This document provides an overview of the Linux operating system. It defines what an operating system is and its main functions. It then describes key aspects of Linux, including that it allows multiple users and tasks simultaneously, has a file system with directories, and includes development tools and applications. The document also explains the structure of Linux, with the kernel interacting with hardware and managing resources, and describes security, logging in, and the file system organization.
This document provides an overview of the Linux operating system. It defines what an operating system is and its main functions. It then describes key aspects of Linux, including that it allows multiple users and tasks simultaneously, has a file system with directories, and includes development tools and applications. The document also explains the structure of Linux, with the kernel interacting with hardware and managing resources, and describes security, logging in, and the file system organization.
This document provides an overview of the Linux operating system. It defines what an operating system is and its main functions. It then describes key aspects of Linux, including that it allows multiple users and tasks simultaneously, has a file system with directories, and includes development tools and applications. The document also explains the structure of Linux, with the kernel interacting with hardware and managing resources, and describes security, logging in, and the file system organization.
important part of the computer. It is a software program designed to act as an interface between a user and the computer. It controls the hardware, manages system resources and supervises interaction between the system and its users. Functions of OS • As a peripherals Manager: The OS manages the devices attached to its system. Inputs from the keyboard are taken as commands by the computer. The result of a command is sent to the printer or to the monitor as output. This task of accepting the input and producing the output is managed by the OS. This is called peripheral Management. About the Linux • The Linux operating system has many unique features. • Kernel programming Interface: The kernel is the heart of the operating system, responsible for controlling the resources and scheduling user jobs in such a manner that each user gets equal share of system resources. All the programs interact with the kernel through the system calls, which are special functions. About Linux Many users at a time: A multi-user operating system allows many users to access all the system resources almost simultaneously. Many tasks at a time: Linux is fully protected multitasking operating system. It allows a user to run more than one job at a time. The processes can communicate with each other and also protected from one another. About Linux File system: The Linux file system provides a file structure where files are arranged under a directory. Linux is rich in its software development environment. Many computer languages have interpreters and compilers. The languages that are available for Linux include Ada, Pascal, Lisp, Fortran etc. Structure of Linux DBMS, Word processor, Mail &Message Shells and utilities Linux Kernel Hardware Kernel Kernel forms the core of the LINUX operating system. This interacts with the hardware. It is loader into the memory when a system is booted. Its functions are Managing the system resources. Allocating time for different users and processes. Deciding process priorities and performing them Tools and Applications LINUX supports business applications oriented packages like word processors, Electronic spreadsheets, databases etc. which makes it a favorite among operating systems, used in offices. Security The process of entering into the LINUX system is called Login. It can also be called a sign on, log on etc. The complementary process of this is log out, log off, sign off respectively. This login is given to user by the system Administrator. It offers system security to user files through passwords. The password should be entered in lower case only, since It is case sensitive. File system in Linux Linux treats all information as files. They are stored in hierarchical order and are grouped together. The Linux file system is also called a tree. This consists of a set of connected files. /bin directory contains the executable file. /etc directory contains maintenance & admi /lib directory contains all library functions. /dev directory stores related to the devices. /user directory is created for each user to have private work area. /tmp where temporary files are kept.