CAUGHT IN BETWEEN:

MODERN AND
CONTEMPORARY ART
 “
In everyday language, the terms
“modern” and “contemporary” are
often used interchangeably. In the
context of art, however, they
designate two distinct moments in
art history. There are specific
definitions for both terms, and these
definitions will help us to establish
an understanding of the images and
themes that emerge in both styles of
art.

2
Modern Art
 Modern art is a term that signifies
the philosophy and style of the
artworks produced during the 1860-
1970 era.
 This art broke with convention,
dealt with new subject matter,
focused on conceptual concerns,
and changed the position of the
artist within society.
Modern Art
 The main objective of Modern art
was to set aside the traditions of
the past and put more emphasis on
experimentation with a new
perspective of seeing the world.
 Many styles of art developed during
the modern period, including
impressionism, fauvism, cubism,
expressionism, surrealism, pop art,
op art, art nouveau, and art deco.
HOW MODERN ART USHERED A NEW
ERA IN THE WORLD OF ART?
 The Modernism movement
introduced many fresh concepts in
the world of art. All of a sudden
many artists started exploring
dreams, symbolism, and personal
iconography as their signature.
Modern artists also experimented
with the expressive use of color,
non-traditional materials and
mediums.
 Contemporary Art

 Simple and straightforward

 The term “contemporary art” is
generally regarded as referring to
work made between 1970 and the
present.

6
 Contemporary Art
The year 1970 is the cutoff point for two reasons:

1. The 1970s saw the emergence of "postmodernism". The affix

was a clue that whatever followed was segregated from
its precursor.
2. The 1970s saw the decline of the clearer identified
artistic movement.

7
Contemporary Art
 It also implies art that is made by
living artists, but essentially
contemporary art is seen as
something that has never been
done before
 It emphasizes a rejection of the
commercialization of the art
world, but it is often connected
to the contemporary consumer-
Contemporary Art
 The Contemporary Art era is
known to produce more
experimental works and tackles
a wider variety of social,
economic and political issues. It
made art as a whole to reflect
the current issues that hound
our world today, such as racism,
globalization, third-world
 WHAT DO MODERN AND CONTEMPORARY ART
HAVE IN COMMON?

• Modern and contemporary art build on

existing subject matter, themes that artists
have incorporated into their work for ages.
However, changes in the world, new
developments in art technologies, a revised
conception of art materials, and an expanding
view of the definition of “art” have changed
the images artists create and the art forms
artists choose to use

10
 CONTEMPORARY ARTS

Napoleon Leading the Army over “Pictures of Garbage,” by Vik The Weather Project by Olafur
the Alps by Kehinde Wiley Muniz Eliasson

11
 CONTEMPORARY ARTS

Gray Ground by Ronald Ventura

Isla Hubad by Neil Pasilan

12
 MODERN ARTS

Country Road in Provence by At the Moulin Rouge: Two The Large Bathers by Paul Cézanne
Night by Vincent Van Gogh Women Waltzing by Henri de
Toulouse-Lautrec

13
 MODERN ARTS

Models (Les Poseuses) by Georges Seurat Spirit of the Dead

Watching by Paul Gauguin

14
 ABSTRACT EXPRESSIONISM
 Broad movement in American painting that
began in the late 1940s and became a
dominant trend in Western painting during
the 1950s. The most prominent American
Abstract Expressionist painters were
Jackson Pollock, Willem de Kooning,
Franz Kline, and Mark Rothko.
 It is the term applied to new forms of
abstract art.

15
SOCIAL CONTEXT: IN BETWEEN
MODERN AND CONTEMPORARY
ART
SOCIAL CONTEXT: IN BETWEEN MODERN AND
CONTEMPORARY ART
 Modern art refers to the period
that began in the 1880s and that
lasted until the 1960s.
 Artists like Van Gogh and Manet are
credited with revolutionizing the
art in the 1880s and giving a new
realm to it.
 They emphasized on the subjective
representation of subjects rather
than focusing on realism that was
SOCIAL CONTEXT: IN BETWEEN MODERN AND
CONTEMPORARY ART

 Modern art focused on surrealism

rather than depicted life as
perceived by the church or the
influential in society.
 It lasted for an entire century.
SOCIAL CONTEXT: IN BETWEEN MODERN AND
CONTEMPORARY ART

 Contemporary art can be said to be

the art that was developed after
the 1960s and is still emerging.
 Contemporary art is one created by
artists who are still living. The late
1900s saw major social, political, and
cultural reformations across the
world which had greatly influenced
this art form.
SOCIAL CONTEXT: IN BETWEEN MODERN AND
CONTEMPORARY ART

 Every topic of relevant significance

like globalization, global warming,
human rights, environmental
destruction were reflected in the
contemporary arts.
 It is the art of today. it is defined by
the artist’s ability to innovate and
bring out a modern masterpiece
SOCIAL CONTEXT: IN BETWEEN MODERN AND
CONTEMPORARY ART

 There was no rigid form in

contemporary art, but some rigid
forms could be seen in modern art
 Contemporary art has some social
impact. Moreover, contemporary
artists had significant freedom and
liberty to experiment with all
styles.
 ABSTRACT
EXPRESSIONISM
 Broad movement in American painting
that began in the late 1940s and
became a dominant trend in Western
painting during the 1950s. The most
prominent American Abstract
Expressionist painters were Jackson
Pollock, Willem de Kooning, Franz
Kline, and Mark Rothko.
 it is the term applied to new forms of
22
abstract art.
 TWO MAJOR STYLE FROM ABSTRACT
EXPRESIONISM
Action painting
Color fields

23
Action painting
 Jackson Pollock and Willem De
Kooning who focused on an
intensely expressive style of
gestural painting
 It used a style that involved
streaks and overlapping lines of
paint which implied movement in
the artwork.
 Action painting

Winter color in beef by Jackson Pollock

25
 Action painting

Autumn rhythm by Jackson Pollock

Woman VI by Willem de Kooning

26
Colour-field painting
 Mark Rothko, Barnett
Newman and Clyfford Still,
who were concerned with
reflection and mood.
 It focused on color and
contrast.
 Colour-field paintings

Baby is three by Robyn Denny

28
 Colour-field paintings

Painting by Richard Smith Drought by Kenneth Noland

29
OPTICAL ART
 is a form of abstract art
(specifically non-objective art)
which relies on optical illusions
in order to fool the eye of the
viewer.
 It is also called optical art or
retinal art.
 It relates to geometric designs
that create feelings of movement
 OPTICAL ART

By Victor Vasarely By Bridget Riley

31
 OPTICAL ART
By Jesus Soto

32
 OPTICAL ART
By Guenther Uecker

33
 OPTICAL ART
By Enrico Castellani

34
 OPTICAL ART
By Carlos Cruz-Diez

35
KINETIC ART
 is art from any medium that
contains movement perceivable by
the viewer or depends on motion
for its effect
 kinetic art is a term that today
most often refers to three-
dimensional sculptures and figures
such as mobiles that move
naturally or are machine
 KINETIC ART
By Naum Gabo

“Linear Construction No.2”

“Constructed Torso”
37
 KINETIC ART
By Alexander Calder

“Pyramid”
“Circles and Waves”

38
 KINETIC ART
By Jean Tinguely

39
 KINETIC ART
By Theo Jansen

“Strand Bees”
40
MINIMALISM
 also sometimes referred to as ABC
art, Cool art, Literalist art,
Object art, and Primary Structure
art
 emerging in a coherent form in New
York during the 1960s
MINIMALISM
 it was a major movement of post
modernist art, specifically a style
of abstract painting or sculpture
characterized by extreme simplicity
of form: in effect a type of visual art
reduced to the essentials of
geometric abstraction.
 Minimalism

Untitled #4 (1977) by Agnes Martin Wall structure blue (1962) by Sol

Le Witt

43
 Minimalism
Box with the sound of its
own making (1961) by
Robert Morris

Untitled (Stack) by Donald Judd

144 aluminum square (1967) by Dan Andre
44
POP ART
 distinctive genre of art that
first “popped” up in post-war
Britain and America.
 the pieces produced by Pop
artists in the 1950s and 1960s
commented on
contemporaneous life and
events.
POP ART
 it is popular (designed for a mass
audience), transienr (short-term
solution), expandable (easily
forgotten), low cost, mass
produced, young (aimed at youth),
witty, sexy, gimmicky, glamorous,
big business.
 Pop art

Gold Marilyn Monroe (1962) by

Andy Warhol

47
Pop art
Great American Nude #21 (1961) by
Tom Wesselman

Great American Nude #21 (1961) by

Tom Wesselman

House of fire (1981) by James Rosenquist

 Pop art

Popeye (1961) by Roy Lichtenstein

View (1960) by Ed Ruscha

49
POST MODERNISM
 the most pertinent movement tjat solidfied
the move to contemporary arts
 asociated with scepticism, irony and
philosophical critiques of the concepts of
universal truths and objective reality.
 it embraces many different approaches to
art making, and may be said to begin with
pop art in the 1960s and to embrace much of
what followed including conceptual art,
neo-expressionism, feminist art, and the
Young British Artists of the 1990s.
POST MODERNISM
 the most pertinent movement tjat solidfied
the move to contemporary arts
 There are several characteristics which
lend art to being postmodern; these
include bricolage, the use of text
prominently as the central artistic
element, collage, simplification,
appropriation, performance art, the
recycling of past styles and themes in a
modern-day context, as well as the break-
up of the barrier between fine and high
 Post MODERNISM

10 Marylins, 1967 by Andy Warhol

52
 Post Modernism

La Trahison Des Images (The Treason of President Elect, 1961 by James Rosenquist
Images, "This is not a pipe"), 1929 by Rene
Magrite

53
OTHER CONTEMPORARY
ART MOVEMENT
 NEO-POP ART
⬗ During the 1980s there was a revival
of interest in Pop Art - a
phenomenon known as Neo-Pop (or
"Shock Pop-Art").
⬗ Is a postmodern art movement of
the 1980s. The term refers to artists
influenced by pop art and pop
culture imagery.But remember not
to overload your slides with
55
content.
 NEO-POP ART
⬗ Neo-Pop Art is more of a repetition.
⬗ Thus Neo-Pop artists continue to
employ "readymades" and pre-
existing items in their worksand also
rely heavily on celebrity icons like
Michael Jackson, Madonna, Britney
Spears, Paris Hilton, and so on.

56
 The leading exponent of Neo-Pop is Jeff Koons
Iconic works of Neo-Pop, both by Jeff Koons, include:

"Michael Jackson and Bubbles" (1988) "Puppy" (1992)

- sold in 1991 for $5.6 million

57
 List of Neo-Pop Art Works
 Keith Haring

Radiant Baby (c.1980) Street art image, Crack is Wack (1986) mural, Harlem,
New York. New York.

58
 List of Neo-Pop Art Works
 David Wojnarowicz

Water (1987) Mixed-media work. Death of American Spirituality (1987)

Mixed-media work.

59
 List of Neo-Pop Art Works
 Yasumasa Morimura

Portrait Twin (1988

Portrait Twin (1988)

60
 List of Neo-Pop Art Works
 Matthew Barney

Cremaster 1: Goodyear Chorus (1995

Cremaster 4 (1994)

61
List of Neo-Pop Art Works
 Katharina Fritsch

Rat-King (1993)
Mann und Maus / Man and Mouse (1991-92)

Pistol (2006)

62
 List of Neo-Pop Art Works
 Daniel Edwards

Monument to Pro-Life: The Birth of Sean

Preston (Britney Spears) (2006)

63
 List of Neo-Pop Art Works
 Daniel Edwards
Paris Hilton Autopsy (2007)

Bust of Hillary Rodham Clinton (2006)

Prince Harry Dead in Iraq
War Memorial (2007

64
 PHOTOREALISM
⬗ The term "photorealism", "photo-
realism" or "photographic
realism", describes a style of
highly detailed 20th century
realist painting in which the
artist attempts to replicate an
image from a photograph in all its
microscopic exactness. As a
movement, photorealism,
sometimes also referred to as
65
 PHOTOREALISM
 Most photorealist painters work directly from
photographs or digital computer images - either by
using traditional grid techniques, or by projecting
colour slide imagery onto the canvas.
 The aim is to recreate the same sharpness of
detail throughout the painting.

66
 Two of the known photorealist artists are:
 Chuck Close
• (b.1940), who specializes in gigantic-
scale pictures of expressionless
faces

Big Nude (1967)

67
 Two of the known photorealist artists are:
 Chuck Close
• (b.1940), who specializes in gigantic-
scale pictures of expressionless
faces

Big Self-Portrait (1967-68)

68
 Two of the known photorealist artists are:
 Gerhard Richter
• German painter (b.1932)

Mund (Mouth)(Brigitte Bardot's Lips) (1963) Erschossener 1 (Man Shot Down 1) (1988)

69
CONCEPTUALISM
⬗ Modern form of contemporary art
which gives priority to an idea
presented by visual means that are
themselves secondary to the idea.
⬗ Conceptual art, while having no
intrinsic financial value, can deliver
a powerful message, and thus has
served as a vehicle for socio-
political comment, as well as a
broad challenge to the tradition of
a 'work
70
of art' being a crafted
CONCEPTUALISM
⬗ The ideas behind this form of visual art were
explored by Marcel Duchamp (1887-1968), the so-
called father of Conceptual Art, although the
term was first used by Edward Kienholz (1927-94), in
the late 1950s.
⬗ Conceptual Art is all about "ideas and meanings"
rather than "works of art" (paintings, sculptures,
other precious objects).
71
CONCEPTUALISM

The first quintessential conceptual artwork was Erased

de Kooning Drawing (1953) by Robert Rauschenberg
(1925-2008)

72
 Some of the major conceptual artists are:

 Jenny Holzer
 Damien Hirst
 Ai Wei Wei.

73
 )

Some of the major conceptual artists are:

 Jenny Holzer

Untitled Guggenheim Museum Installation (1989)

74
 )

Some of the major conceptual artists are:

 Jenny Holzer

Untitled Guggenheim Museum

Installation (1989)

75
 )

Some of the major conceptual artists are:

 Damien Hirst

With Dead Head (1991)

76
)

Some of the major conceptual artists are:

 Damien Hirst

In and Out of Love (White Paintings and Live Butterflies)

(1991)

77
PERFORMANCE ART

78
 PERFORMANCE ART
 Artworks that are created
through actions performed by
the artist or other
participants, which may be
live or recorded, spontaneous
or scripted

79
PERFORMANCE ART
 Related to conceptual art
 Well known artists:
 Marina Abramovic
 Yoko Ono
 Beuys

 Began in 1960s, and instead of being concerned with

entertaining its audience, the HEART of the artwork is its
IDEA or MESSAGE.
 PERFORMANCE ART
 MARINA ABRAMOVIC

 Born on November 30, 1946

  Serbian performance artist, writer, and art film maker
 known for her vanguard performance pieces that use her body both as
subject and vehicle
  became known for staging a work of performance art, called
“Rhythm O”

81
 Marina Abramovic, 1974
RHYTHM O

82
 Marina Abramovic, 2002/2005/2010
Nude with Skeleton

83
 PERFORMANCE ART
 YOKO ONO
 Yoko Ono Lennon
 born February 18, 1933, Tokyo, Japan
 Japanese artist and musician who was an influential
practitioner of conceptual and performance art in the
1960s.
 known for her avant-garde and expressive oeuvres

84
 Yoko Ono,1964,
Cut Piece

Yoko Ono, 1964

BAG PIECE

85
 PERFORMANCE ART
 BEUYS
 German-born artist active in Europe and the United States from the
1950s through the early 1980s.
 associated with that era's international, Conceptual
art and Fluxus movements.
 German avant-garde sculptor and performance artist whose works,
characterized by unorthodox materials and ritualistic activity, stirred
much controversy.

86
 Beuys, 1965
How to Explain Pictures to a
Dead Hare

Beuys, 1971
Feet Washing

87
INSTALLATION ART

88
 INSTALLATION ART
 relatively new genre of 
contemporary art - practiced by an
increasing number
of postmodernist-artist - which
involves the configuration or
"installation" of objects in a
space, such as a room or
warehouse. The resulting
arrangement of material and space
comprises the "artwork".

89
 INSTALLATION ART
 Kind of an immersive work where
the environment or the space in
which the viewer steps into or
interacts with is transformed or
altered.
 Usually large-scale
 It makes use of a host of objects,
materials, conditions, and even
the light and aural components.
 Site-specific, temporary or
ephemeral in nature
90
 INSTALLATION ART
WELL KNOWN ARTISTS:
- Allan Kaprow
- Yayoi Kusama
- Dale Chinuly

91
 Chip Lord, Hudson Marquez
and Doug Michels, 1974
Cadillac Ranch

92
 INSTALLATION ART
 ALLAN KAPROW
 American Performance Artist and Theoretician
 August 23, 1927
 was a pivotal figure in the shifting art world of the 1960s;
his ”happenings” a form of spontaneous, non-linear
action, revolutionized the practice of Performance art.
 forefather of today’s installations and performance artists

93
 Allan Kaprow , (1967),
Yard

Allan Kaprow, 1962

Words

94
 INSTALLATION ART
 YAY O I K U S A M A
 born March 22, 1929, Matsumoto, Japan
 Japanese artist who was a self-described “obsessional
artist,” known for her extensive use of polka dots and for
her infinity installations
 She employed painting, sculpture, performance art, and
installations in a variety of styles, including Pop art and
minimalism.

95
 Yayoi Kusama, 1965
Infinity Mirror Room—Phalli’s
Field

Yayoi Kusama, 2009,

Aftermath of Obliteration
of Eternity

96
 INSTALLATION ART
 D A L E C H I H U LY
 best-known artist associated with the post–World War II
studio crafts movement
 Born 20 September 1941

97
 Dale Chihuly, 2011,
Aqua Blue and Amber Chandelier

Dale Chihuly, 2010

Float Boat, The Sun, and Red Reeds
98
 EARTH ART

99
 EARTH ART
 “Land Art”, when the natural
environment is transformed by
artist.
 Kind of human intervention into
a specific landscape or terrain.
 Different form environmental art

100
 EARTH ART
WELL KNOWN ARTISTS:
 Robert Smithson
 Christo
 Andy Goldsworthy
 Jeanne-Claude

101
 EARTH ART
 R O B E RT S M I T H S O N
 American artist known for sculpture and land art who often used
drawing and photography in relation to the spatial arts.
 Born January 2, 1938
 His large-scale sculptures, called Earthworks, engaged directly with
nature and were created by moving and constructing with vast
amounts of soil and rocks

102
 Robert Smithson, 1970
Spiral Jetty

Robert Smithson
Broken Circle/Spiral Hill

103
 EARTH ART
 C H R I S TO
 Christo Javacheff
 Bulgarian-American Sculptor, Photographer, and
Conceptual Artist
 Born June 13, 1935

104
 EARTH ART
 JEANNE-CLAUDE
 Jeanne-Claude de Guillebon
 born June 13, 1935, Casablanca, Morocco
 environmental sculptors noted for their controversial
outdoor sculptures that often involved monumental
displays of fabrics and plastics.

105
 Christo and Jean
Claude, (1968-1969)
Wrapped Coast

Christo, and Jeanne-

Claude, 1972
California Dreamin’

106
 EARTH ART
 RICHARD LONG
 British Sculptor and Land Artist
 Born June 2, 1945

107
 Richard Long, 1967
A Line Made by Walking

108
 EARTH ART
 A N D Y G O L D S W O RT H Y
 Born July 26, 1956
 British sculptor, photographer and environmentalist who
produces site-specific sculptures and land art situated in
natural and urban settings.

109
 Andy Goldsworthy, 1989
Touching North

Andy Goldsworthy, March 4, 2014

Hedge crawl, dawn, frost, cold hands,
Sinderby, England,

110
 STREET ART

111
 STREET ART
 Related to graffiti art as it is
a by-product of the rise of
graffiti in the 1980s.
 Artworks are informed by the
illustrative, painterly, and
print techniques and even a
variety of media.

112
 EXAMPLES:

STICKER
MURALS

INSTALLATIONS STENCIL IMAGE

113
 STREET ART
WELL KNOWN ARTISTS:
 Michel Basquiat
 Keith Haring
 Shepard Fairey
 Bansky
 Gordon Matta-Clark
 Jenny Holzer
 Kruger
114
 MICHEL BASQUIAT

Untitled (Boxer)

115
 KEITH HARING

Houston Bowery Wall, 1982

116
 SHEPARD FAIREY

“American Dreamers”
117
 BANSKY

Rage, the Flower Thrower (2005

118
 THANK YOU
FOR
LISTENING

119