Participle

• Present Participle
• Past Participle
• She is singing
• She likes singing
• Singing can help you releasing yourself from
stress feeling
 The uses of Present Participle
1. Present Participle is used for the omission of Relative
Pronoun
The ship which goes to Ocean must be registered at
International Maritime Organization
The ship going to Ocean must .........
The airplane which carries cargo may not take passengers.
The airplane carrying cargo may not ........
Ten victims who have been taken to hospital died before
reaching the hospital
Ten victims having been taken to hospital died before reaching
 The Uses ......... (2)
2. Present participle is used for an action which
is younger than the others.
He woke up and crying / He woke up crying
He went out slamming the door
The defendant explained everything crying
He glanced at me smiling
1. Present Participle as ADJECTIVE
Smiling General
Soeharto is famous as a smiling general
The General smiling at me will be candidate
president
Floating restaurant
There are quite a few floating restaurants in
west Java
Making process
a decision-making process
law-making treaty
racing car
frying banana
 Participle as adjective
• a swimming suit
• Today, many 5 star hotels do not apply the
rule of swimming suit.
• Every diver must wear diving equipment.
• a pair of snorkling glasses
• that praying mat
• an ocean-going fleet
 Past Participle as Adjective
• injured shoppers
– All injured shoppers claim compensation from the
management of plaza.
– The management of plaza gives compensation to
all injured shoppers
• very injured shoppers
• light injured shoppers
• drunken master
• drawn paper
• fried banana
• sworn translator
• spilt milk
– It's no use crying over spilt milk.
• polluted river
• cleaned river
• written constitution
• broken heart
• broken bamboo
• signed contract
• The Plaza Management will be responsible for
the costs of healing the injured shoppers
• The injured shoppers will sue the plaza
management
• The shoppers injured in that fire reported the
mispractice of management to the police.
• The shoppers, who were injured, were taken
to hospital
• missed call
• Look at your phone, there are three missed
calls
• the calls, which were missed, came from a
burglar
• corrected papers
• The papers which were corrected must be
submitted to the Dean
• The papers corrected must be submitted to
the Dean
 The uses of Past Participle
1. Past Participle is used to replace the relative
pronoun
1. The merchandises which are dumped can be
charged with anti-dumping tax.
1. The merchandises dumped ............
2. The properties which are seized must be return
to the victims of crime.
1. The properties seized must be returnt to the VoC.
I regard the dispute-solving
mechanism in the Arbitration Act
cause injury to the local business people
man-eating man
International convention implementing-
legislation
court is based on the procedural law.
a dispute-solving mechanism in the Arbitration
Act puts aside the competency of the state court
• eating man
• vegetable-eating man
• man-eating man
• ocean-going ship
• dangerous waste-carrying ship
• nuclear-generating power
• water-generating power
 Physical Perception Verbs
see, hear, fell, taste, watch

• I saw her crying

• I watch the apples falling one by one
• I hear babies crying
• I watch them growing
1. In the Ozone Convention, the rarifying
state is not allowed to trade the
ozone-eating substances with the non-
ratifying state
Based on International law, a state
must prevent foreign workers –
employing companies to practice
salary discrimination.
In the Diplomatic and Consular
Conventions, the receiving state is
obliged to give protection to the
diplomatic agent of the
sending state.
Advising bank must obtain a consent
from the Issuing bank before paying
the money to the third party.
Leasing agreement
leasing company
borrowing agreement
leasee
leasor
payer
payee
payment
 Past Participle
• fried banana
• stolen car
Past Participle
The court permits the use of the stolen car by
the victim
Any disputed land is strictly forbidden to be
sold.
The EEZ is a kind of a sovereigned right under
international law of the sea. Cosequently, Any
land-locked country has the legal right to catch
fish in the economic exclssive zone of any
coastal state.
foreign fisherman-catched fish
• developed country
• developing country
• least-developed country
• land-locked country
• custom-seized products
• first lady-sewed flag
 Kegunaan Lain dari Present Participle
• Present Participle dapat digunakan untuk mengekspresikan dua
perbuatan yang terjadi pada waktu yang hampir bersamaan, tetapi ada
perbuatan yg lebih dahulu dan yang kemudian. Perbuatan yang terjadi
kemudian harus mempergunakan present participle
• Examples:
1. He went out, slamming the door.
2. She got up, walking toward the street.
3. She answered my question, smiling sweetly
4. He got out of the car, shooting a few people in the sidewalk
5. He fired his cigarette, saying to me : “I am really tired”.
6. She waved to me, saying: “I am gonna miss you.”
7. He got out of the car, shot in all a sudden by unknown man.
8. He turned on the light, shocked by the presence of a naked woman. As a matter
of fact, she was his neighhbor who lost her sanity
 Contoh Kegunaan kedua
1. Because my sister is still sick, she can not join us.
Being sick, my sister can not join us.
2. Because my sister has an extra class, she can not attend our party.
Having an extra class, my sister can not attend our party
3. I have to sell my motor bike because I don't have money to pay my
tuition fee.
Having no money to pay my tuition fee, I have to sell my motor bike.
4. Since jonathan has been convicted for a corruption, he lost his political
right.
Having been convicted for a corruption, Jonathan lost his political right
5. For he was short, he was not accepted in the military academy.
Being short, he was not accepted in the military academy.
 Exercises
1. Being thirsty, that grand mother picked Ali's manggo
without permission.
2. Not knowing the way home, he called the Police for help.
3. Not attending the Police summon three times, he was
detended by the Police.
4. Not having parents, she registered at an orphan's house. .
5. Not having motor bike, she goes to campus by bike.
6. Not having handphone, he borrows mine.
7. Having served 2/3 (two third) of punishment, Ali has right
for a parole.
8. Having lived in that house for more than 20 years, Tania has
the right for moving money from the owner.
 Present & Past Participle
Sbg Pengganti Because, Since dan For

• I came late because I overslept.

– Oversleeping, I came late.
• I cannot live without you for you are part of my soul.
• I cannot live without you for I am part of your soul.
– Being part of your soul, I can not live without you.
• The ship sank since it struck iceberg.
– Striking iceberg, the ship sank.
• Since she has read the book many times, She can explain every detail
of the story.
– Having read the book many times, She can explain every detail of
the story.
• Having rained hard in Bogor, Jakarta got massive flood.
• Having gone through two third of the imprisonment, Buyuang Atuiak
had the right for a conditional probation.
• He did not come to
• He did not come to the party because he was
not invited.
• Not invited, he did not come to the party.
• Having operated the patient, dr. Sukanda
deserves a payment.
• Buried without an autopsy, the corpse was
dug out by the Court.
• If I have got the money, I will have bought you
an apartment
• I will elaborate a few cases Which deal with
environmental corruption
• I will elaborate a few cases dealing with
environmental corruption
• He wants to hire Indonesian lawyer who
masters Minangkabau Adat Law.
• Several causal factors which are presumed to
stop the damage to coral reef are as follows