Characteristics of SDGs

• High penetration of renewable DER generation

• Decentralized microgrid capable of islanding from main grid.
• Bi-directional power and communication flow
• Increased consumer engagement
However, large scale adoption of DERs also cause unintended issues
within power systems and slow their penetration rate.
• Overvoltage due to high penetration of solar
• EV charging exceeds feeder limits
• Feeder congestion o Most DERs are owned by the end users, not by DNOs
o End users are now prosumers
• Power losses o Objectives of DNOs and prosumers are not the same always.
• End of DNOs control
Curtail excessive PV Maximize total
production so as to revenue from rooftop
mitigate over voltage PV generation