ADJECTIVES AND ADVERBS

ADJECTIVE
-describes noun
-indicates the size, quantity, shape, duration, feelings, etc.
Beautiful, amazing, colorful, intelligent, hardworking, patient, etc.
The buildings here in Spain are very historical
I have ten candies in my pocket.
 ADJECTIVE
FORMS OF ADJECTIVE -ed and -ing

-ed form is used to talk about how we feel

Example: I was fascinated to see the beautiful scenery
The tour has made me tired but it was worth it.
 ADJECTIVE
FORMS OF ADJECTIVE -ed and -ing

-ing form to describe the things or people that caused the

feelings
Example: Statue of Liberty is fascinating scenery
It was a tiring tour but it was worth it.
 ADVERBS
-give information about verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs.
-tells us how (manner), when (place), how often
(frequency) or how much (intensity).
The girls in the pageant are absolutely stunning.
 ADVERBS
Manner

-are often formed by adding -ly to the adjective form and

usually comes after the verb.
Careful-------carefully Graceful--------gracefully
I plan my trips very carefully.
The girl dances gracefully.
 ADVERBS
Place

-usually comes after the verb.

It was the first time I had been there.
Reddington stayed inside the cage the whole afternoon.
 ADVERBS
Time

-can go at the end or beginning of the clause

-today, tomorrow, since ___, for ___ minutes/ hours, etc.
I had a memorable trip last year.
Last year I had a memorable trip.
 ADVERBS
Frequency

-usually comes before the verb but after be or an auxiliary

verb (am, is, are, was, shall, may, might)
I often travel for my job.
I have always enjoyed my class.
He’s never late.
 ADVERBS
Intensity

-affects the strength of the adjective

Fairly, quite very, extremely, absolutely
Rather, pretty highly, really Completely, totally
Weaker stronger
COMPARATIVE & SUPERLATIVE
ADJECTIVES
 COMPARATIVE ADJECTIVES

- Used to compare two or more person, place or thing

Younger runners will always be faster than older runners.
- We always use than to emphasize then we are comparing
something. But sometimes it can be omitted if obvious
Andre is getting taller. (as compared before)
 SUPERLATIVE ADJECTIVES
- Used to compare one thing in a group with all the others
in that group.
The olympics is probably the most exciting sports event in
the sports calendar.
 COMPARATIVE and SUPERLATIVE FORM
COMPARATIVE
One to two syllable Add -er at the end of the
adjective
Three or more syllables Add more before the adjective
SUPERLATIVE
Add -est at the end of the
adjective
Add most before the adjective

ends in a vowel + consonant, big - bigger big- biggest

double the last letter before hot- hotter hot- hottest
adding
-er or -est (unless it ends in -w) New- newer New- newest

ends in -y, change y to i then add Busy- busier Busy- busiest

-er or -est Easy- easier Easy- easiest
Fancy- fancier Fancy- fanciest
 COMPARATIVE and SUPERLATIVE
FORM (irregular)
ADJECTIVE COMPARATIVE SUPERLATIVE
GOOD better best

BAD/ BADLY worse worst

FAR further furthest
LITTLE less least
WELL better best
OLD elder/older eldest/oldest
MANY more most
COMPARATIVE & SUPERLATIVE
ADVERBS
 COMPARATIVE ADVERBS
- To show change or make comparison
She began to speak more fluently in english
They are working harder now

- We use than in comparative adjectives

She speaks more fluently in english than before
 SUPERLATIVE ADVERBS
- To make comparison for three or more group of
people, place or things
Sara talks the fastest among the group
Barry slept the longest

- We use the before the adjectives but not always

She talks the loudest in the class.
 COMPARATIVE and SUPERLATIVE FORM
COMPARATIVE SUPERLATIVE
Adverbs ending in -ly use more in
comparative and most in
Quietly- more quietly Most quietly
superlative Slowly- more slowly Most slowly

For normal adjectives same

format pplies with the adjectives
Hard- harder Hardest
Fast- faster Fastest
Late- later Latest

Jane works harder than her officemates.

I speak more slowly sometimes so my students will understand me better.
 COMPARATIVE and SUPERLATIVE
FORM (irregular)
ADVERBS COMPARATIVE SUPERLATIVE
BAD/ BADLY worse worst

FAR farther/further farthest/furthest

LITTLE less least

WELL better best

many / much More Most

The little boy ran farther than his friends

You’re driving worse today than yesterday!
 COMPARATIVE ADVERBS INTENSIFIERS

Very Really Extremely much far

A lot A great/good deal A good bit A fair bit Quite a lot

Amazingly exceptionally incredibly remarkably particularly

I forget things much more often these days

The lawyer really behaved awfully in the court
 DEGREE OF COMPARISON
- Much or a lot before an adjective or adverb to emphasize the degree of
comparison
I work much more effectively when I sleep well
This year’s winter is a lot worse than last year
- (not) as+ adjective/ adverb+as to say people are similar in some way
Mario is as clever as his father (similar)
The speaker is not as good as the speaker before him (not similar)
- Comparing nouns (like, the same (as), similar to)
He swims like a fish, The way he talks is like a pro.
My brother loves fast cars
She drives too fast
 The Times is published daily
The Times is a daily newspaper
 As clear as a mud
communication that is not explained well or not very
clear
 As happy as a clam
(as happy as a clam at high water)
Very happy
 The best of both worlds
He won the lottery and got promoted, he got the best of both worlds
The best situation