Organic Chemistry II

“Carboxylic Acids”

DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY
FACULTY OF MATHEMATICS AND NATURAL SCIENCES
UNIVERSITY OF RIAU
PEKANBARU
2020
Introduction
Common Names
IUPAC Names
Names of Unsaturated and
Cycloalkanecarboxylic acids
Names of aromatic acids
Names of dicarboxylic acids
IUPAC Names of dicarboxylic acids
Problem 1
Problem 2
Physical Properties of Carboxylic acids
Physical Properties of dicarboxylic acids
Acidity of Carboxylic acids
Substituent Effect on Acidity
Problem 3
Commercial Source
Synthesis of Carboxylic Acids
From Primary Alcohol
From Alkene
From Alkyne
From Alkyl Benzene
Carboxylation with Grignard Reagent
Hydrolysis of Nitriles
The Haloform Reaction
From Malonic Ester
Problem 4
Reactions of Carboxylic Acids
Reaction with Base
Nuchleophilic Acyl Substitution
Reaction with Alcohols:
Fischer Eserification
Mechanism:
Aldehyde vs Acid
Esterification using Diazomethane
Mechanism:
 Reaction with Amines:
Direct Synthesis of Amides
Reaction with SOCl2:
Synthesis Acyl Halide
Mechanism:
Reduction with LiAlH4
to Primary Alcohol
Selective Reduction with Borane
to Primary Alcohol
Reduction to Aldehyde
Alkylation of Carboxylic Acids
Synthesis and Use of Acid Chlorides
Synthesis of Esters via Acid Chloride
Synthesis of Amides via Acid Chloride
Synthesis of Anhydride via Acid Chloride
Problem 5
Problem 6
Problem 7