Progress Meeting

24 November 2021
th
Adland Bagus Pradana (s4631815)
Findings From Literature Study Assignment
1. Several grid’s battery based devices
a. power inverter
b. Virtual Inertia (VR)
c. Virtual Rotor (VR)
d. Virtual Synchronous Generator (VSG)
i. VISMA
ii. Kawasaki Heavy Industries (KHI)
iii. Synchronverter
e. Electric Spring (ES)
f. Dynamic Voltage Restorer (DVR)
g. Static Compensator (STATCOM)

2. Charged EV potentially replace batteries existence for all devices

above
Virtual System Family
Findings From Literature Study Assignment
(cont…)
1. There are several battery models
a. Simple
b. Thevenin (mostly used)
c. DP-model

2. There are several bidirectional charging dynamic model

a. Simple (zero order)
b. R-L (first order)
3. Most of studies only consider single-area system through MATLAB
Battery Model (1)
• Integration of Vehicle-to-Grid in
the Western Danish Power
System
• Pillai, Jayakrishnan Radhakrishna
; Bak-Jensen, Birgitte
• IEEE transactions on sustainable
energy, 2011
• Suggested by Dr. Diaz
Battery Model (2)
• Dynamic modelling of battery
energy storage system and
application to power system
stability
• C.-F. Lu 1 ; C.-C. Liu ; C.-J. Wu
• Paper from 1995 and
accommodate frequency and
voltage regulation
Battery Model (3)
• Application of Battery Energy
Storage System to load
Frequency Control of An Isolated
Power System
• C.-F. Lu 1 ; C.-C. Liu ; C.-J. Wu
• S. K. Aditya and D. Das
• Cited in by paper Dr. Diaz, Dr,
Mithulan and Dr. Awan
Battery Model (4)
• Life Cycle Estimation of Battery
Energy Storage Systems for
Primary Frequency Regulation
• Natascia Andrenacci, Elio
Chiodo, Davide Lauria and Fabio
Mottola
 Big Topic

“Study of Ancillary-Services
Provided by Electric-Vehicle”
Mind Map
Virtual Inertia Modelling In Modern Power
System
Substitute Virtual Inertia with EV
Parameters
1. Gain of Int. cont., Ks (s) : 0.1 11. Time const. of solar, TPV (s) : 1.9
2. Gov. time const., Tg (s) : 0.07 12. A batt. storage cap. (MWh) : 360
3. Turbine time const., Tt (s) : 0.37 13. V2G storage rating (MW) : 90
4. Gov. droop const., R (Hz/p.u.):2.6 14. V2G storage voltage (V) : 375
5. Bias fact., β (p.u./Hz) : 0.98
15. Initial SoC (%) : 50
6. Virt. inert. const., KVI (p.u. s): 0.6
16. Battery time const. (s): 1
7. Virt. damp const., DVI (p.u./Hz) : 0.3
17. Series resistance, R series (ohm) :
8. Virt. inert. cont. droop, RVI (Hz/p.u.): 2.7 0.013 ohm
9. Time const. of inverter TINV (s): 1.0
18. Transient capacitance, Ct(F) : 1
10. Time const. of wind, T WT (s): 1.4
19. Transient resistance, Rt(ohm) : 0.001
Effect of Battery Gain (K=0.02, 0.01, 0)
Effect of Inertia (H & D = 100%, 70%, 40%)
Effect of SoC (75%, 50%, 25%)
Effect of PI/PID Controller
Only Control Virtual Inertia (Not Virtual
Rotor)
Controller
Next Plan
1. Investigation of EV as virtual inertia without controller (done)
2. Investigation of EV as virtual inertia with PI/PID (done)
3. Investigation of EV as virtual inertia with PD as Dr. Diaz advises (on progress)
4. Investigation of EV as virtual inertia with MPC (on progress)
5. Investigation of EV as virtual inertia with Fuzzy (on progress)
6. Investigation of EV as virtual inertia with Robust Controller (on progress)
7. Install DIgSILENT (done)
8. DIgSILENT Simulation & Programming Language (on progress)
9. Draft Paper with Dr. Diaz after REIT 9000
Discussions
1. There is should be difference between static battery and mobile
battery (EV)
a. Low SoC and lumped during day
b. High SoC and scattered during night
2. There is model of battery which its parameters changes depends on
SoC, but the effect will be minimal for dynamic stability and little bit
more for small signal stability (hypothesis)
3. Many studies simplify dynamic of sub system become 1st order. May
be some interesting result will occur without simplification
(hypothesis)