 Aquaculture growth rate of over 6%

 India trades to the extent of 2.4% in the global

fish market.
Different segments of fisheries
 Marine capture fisheries
 Mariculture
 Coastal aquaculture
 Inland capture fisheries
 Fresh water aquaculture
 Coldwater fisheries and aquaculture
 Fish processing and post harvest
technology
 Trade
Major cultivated groups in India
Freshwater Carps, catfishes, murrels,
trouts, prawns, crayfishes,
mussels, frogs, plants.
Brackishwater Milkfish, mullets, shrimps
Marine water Lobsters, crabs, oysters,
clams, seaweeds
General trends in Global Aquaculture
 Aquaculture is developing, expanding and
intensifying in almost all regions of world, except
Sub-Sahara Africa.
 Global demand for aquatic food products is
increasing
 Global, production from capture fisheries has
leveled off and most of main fishing areas have
reached their maximum.
 There is increasing emphasis on enhanced
enforcement of regulations and better
governance of the sector.
Share of major fish producing countries
in the world (%)
Rank Country Share (%)
1 China 33.8
2 Peru 6.9
3 India 4.3
4 Indonesia 4.2
5 Chile 4.0
6 USA 4.0
7 Japan 3.7
8 Thailand 2.9
9 Norway 2.2
10 Russia 2.2
11 Vietnam 2.2
12 Philippines 1.9
13 Bangladesh 1.5
14 Rep. of Korea 1.4
15 Iceland 1.2
16 Mexico 1.1
17 Argentina 1.1
18 Taiwan 0.9
19 Spain 0.8
20 Denmark 0.8
21 Other countries 18.9
Total 100
 Global production of culture finfish
and shellfish by environment
Environment Million Tons Value (Billion $)

Freshwater 11.74 (63%) 15.97 (48%)

Brackish water 1.51 (8.0%) 7.56 (22%)

Marine water 5.30 (29%) 10.00 (30%)

Per capita fish consumption in major
countries
 Maldives 190.5
 Samoa 92.7
 Kiribati 76.6
 Japan 66.8
 Malaysia 58.4
 China 25.5
 India 4.7