“EXAMPLE OF CONTENT AND

CONTEXTUAL ANALYSIS,
TYPE OF PRIMARY SOURCE:
IMAGES PAINTING- JUAN LUNA’S
THE PARISIAN LIFE.”
JUAN LUNA
•He was a Filipino painter, sculptor
and a political activist of the
Philippine Revolution during the late
19th Century.
•He was born on October 24, 1857 in
Badoc Ilocos Norte.
•He is the 3rd among seven Children of
a well to do couple Joaquin Luna and
Laureana Novicio.
EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND

• He took the Bachelor of Arts in Ateneo de Municipal and

Marine transportation (sailor) from Escuela Nautica de Manila.
• He took drawing lesson from Lorenzo Guererro and Agustin
Saez.
• He took painting lessons in Escuela de Bellas de San Fernando
(Madrid) but dropped out to work with the painter Alejo Vera .
EXPOSICION NATIONAL DE BALLAS ARTES
• This Exposicion National de Ballas Artes
or what we called the “National Exhibition
Fine Arts” was a regular event that took
place in Spain from 1856 to 1968; usually
in Madrid. The exhibition were in the form
of a competition, established by a Royal
Decree from Queen Isabella II in 1853.
• It was the largest official exhibition of
Spanish Art.
SPOLIARIUM
• Won a gold medal from Madrid Exposition.
THE PARISIAN LIFE

• Won the silver medal at the St. Louis USA exposition.

• In 1883, Luna started the painting “ Blood Compact” to fulfill
his pensionado obligation from Ayuntamiento (Manila
Council).
BLOOD COMPACT
• He also developed a friendship with the King of Spain so
that the Spanish Senate Commissioned the painting…
La Batalla de Lepanto
FAMILY BACKGROUND

• Maria de la Paz Pardo de Tavera

was a Philippine Meztiza and
wife of Filipino painter Juan
Luna.
• They had one son Andres and a
daughter Maria de la Paz who
died when she was 3 years old.
SEPT 16, 1896
• He and his brother Antonio were arrested by Spanish authorities
for beinh involved with the KKK.
IN 1899,..
• He was appointed by the Malolos Republic as a member of
Paris delegation which was working for the diplomatic
recognition of the Republic.
HISTORICAL
BACKGROUND OF
THE PRIMARY
SOURCE
 THE PARISIAN LIFE

• Is also known as Inside a Café.

• It is 1892 oil on canvas painting that measures
22” x 31” which was made in Paris, France.
• Considered to be one of the last major works
Luna has done during his post academic and
life in Paris.
So what is the motive of the painter?...
CONTENT ANALYSIS OF
THE IMPORTANT
HISTORICAL
INFORMATION FOUND
IN THE PAINTING
CONTRIBUTION AND RELEVANCE OF THE DOCUMENT IN UNDERSTANDING THE GRAND NARATIVE PHILIPPINE HISTORY

• Juan Luna was able to convey multitude of message in a very

limited space in an otherwise simple subject.
RELEVANCE OF THE DOCUMENT TO THE
PRESENT TIME
• The significant to this work of art is that it is one of the products of
the genius of Juan Luna.
READINGS 1:

(Travelogue)
Antonio Pigafetta’s
First Voyage Around
the World
FIRST VOYAGE AROUND THE
WORLD by Antonio Pigafetta
ANTONIO PIGAFETTA
• He was born in Vicenza in 1942, and
he was an Italian seafarer and
geographer.
• He traveled with the Portugese explorer
Ferdinand Magellan and his crew by
order of the king Charles I of Spain on
their Voyage around the world.
FIRST VOYAGE AROUND THE WORLD
• The document narrates the events happened on the First
Voyage Around the World led by a Spanish captain-
general named Ferdinand Magellan. This is according to
the point-of-view of Antonio Pigafetta, the first
chronicler who accompanied Magellan in his
circumnavigation of the world.
LANDRONES ISLAND

• Presently known as Marianas

Islands.
• It is located south-southeast of
Japan, west-southwest of Hawai,
north of New Guinea, and east of
Philippines.
MARCH 16, 1521
• Pigafetta reported that they reach the isle of Zamal, now Samar,
but Magellan decided to land in another uninhabited island for
greater security where they could rest for a few days.
• After two days, March 18, nine men came to them and show
joy and eagerness in seeing them and welcomed them with
food, drinks, and gifts.
• This palm produces a fruit names cocho, which is large as the head, or
thereabouts: its first husk is green, and two fingers in thickness, in it they
find certain threads, with which they make the cords for fastening their
boats. Under this husks there is another very hard, and thicker than that of a
walnut. They burned this second rind, and make with it a powder which is
useful to them. Under this rind there is a white marrow ofa fingers thickness,
which they eat fresh with meat and fish, as we do bread, and it has the taste
of almond, and if anyone dried it he might make bread of it."
• The island where they dwell is called Zuluam, and it is not large.
• They made signs that the things which the captain had shown them grew there where
they were going.
• They went to Humunu Island (Humonhon) (Watering Place of Good Signs) where
they found the first signs of gold in the island.
• In this place there were many circumjacent islands, on which account they named
them the "Archipelago of St. Lazaruz", because they stayed there on the day and feast
of St. Lazaruz.
 MARCH 25 MONDAY OF PASSION WEEK AND
FEAST OF OUR LADY – MARCH 28
• They saw small boat which they call Baloto, which eight men inside,
which approached the ship of the captain-general.
• Two hours afterwards, they saw come two long boats, which they call
Ballanghai (Balangay)
• The next day which was Good Friday the captain sent on shore the
before-mentioned salve, who was our interpreter, to the king beg him to
give him for money some provisions for his ships, sending him word
that he had not come to his country as an enemy, but as friend.
• After that refreshments were served up to them. The captain told
the king through the said interpreter, that he wished to be with
him.
• The island of this king is named Zuluan and Calagan, and when
this two kings wish to visit one another they come to hunt in
this island where they were. Of these kings the painted kings is
called Raia Calambu, and the other Raiai Siani.
MARCH 31 (EASTER SUNDAY)
• The captain sent the chaplain ashore early to say mass, and the interpreter
went with him to tell the king that they were not coming on shore to dine
with him, but only to hear the mass.
• Before the mass began the captain threw a quantity of musk rose water on
those two kings, and when the offertory of the mass came, the two kings
went to kiss the cross like them, but they offered nothing , and at the
elevation of the body of Our Lord they were kneeling like them, and
adored our Lord with joined hands
READINGS 2:

(Proclamation)
Act of Proclamation of
Independence of the
Filipino People
IN 1896, THE PHILIPPINE REVOLUTION BEGAN.
• In December 1897, the Spanish government and the
revolutionaries signed a truce, the Pact of Biak-na-Bato,
requiring that the Spanish pay the revolutionaries $MXN
800,000 and that Aguinaldo and other leaders go into exile
in Hong Kong. In April 1898, at the outbreak of the 
Spanish–American War, Commodore George Dewey
 aboard the U.S.S. Olympia sailed into Manila Bay leading
the Asiatic Squadron of the U.S. Navy.
• On 1 May 1898, the United States defeated the Spanish in
the Battle of Manila Bay. Emilio Aguinaldo decided to
return to the Philippines to help American forces defeat
the Spaniards. The U.S. Navy agreed to transport him back
aboard the USS McCulloch, and on May 19, he arrived in
Cavite.
THE PROCLAMATION ON 12 JUNE
• Independence was proclaimed on 12 June 1898 between four and
five in the afternoon in Cavite at the ancestral home of General 
Emilio Aguinaldo some 30 kilometres (19 mi) south of Manila. The
event saw the unfurling of the Flag of the Philippines, made in Hong
Kong by Marcela Agoncillo, Lorenza Agoncillo, and Delfina Herboza,
and the performance of the Marcha Filipina Magdalo, as the 
national anthem, now known as Lupang Hinirang, which was
composed by Julián Felipe and played by the San Francisco de
Malabon marching band.
• The Act of the Declaration of Independence was prepared, written,
and read by Ambrosio Rianzares Bautista in Spanish. The Declaration
was signed by 98 people,among them a United States Army officer
who witnessed the proclamation. The final paragraph states that
there was a "stranger" (stranger in English translation—extranjero in
the original Spanish, meaning foreigner) who attended the
proceedings, Mr. L. M. Johnson, described as "a citizen of the U.S.A.,
a Colonel of Artillery". Despite his prior military experience, Johnson
had no official role in the Philippines.
 RATIFICATION EDIT
•The proclamation of Philippine independence was, however,
promulgated on 1 August, when many towns had already been
organized under the rules laid down by the Dictatorial Government
 of General Aguinaldo.[7][8] 190 municipal presidents of different
towns from 16 provinces—Manila, Cavite, Laguna, Batangas, 
Bulacan, Bataan, Infanta, Morong, Tayabas, Pampanga, Pangasinan, 
Mindoro, Nueva Ecija, Tarlac, La Union and Zambales—ratified the
Proclamation of Independence in Bacoor, Cavite.
• Later at Malolos, Bulacan, the Malolos Congress modified
the declaration upon the insistence of Apolinario Mabini
 who objected to that the original proclamation essentially
placed the Philippines under the protection of the United
States.
STRUGGLE FOR INDEPENDENCE EDIT
• The declaration was never recognized by either the 
United States or Spain. Later in 1898, Spain ceded the
Philippines to the United States in the 
1898 Treaty of Paris that ended the Spanish–American
War.
• The Philippine Revolutionary Government did not recognise
the treaty or American sovereignty, and subsequently
fought and lost a conflict with the United States originally
referred to by the Americans as the "Philippine
Insurrection" but now generally and officially called the 
Philippine–American War, which ended when Emilio
Aguinaldo was captured by U.S. forces,[9] and issued a
statement acknowledging and accepting the sovereignty of
the United States over the Philippines.
• This was then followed on July 2, 1902, by U.S. Secretary of War 
Elihu Root telegraphing that the insurrection the United States had
come to an end and that provincial civil governments had been
established everywhere except those areas inhabited by Moro tribes.
[11] Pockets of resistance continued for several years. Following the
end of World War II, the United States granted independence to the
Philippines on 4 July 1946 via the Treaty of Manila.
• July 4 was observed in the Philippines as Independence Day until
August 4, 1964, when, upon the advice of historians and the
urging of nationalists, President Diosdado Macapagal signed into
law Republic Act No. 4166 designating June 12 as the
country's Independence Day.[13] June 12 had previously been
observed as Flag Day and many government buildings are
urged to display the Philippine Flag in their offices.
READINGS 3:

(Speech)
Speech before the Joint Session
of the United State Congress
(1986) by Corazon Aquino
Speech of President Corazon Aquino

Time Written:
 Assumed between April- September

Time Delivered:
 7 months after EDSA revolution (February 25, 1986)
 3 years after the assassination of Senator Benigno Aquino

Place Written:
 Phillipines

Place Delivered:
 Washington DC, US Congress
WHO IS MARIA CORAZON
COJUANGCO- AQUINO ?
• the 11th president (and first female president) of the
Philippines
•born January 25,1933, in Tarlac, Philippines
•graduated from the College of Mount St. Vincent in New York in
1953,
with a bachelor's degree in both French and mathematics
•widow of Senator Benigno Aquino.
•was widely accredited as the “Mother of Asian Democracy”
•presidential term: February 25, 1986-June 30, 199
THE CANDIDACY OF CORY
AQUINO AS PRESIDENT

•1 million signature.
•Assassination of Benigno Aquino.
•Slavery of Marco’s Administration for 14
years.
•Threats and corruption.
•Democracy
PERSPECTIVE:
•As a victim of Marcos’ cruel regime
•As the faithful wife of Senator Benigno Aquino
•As the People’s Champion
•As the Mother of Asian Democracy
 Assassination of Benigno Aquino Jr.
Ninoy became the pleasing sacrifice that answered their prayers for
freedom. For
myself and our children, Ninoy was a loving husband and father. His
loss, three times in our lives
was always a deep and painful one.
 A longtime political opponent of President Ferdinand Marcos, Aquino had just
landed in his home country after three years of self-imposed exile in the United
States when he was shot in the head while being escorted from an aircraft to a
vehicle that was waiting to transport him to prison. Also killed was Rolando
Galman, who was falsely accused of Aquino's murder.
 The Fall of the Dictatorship
Aquino's assassination is credited with transforming the opposition to
the Marcos regime from a small, isolated movement into a national
crusade. It is also credited with thrusting Aquino's widow, 
Corazon Aquino, into the public spotlight and her running for
president in the 1986 snap election. Although Marcos was officially
declared the winner of the election, widespread allegations of fraud
and illegal tampering on Marcos's behalf are credited with sparking
the People Power Revolution, which resulted in Marcos fleeing the
country and conceding the presidency to Mrs. Aquino.
He detained my husband along with thousands of others-Senators,
publishers, and anyone who had spoken up for the democracy as its end
drew near. The government sought to break him by indignities and terror.
They looked him up in a tiny, nearly airless cell in a military camp in the
north. They stripped him naked and held a threat of a sudden midnight
execution over his head. Ninoy held up manfully under all of it. I barely did
as well. For forty-three days, the authorities would not tell me what had
happened to him. This was the first time my children and I left we had lost
him.
But his death was my country’s resurrection and the courage and faith by
which alone they could be free again. The dictator had called him a nobody.
Yet, two million people threw aside their passivity and fear and escorted
him to his grave. And so began the revolution that has brought me to
democracy’s most famous home, the Congress of the United States.
Last year, in an excess of arrogance, the dictatorship called for its doom in a
snap election. The people obliged. With over a million signatures they drafted
me to challenge the dictatorship.
You saw a nation armed with courage and integrity, stand fast by democracy
against threats and corruption. You saw women poll watchers break out in tears
as armed goons crashed the polling places to steal the ballots. But just the same,
they tied themselves to the ballots boxes. You saw a people so committed to the
ways of democracy that they were prepared to give their lives for its pale
imitation. At the end of the day before another way of fraud could distort the
result, I announced the people’s victory.
When a subservient parliament announced my opponent’s victory, the
people then turned out in the streets and proclaim aided me the President of
all the people. And true to their word, when a handful of military leaders
declared themselves against the dictatorship, the people rallied to their
protection. Surely, the people take care of heir own. It is on that faith and
the obligation it entails that I assumed the Presidency.
Like Abraham Lincoln, I understand that force may be necessary before
mercy. Like Lincoln, I don’t relish it. Yet, I will do whatever it takes to
defend the integrity and freedom of my country.
When I met with President Reagan, we began an important dialogue about
cooperation and the strengthening of friendship between our two countries.
That meeting was both a confirmation and a new beginning. I am sure it will
lead to positive result in all areas of common concern. Today, we face the
aspiration of a people who have known so much poverty and massive
unemployment for the past 14 years. And yet offer their lives for the
abstraction of democracy.
Three years ago I said, Thank you America for the haven from oppression
and the home you gave Ninoy, myself and our children and for the three
happiest years of our lives together. Today I say, join us America as we build
a new home for democracy; another haven for the oppressed so it may stand
as a shining testament of our two nations’ commitment to the freedom.