CHAPTER 6

Task

Md Jalal Uddin Rumi

Assistant Professor
Department of Aeronautical Engineering, MIST
Objectives
The everyday tasks carried out by aviation persons and other staff can range from the highly complex to the routine.
Planning, organizing, and good communication helps tasks to be completed on time, to standards, and on price.
 Planning
Blindly starting a task without planning is the best way to invite problems.
Following resources to be considered before any task:
• Personnel
• Equipment/spares
• Documentation, information and guidance
• Facilities such as hangar space, lighting, etc.

Before commencing a task, several department of maintenance

organization have preliminary action.
TASK
 Work Order/Task
Information about specific tasks should be detailed on
job cards or task sheets. These will indicate the task
(e.g., checks or inspection, repair, replacement,
overhaul) and often further details to aid the technician
(such as maintenance manual references, part numbers,
etc.).
 Physical Tasks
Aircraft maintenance engineering is a relatively active
occupation. Regardless of the job being done, most
tasks tend to have elements of fine motor control,
requiring precision, as well as activities requiring
strength and gross manipulation.
 Repetitive Tasks
Repetitive tasks can be tedious and reduce arousal
(become boring).Most of the human factors research
associated with repetitive tasks has been carried out in
manufacturing environments where workers carry out
the same action many times a minute. This does not
generally apply to maintenance engineering.
 Risk of Repetitive Task
The main danger with repetitive tasks is that engineers may become so
practiced at such tasks that they may cease to consult the maintenance
manual or to use job cards.
Thus, if something about a task is changed, the engineer may not be aware of
the change.
Complacency is also a danger, whereby a engineer may skip steps or fail to
give due attention to steps in a procedure, especially if it is to check
something which is rarely found to be wrong, damaged, or out of tolerance.
This applies particularly to visual inspection, which is covered in greater detail
in the next section.
USBA B737 Belly Landing at CGP
 Visual Inspection
Visual inspection is one of the primary methods employed
during maintenance to ensure the aircraft remains in an
airworthy condition.

Aircraft maintenance engineers may use magnifiers and

borescopes to enhance their visual capabilities. The engineers
may accompany their visual inspection by examining the
element using his other senses (touch, hearing, smell, etc.).
 Steps of Reliable Visual Inspection
• Ensure that they understand the area, component or system they
have been asked to inspect (e.g., as specified on the work card)
• Locate the corresponding area, component, or system on the aircraft itself
• Make sure the environment is conducive to the visual inspection task
(Physical Environment such as lighting, access, etc.)
• Conduct a systematic visual search, moving their eyes carefully in a set
pattern so that all parts are inspected
• Examine thoroughly any potential degradation or defect that is seen and
decide whether it constitutes a problem
 Types of Visual Inspection

Sl No. Types
01 Walk Around Inspections
02 General Visual Inspection (GVI)
03 Detailed Visual Inspection (DVI)
04 Special Detailed Visual Inspection (SDI)
Walk Around Inspections
 Walk Around Inspections
During the walk around check, it should be observed that:
– All the wheel chocks are removed.
– The towbar is connected and secured, if used.
– The apron is clear of all FOD items that may cause aircraft damage or pose a risk to the
aircraft/personnel.
– The stand area is clear of obstructions. GSE are positioned clear of the aircraft path.
– Adequate clearance exists between the aircraft and facilities/fixed obstacles along the
aircraft movement path.
– There is no visible damage to the aircraft, particularly around the cargo and cabin doors.
– There are no obvious signs of unmarked dents or other skin panel damage.
– There are no obvious signs of fluid leakage.
NOVOAIR EMB 145 Aborted Takeoff
 General Visual Inspection (GVI)
• A visual examination of an interior or exterior area, installation or assembly to
detect obvious damage, failure or irregularity.
• This level of inspection is made from within touching distance, unless otherwise
specified.
• A mirror may be necessary to enhance visual access to all exposed surfaces in the
inspection area.
• This level of inspection is made under normally available lighting conditions such
as daylight, hangar lighting, flashlight or drop-light and may require removal or
opening of access panels or doors.
• Stands, ladders or platforms may be required to gain proximity to the area being
checked. Basic cleaning may be required to ensure appropriate visibility.
General Visual Inspection (GVI)
 Detailed Visual Inspection (DVI)
• An intensive examination of a specific item, installation or assembly
to detect damage, failure or irregularity.
• This could include tactile assessment in which a component or
assembly can be checked for tightness/security.
• Available lighting is normally supplemented with a direct source of
good lighting at an intensity deemed appropriate.
• Inspection aids such as mirrors and magnifying lenses may be
necessary.
• Surface cleaning and elaborate access procedures may be required.
Detailed Visual Inspection (DVI)
 Special Detailed Visual Inspection (SDI)

• An examination of a specific item, installation, or

assembly making use of specialized inspection
techniques such as Non Destructive Testing (NDT)
and/or equipment (e.g. boroscope, videoscope, tap
test) to detect damage, failure or irregularity.
• Intricate cleaning and substantial access or
disassembly procedures may be required.
SDI: Borescope Inspection
Combustion Liner New Vs Serviceable
HPT Section New Vs Serviceable
Company Authorization
 Strengthening Working Relationship

How to establish a good working relationship with your colleagues:

• Smile
• Establish eye contact
• Give your undivided attention
• Try to ‘speak the same language’
• Show that, without any shadow of doubt, you respect and accept
the person, regardless of race, sex, culture etc.
• Demonstrate respect for your colleagues and your organization
• Be calm and confident
 Punishing Behaviors
• Monopolizing the conversation
• Displaying negative body language
• Insulting or using non-verbal put-downs
• Speaking dogmatically; not respecting others opinions
• Criticizing excessively; fault finding
• Refusing to negotiate or compromise
• Manipulating or competing in subtle ways (noticeable ways)
• Asking loaded or accusing questions
• Breaking confidences
• Failing to keep promises.
 Rewarding Behaviors
• Giving others a chance to express views, share opinions and information.
• Listening attentively
• Displaying positive body language
• Giving constructive feedback
• Treating others as equals
• Staring one’s needs and desires honestly
• Questioning others openly and honestly
• Keeping the confidences of others
• Giving one’s word sparingly and keeping it
• Expressing genuine interest in the other person
• Keeping a sense of humor.