SOUND CARD

A PROJCET SUBMITTED TO
UNIVERSITY OF MUMBAI FOR PARTIAL COMPLETION OF THE
OF
BACHELOR IN COMMERCE (ACCOUNTING AND FINANCE)
UNDER THE FACULTY OF COMMERCE
BY
MOKAL ANAMEEKA CHANDRASEN
UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF
PRATHAMESH SIR (ASST PROFESSOR)
CHANGU KANA THAKUR ARTS,COMMERCE AND SCIENCE COLLEGE
NEW PANVEL
2019-2020
 INRODUCTION

• The voices in your computer made possible by the sound card.

• The sound card is responsible for bringing the world if sound and
music to life on the PC.
• Sound is a relatively new capability for PCs.
 ANATOMY OF SOUND CARD
• A digital signal processor (DSP) that handles most computations.
• A digital to analog converter (DAC) for audio leaving the computer.
• An analog-to-digital converter (ADC) for audio coming into the
computer.
• Read-only memory (ROM) or Flash memory for storing data.
• Musical instrument digital interface (MIDI) for connecting to external
music equipment.
• A game port for connecting a joystick or game pad.
 IMPORTANT FEATURES
• 3D Audio: 3D audio is a new technology that causes audio to basically
“project” into three dimensions, causing the sound to feel like it is
surrounding you. For certain gamers this can make the experience
more impressive.
• Digital Audio Connection: As discussed in the section on optical
drives, a cable normally connects the CD or DVD drive to the sound
card to allow playing CD audio through the PC. This is an analog
connection.
• Sub-Woofer Speakers: If you really want to “feel your bass”, look for
a set of speakers that includes a sub-woofer.
 How a Soundcard Works
1. A soundcard receives a sound
in analog signal, sometimes
more than one signal at a time.
3. A ROM chip, or in newer designs,
rewritable memory, contains the
instructions for handling the digital
signal.
2. The signals go to an analog-to-
digital converter (ADC) chip where
the chip changes the analog signal to
digital data (0’s and 1’s).
4. The ADC sends the binary
information to a chip, called a
digital signal processor
(DSP).
 Soundcard (cont.)
5. The DSP sends the compressed data to
the PC’s main processor, which in turn
sends the data to a hard drive to be
stored, typically as a .WAV or .MP3 file.
. and sends it to the DSP.
7. The DSP decompresses the data on
the fly and sends it to a digital-to-analog
converter chip, which translates the
digital information to a constantly
wavering electrical current
6. To play a recorded sound, the CPU
fetches the file containing the
compressed signal replication of the
sound from a hard drive or CD-ROM,
8. The analog current is amplified; then the
stronger current powers an electromagnet
that’s part of the speaker, causing the
speaker's cone to vibrate, recreating the
sound.
SOUND CARD MAY BE CONNECTED TO:

• Headphone
• Amplified speakers
• An analog input source
• Microphone
• Radio
• Tape deck
• CD player
• CD-ROM drive
• DAT
• CD- recordable (CD-R)
 TECHNOLOGIES USED IN SOUND
CARD
Frequency Modulation:
The first widespread technology to be used in sound cards was Frequency
Modulation, or FM, which was developed in the early 1970s by Dr. John Chowning
of Stanford University. FM synthesizers produce sound by generating a pure sine
wave, known as a carrier, and mi it with a second waveform, known as a modulator.
Advantage:
-it is in expensive to implement.
Disadvantage:
-FM synthesis cannot quite duplicate real world sound.
 MIDI
• Whereas some types of sounds are straightforward recordings, such as
those contained in .
• WAV files, musical instrument digital interface (MIDI) sound was
developed to conserve disk space by saving only instructions on how
to play music on electronic versions of various musical instruments,
not recording the actual sounds.
• Many musicians use MIDI to compose music on a computer.
 Choosing a soundcard
When choosing a soundcard you should consider the following:
• MIDI support to ensure the sounds often found in games and
presentation packages can be generated.
• FM Synthesis to produce MIDI sound.
• Sound Blaster compatibility ensures that the sound card will work with
most programs and operating systems.
• Sampling size and rate of a sound card determine the quality of the
sound produced. 16-bit sampling size and a 44.1 kHz sampling rate are
good.
 Choosing a soundcard
(cont.)

• Full-duplex sound cards can send and receive sounds at the same
time, allowing conversation over the Internet.
• Multi-speaker capability can support up to five speakers, which
can enhance the sound capabilities of the computer.
 Colour codes
Colour Pantone Function Connector Symbol
Analog microphone
Pink 701C
 audio input
3.5 mm minijack A microphone

Analog line level audio
Light blue 284C
input
3.5 mm minijack An arrow going into a circle

Analog line level audio

output for the main
Arrow going out one side of a
Lime 577C stereo signal (front 3.5 mm minijack
circle into a wave
speakers or
headphones)

Analog line level audio

output for center
Orange 157C
channel speaker and 
3.5 mm minijack
subwoofer
 Analog line level audio
3.5 mm mini
output for surround
Black speakers, typically rear
jack
stereo
Analog line level audio 3.5 mm mini
Silver/Grey 422C output for surround
optional side channels jack
Analog line level audio
3.5 mm mini
output for a special
Brown/Dark 4645C
panning, 'Right-to-left
jack
speaker'
Arrow going out
Gold/Grey Game port / MIDI 15 pin D both sides into
waves
THANK YOU