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CHAPTER ONE
Routing Protocols

Mulugeta G..
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Routing Protocols
• Routing Protocols 

• are the set of defined rules used by the routers to communicate

between source & destination.

• They do not move the information to the source to a destination,

but only update the routing table that contains the information.
• Network Router protocols helps you to specify way routers

communicate with each other.

• It allows the network to select routes between any two nodes on a

computer network.
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Routing Protocols
• Types of Routing Protocols

• There are mainly two types of Network Routing Protocols

• Static Routing Protocols

• Dynamic Routing Protocols

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Routing Protocols
• Static Routing Protocols
• Used when an administrator manually assigns the path from source to the
destination network.
• It offers more security to the network and do not use any routing protocol.
• Advantages
• No overhead on router CPU.
• No unused bandwidth between links.
• Only the administrator is able to add routes
• Disadvantages
• The administrator must know how each router is connected.
• Not an ideal option for large networks as it is time intensive.
• Whenever link fails all the network goes down which is not
feasible in small networks.
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Routing Protocols
• Dynamic Routing Protocols
• It helps routers to add information to their routing tables from
connected routers automatically.
• These types of protocols also send out topology updates whenever the
network changes' topological structure.
• uses the routing protocol for creating a route for the data packets
• Advantage:
• Easier to configure even on larger networks.
• It will be dynamically able to choose a different route in case if a link
goes down.
• It helps you to do load balancing between multiple links.
• Disadvantage:
• Updates are shared between routers, so it consumes bandwidth.
• Routing protocols put an additional load on router CPU or RAM.
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Difference between Static Vs Dynamic Routing

Static Routing Dynamic Routing
It does not use a routing protocol. It uses a routing protocol.

The administrator enters the route in Routing protocol decides the route for
the routing table manually. the data packets and makes an entry to
the routing table automatically.
Suitable for a small network. Suitable for a large network.

Link failure affects the network. Link failure does not affect the
network.
Security is high. Security is less.

The route is permanent. The route keeps changes according to

the changes in the network.
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Some CLI Commands in Cisco

•enable: Logs you into enable mode, which is also known as user exec
mode or privileged mode
•config terminal: Logs you into configuration mode

•interface fastethernet/number: Enters interface configuration mode for

the specified fast ethernet interface
•ip address ip address mask: Assigns an IP address and a subnet mask

•no shutdown: Brings up the interface.

•Ip route ip address mask fastethernet/number: Sets a static route in the

IP routing table
•Exit: To return to global configuration mode | return to interface
configuration mode | exit the EXEC mode
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END OF CHAPTER ONE
Next: Chapter Two: Layer 2 Switching and STP