Monitors

Chapter 15
 Objectives - I
 Identify the types of monitors
 Identify the features of the monitor
 Explain monitor settings
 Install the monitor
 Test the monitor
 Identify the features of the video adapter

Chapter 15 Slide 2 of 22
 Objectives - II
 List the components of the video adapter
 List the video adapter standards
 Install the video adapter
 Troubleshoot the monitor
 Troubleshoot the video adapter

Chapter 15 Slide 3 of 22
 Types of Monitors
 Output device that displays information

Types of monitors

Cathode Ray Tube Monitor Liquid Crystal Display TFT Monitors

Chapter 15 Slide 4 of 22
 Cathode Ray Tube Monitor (CRT)
 Displays images with colors that are consistent and can be
viewed comfortably from different angles

Types of CRT

Monochrome Monitor Grayscale Monitor Color Monitor

Chapter 15 Slide 5 of 22
 Liquid Crystal Display Monitor

 Thin and use little space

 Reduce eyestrain as the whole image is
drawn at once on the LCD screen
 Available for desktop use

Chapter 15 Slide 6 of 22
 TFT Monitors

 Uses Thin-Film Transistor technology

 Separate tiny transistor is used for each
pixel on the display
 Allows faster re-drawing of the image

Chapter 15 Slide 7 of 22
 Features of the Monitor
 Size – Specifies the length of the monitor in
inches and measured diagonally
 Resolution – Specifies the number of pixels
 Antiglare Screen – Used to reduce the glare and
eye strain.

Chapter 15 Slide 8 of 22
 Monitor Settings - I
 Brightness – Changes the amount of light in an
image
 Contrast – Specifies the difference between the
lighter and the darker colors
 Horizontal Size – Increases and decreases the size
of the horizontally displayed image
 Vertical Size – Increases and decreases the size of
the vertically displayed image

Chapter 15 Slide 9 of 22
 Monitor Settings - II
 Horizontal position – Moves the displayed image
to the right and left directions on the screen
 Vertical position – Moves the displayed image up
and down on the screen
 Degauss – Removes the magnetism from the
monitor and restores the displayed picture
 Language – Modifies the setting name and
description on the screen
 Corner/Trapezoid correction – Corrects the
distortion in the displayed image
Chapter 15 Slide 10 of 22
 Installing and Testing the Monitor
 Attach signal cable to the system and power
cord to the power outlet.
 POST checks for the proper working of the
monitor
 POST also check if the monitor is receiving
input from the system

Chapter 15 Slide 11 of 22
 Video Adapters
 Display both 2-Dimensional and 3-
Dimensional images
 Working of the Video Adapters

Chapter 15 Slide 12 of 22
 Components of Video Adapter

Components

Video BIOS Video Processor Video RAM RAMDAC

Chapter 15 Slide 13 of 22
 Standards of Video Adapter
Standard Resolution

Video Graphics Array (VGA) 640 x 480

Super VGA (SVGA) 800 x 600

Extended Graphics Array (XGA) 1024 x 768

Super XGA (SXGA) 1280 x 1024

Ultra XGA (UXGA) 1600 x 1200

Chapter 15 Slide 14 of 22
 Troubleshooting Monitor - I
 Problems in displaying the picture on a new
monitor may be caused if the monitor is
defective
 Different types of problems that may occur are:
• Display picture appears too bright or dark
• No display picture on the screen
• Display picture appears wavy or have color patches
• Monitor shows No Signal Output or similar message
• Computer boots but the monitor is blank
• Screen displays a bluish/greenish color
Chapter 15 Slide 15 of 22
 Preventive Maintenance
 Keep the monitor’s surface clean
 Clean the CRT screen with a soft and damp cloth
 Periodically perform vacuum cleaning inside the
case
 Switch off the monitor when not in use for an
extended period

Chapter 15 Slide 16 of 22
 Most Common Problems - I
Problem Cause Solution
Periodic changes in color, Lose connections inside Check the video adapter
brightness, size, or the monitor or the cable connections
position connecting the video
adapter.
Ghosts, shadows, or Occurs with cable Check the cable
streaks adjacent to extensions, excessively connections.
vertical edges in the long cables, cheap or low
picture standard video cables
Electromagnetic Nearby equipment like Locate and place the
Interference (EMI) monitors or power lines sources of magnetic
fields away from CRT.
Degauss the CRT
Chapter 15 Slide 17 of 22
 Most Common Problems - II
Problem Cause
Wiring transmitted Noisy AC power occurs
interference due to other equipment
using electric motors e.g.,
vacuum cleaners, lamp
dimmers or motor speed
controls, fluorescent
lamps, and other high
power devices, may
result in a variety of
effects
Monitor not locking on Fault in the video source
one or more video scan or monitor dealing with
ranges the sync signals
Chapter 15
Solution
Plugging the monitor
into another outlet or
the use of a line filter
may help. If possible,
replace or repair the
offending device
Correct the settings of
video adapter.
Slide 18 of 22
 Most Common Problems -III

Problem Cause Solution

Adjustments needed for Aging CRT reduces Needs adjustments
background brightness brightness through the menus
or focus that are provided on
the monitor panel
Dead monitor due to Bad connections, Change the blown
power supply problems blown fuse or other fuse, Check
component component if
damaged.

Chapter 15 Slide 19 of 22
 Summary - I
 The monitor is an output device.
 Monochrome monitors displays images on the screen
using only one color.
 Gray-scale monitors display images on the screen
using different shades of gray.
 Color monitors display images in a variety of colors.
 CRT monitor is an economical monitor used in most
systems.
 LCD monitors are thin and they use little space.
Chapter 15 Slide 20 of 22
 Summary - II
 Monitors can have a portrait or a landscape orientation.
 Pixels are the tiny dots that make up an image on the
monitor.
 The resolution specifies the number of pixels that the
monitor screen can display.
 The monitor settings enable you to adjust the monitor
display settings.
 You can install the monitor by connecting it to the
system.
Chapter 15 Slide 21 of 22
 Summary - III
 The video adapter sends the images from the system
to the monitor.
 The video adapter has the Video BIOS, Video
processor, Video RAM, and RAMDAC.
 The video adapter standards specify the resolution
and the colors that the video adapter uses to draw the
display image to the monitor.
 The video adapter is installed on the system
motherboard.
Chapter 15 Slide 22 of 22