History of Pharmacy In India

Snakes have been used for worship, magic potions and,

medicine, and they have been the symbol of love, health,
disease, medicine, pharmacy, immortality, death and
even wisdom

statues of Asclepius (God of Medicine)(made of two

snakes and a staff), and his daughter Hygeia (God of
Health), holding a snake and bowl
MYTHOLOGY

Lord brahma was the first teacher of universe who

wrote “Ayurveda” (Science of life) in 5000 BC.
 IOD
PE R
ED IC
V

 Lord Dhanwantris worshipped as “God of Health” holding

the amrut (nector) in his hand.

 Righveda described the various herbs used in treating

numerous diseases.

 Charaka and Sushrata spread the massage of Ayurveda in

ancient India.
 E R I OD
R IC P
-H ISTO
PRE  BC 226-Hospital concept in the period of Great Ashoka was
well developed and practiced in India.

 900 AD- Tamilnadu (Tirumakku dal village) discovered

organized hospital activity in India treating diseases like
piles, jaundice, dropsy, TB, hemorrhage, etc.

 1000 AD- All the medical works were made on the Charaka
pattern of treatment of diseases

 Europe was influenced by Indian drugs and herbs in 1500

century.

 Portuguese physician cum teacher Garcia d aorta published

a treatise: “Cologuious dos stroples a drogus da indica”
describing various Indian herbs in 1563.

 First general hospital was set up in Chennai in 1664.

 Chennai medical college started at Chennai in 1835 and

Calcutta Medical College, Calcutta in 1936.
 E RA
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ND E
E PE
- IN D
PR E  The western or the so-called Allopathic system came into India with the British traders who later become the rulers.
 The history of pharmacy profession or practice in India starts with opening of chemist shop in 1811 by Scotch M
Bathgate opened in Kolkata. This was probably the beginning of pharmacy practice in India.

 Goa medical college, started at Panjim, Goa in 1840. Bengal dispensary and pharmacopoeia-Vol 1 published from
Calcutta, Editor Prof, WBO Shaugh Neesy, 1841.

 Starting of regular two years course for “Chemists and Druggists Diploma” at MMC, Chennai in 1874. Opium act
implanted in 1878.

 Pharmacy education pattern was based on the instructions provided by the pharmaceutical society of Great Britain.
A formal training of the compounders was started in 1881 in Bengal.

 1901: Establishment of the Bengal Chemical and Pharmaceutical Works, Calcutta by Acharya P.C. Ray. 1903: A small
factory at Parel (Bombay) by Prof. T.K. Gujjar.

 1907: Alembic Chemical Works at Baroda by Prof. T.K. Gujjar.

 The pioneer organization in the true sense of “Qualified pharmacists” was formed by the Chemists & Druggists of
Chennai region in 1923 under the banner of the Pharmaceutical Association

 Government of India on 11th August 1930, appointed a committee under the chairmanship of Late Col.
R.N.Chopra to see into the problems of Pharmacy in India and recommend the measures to be taken.

 Inclusion of pharmaceutical chemistry as a subject course at degree at Banaras Hindu University (BHU), Varanasi-
great vision od Late Pt. Madan Mohan Malviya, 1932

 The first pharmaceutical society with education platform and view emerged in November 1935 under the banner
of BHU Pharmaceutical Society which acted as a nucleus for the emergence of an All India Association – United
Provinces Pharmaceutical Association (UPPA) registered in December 1935 but the name UPPA was soon replaced
with Indian Pharmaceutical Association (IPA) in 1936 and first All India Pharmaceutical Conference was held at
Banaras in January 1941.

 Regular degree course (B.Pharm) started at BHU under the leadership of Prof. M.L. Shroff- “The Father of Indian
Pharmacy” education in India- 1937-38 session

 In 1940 Prof. Schroff introduced M.Pharm at BHU, Varanasi & PhD degree in Pharmaceutical Sciences is started in
1945 at BHU

 Subhadra Kumar Patni became the first Pharmacy Graduate in India in 1940 &
 E RA
NCE
ND E
D E PE
N
PO ST I 1948: Indian Pharmacopoeial Committee was constituted under the chairmanship of late Dr. B.N. Ghosh.
 The Pharmacy Council of India was established in the year 1949

 The Pharmacy Act passed in 1948- Constitution of Pharmacy Council of India (PCI) and framing of Education
Regulations (ER) under section 19 0f the Act.

 First Diploma in Pharmacy education institute started at Jalpaiguri, 1949 at West Bengal.

 Education Regulation of PCI laid down Diploma of Pharmacy (D.Pharm) as the minimum qualification to enter into
the profession of pharmacy in India-1953.

 Sheovihari Lal became the first PhD holder in Pharmacy field, obtaining his Doctorate degree from University of
Patna (Patna Medical College) under the guidance of Dr Achari, Department of Pharmacology, 1953.

 1955: First Edition of Indian Pharmacopoeia was published.

 Master of Pharmacy syllabus was drafted by AICTE in 1960.

 Second Edition of Indian Pharmacopoeia released in 1966.

 Fifth Edition of Indian Pharmacopoeia was published in 2007.

 The Pharmacy Council of India (PCI), The Indian Pharmaceutical Association (IPA) and leaders of pharmacy
profession have undertaken several initiatives including the rolling out of the Charter of Pharma Vision 2020,
released by His Excellency Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam, during 55th IPC 2003 at Chennai
Indian Pharmaceutical
Industry
 In 1901, a small factory known as the “Bengal Chemical and Pharmaceutical Works” was established in
Calcutta. Before that, the country was dependent largely on the United Kingdom, France and Germany
for its requirements of drugs and medicines.

 The first public sector pharmaceutical company “Hindustan Antibiotics Ltd” was established with the
help of the WTO, UNICEF in the year 1954.

 In western India, T. K. Gajjar and R.B.D. Amin by establishing the “Gajjar chemicals” and “Alembic
chemicals

 During 1950, there were 65 domestic pharmaceutical units in India, while foreign units were 28 in
number. In 1952, about 1,643 licenses were issued under the Drug Act.

 In 1989, the number had increased to 12,000. Of these, only 1,554 were manufacturing units.

 In 1952, total investment in the pharmaceutical industry was only Rs. 24 crores which increased to Rs.
1,175 corers in 1984-85.

 India accounts for 20 per cent of global exports in generics

 Market size of Indian pharmaceuticals : USD36.7 billion in 2016

Pharmacy as career
 MEDICINES

Allopathy medicines Ayurvedic medicines

Biotechnology medicines
Unani Medicines 13
Homeopathy medicines
Injections Capsule Tablet

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COSMETICS
OTC
(Over The
Counter)

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Pillars of Pharmaceutical Sciences:

• Pharmaceutical Chemistry
• Pharmaceutics
• Pharmacology
• Pharmacognosy
• Pharmaceutical Analysis

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 Drug Regulatory Affairs
INTERNATIONAL
United state of food and drug administration(USFDA)
 
 World Health Organization (WHO)
 
INDIA
  Government of India Directory of Health and Family Welfare
Drug controller general of India(DCGI)
 Ministry of Health and Family Welfare

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 SCOPE OF
PHARMACY

Pharmaceutical
Industry is BIG

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 Opportunity
Horizons

JOB (B.Pharm/M.Pharm)
•Government Organizations BUSINESS (B.Pharm)
•Pharma Industries
• Own Industry
•Hospital Pharmacists
• Own Distribution
•Research Institutes
•Food & Cosmetic Industries Agency or Pharmacy
•Clinical Pharmacy Shop
•Clinical research org.
•Community Pharmacy
•Pharma Marketing
•Academic jobs (Teaching) 19
INDUSTRIAL PHARMACY

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 Pharma Industry

R&D Production Marketing

Formulation Tablet Sales Promotion
Quality Assurance Capsule Sales executive

Quality Control Injection Product

development
Bioanalytical Cosmetics Manager
Biotechnology Nutraceuticals
Pharmacology
Drug Discovery
Technology Transfer
Regulatory division
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CLINICAL RESEARCH

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 Great potential for testing new drugs

• Indian Pharma graduates have a key role in developing new drugs in

both PRE-CLINIAL and CLINICAL TRAILS for treating critical

diseases and for ensuring safety and efficacy for patients before

release into market.

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 Key role as COMMUNITY PHARMACIST

Evaluates a patient's drug-related needs

● Determine whether the patient has any actual or potential drug-

related problems,

● Works with the patient and other healthcare professionals to

design, implement and monitor a therapeutic plan that
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will resolve/prevent the problem
ORGANIZATION & HEALTH
MANAGEMENT

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HOSPITAL PHARMACY

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 PHARMACIST IN GOVERNMENT SERVICE

• Pharmacist in Army, Navy, Air force & Govt. Hospitals

• Drug Inspectors –Govt of INDIA and State level

• Scientists- Food and Drugs,I.P, ICMR,CIMAP,IICT-laboratories

• Govt.University Proffesors and HODs

• Oppurtunity to be Selected in UPSC and State Public Service Commissions.

• Goverment Analysts and Forensic Scientists

• Research on tropical diseases, Public health

• Govt.Certified Pharmacologist &Toxicologist

• Govt. Approved Chemist

• Consultants ( Mental health,Addiction, family planning, poisons, self-medication, immunization)

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Higher Education
(After B.Pharm.)

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In India,
M. Pharm.(GPAT) M.B.A. (CAT) M.S (GPAT)
(7 Branches)
Pharmaceutics Pharma Management NIPER
Medicinal Finance BITS-Pilani
Chemistry
Regulatory Affairs Marketing
Pharmacology
Pharmacognosy
Quality Analysis &
Assurance
Pharma.Biotech

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Abroad, opportunities…
M.S M.B.A PhD and
(Pharma). Post Doc
GRE-USA GMAT Research
TOEFL-USA, UK TOEFL-USA, work in
UK various
IELTS- IELTS- Universities
AUS,CANADA,UK, AUS,CANAD and
A UK,NZ Organizations
NEW ZEALAND
Work as registered Pharmacist in
Middle East and in Gulf .

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ADVANTAGE INDIA, bright futute for Pharmacy Graduates….

• Slowing Chinese Economy and Exports, an opportunity for Indian Pharma.

• Government policy for MAKE IN INDIA,SKILLED YOUTH programs

• Competent work force with English in basic education

• Cost-effective Clinical trials, Chemical synthesis pipeline for new chemical entities.

• Strong Legal and financial frame work -IPR

• Vibrant Information & Technology of data analytics

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