tarter

nding Percentages
Percentages
Explore 1
 Percentages
• Recognise common equivalent fractions, decimals and percentages and know how to
change between them

• Calculate a percentage of a quantity

• Increase or decrease a quantity by a given percentage

Percentages

Quantity, Equivalent. Fractions, Decimal,

Increase, Decrease
cognise common equivalent fractions, decimals and percentages and know how to change between them
Quiz Time

On the learning platform go to:

Week 7

Explore 1

Week 7 Explore 1/ Quiz Fractions, Decimal and Percentages

Complete the class quiz.

Calculate a percentage of a quantity

This resource assumes that you have a basic knowledge of what a percentage
is and fraction/percentage/decimal correspondences. Here’s a recap though!

35% means: 35 out of 100

So if 35% of people like broccoli, that means
35 out of each 100 people like broccoli.

If there were 200 people, then 70 would like

broccoli.

What is 35% as What is 35% of 80?

a fraction?  35% of 80
of
 “35 out of 100” could also
be written as =
inding percentages of a quantity.
Where the percentages are ‘simple’ fractions, changing the problem from “a
percentage of an amount” to “a fraction of an amount” is often easiest.

 
 
25% of 60 20% of 45  
30% of 40
of
 Finding percentages of a quantity.

𝟏
5% of 12 × 𝟏𝟐=𝟑
𝟒
𝟑
5% of 24 × 𝟐𝟒 =𝟏𝟖
𝟒
𝟐
0% of 90 × 𝟗𝟎 =𝟑𝟔
𝟓
𝟏
0% of 60 × 𝟔𝟎 =𝟏𝟐
𝟓
𝟑
0% of 30 × 𝟑𝟎 =𝟗
𝟏𝟎
𝟏
% of 80 × 𝟖𝟎 = 𝟒
𝟐𝟎
Another method is to find 10% or 1% and then building the desired percentage up:

35% of £64 10%: ×3

 
£6.40 ×3
 
30%: ÷
  2 £19.20 ÷  2
10%
  means , so divide the
total amount by 10 to find
10% to start with.
5%: £3.20_
35%: £19.20 + £3.20 = £22.40
We need to get closer to
35%. To get to 30% we
want 3 times more. If we know 10%, To make up 35%
then 5% would be we want 30% +
half as much. 5%.

65% of £26 10%: £2.60

60%: £15.60
5%: £1.30_
65%: £15.60 + £1.30 = £16.90
ry These

?
360

If you
finish…

120 ?
Answer

360

120
Increase or decrease a quantity by a given percentage

Sometimes you have to find the value after a percentage increase or decrease.

I buy a phone on eBay for £40 and sell it on at a

30% profit. What do I sell it for?

A “30% profit” means it was sold for

30% more than its original value.
So simply find 30% and add it on.

10%: £4
30%: £12
Selling price: £40 + £12 = £52
198

388
 NO
CALCULATORS
1 Using converting the percentages first into 4 [OCR GCSE June 2013 1F Q20a, June 2013 3H Q4a] On
fractions, determine the following: weekdays it costs £6.50 per hour to hire a tennis court at
Meadway Tennis Club. On Saturdays the cost is 30%
a 10% of 120 = b 25% of 16 = more. How much does it cost to hire a court for 2 hours
c 30% of 20 = d 40% of 25 = on a Saturday?
e 75% of 48 = f 60% of 140 =
g 90% of 50 = 12.5%
h of 32 =
5 [Edexcel GCSE June 2017 1F Q19, June 2017 1H Q2]
2 By working with multiples of 10%/5% or Bill buys and sells laptops. Last month Bill bought 50
otherwise, determine the following: laptops. He paid £400 for each laptop.
a 15% of 40 = b35% of 60 = He sold 40 of these laptops at a profit of 30% on each
c 65% of 120 = d 45% of 30 = laptop and 10 of these laptops at a profit of 15% on each
e 17.5% of 80 = f 8% of 300 = laptop.
Bill’s target last month was to sell all 50 laptops for a total
3 By any suitable method, determine the of at least £25 000. Did Bill reach this target?
following values after the percentage
change:
a 40 after an increase of 5% = 6 [Edexcel GCSE Nov2014-1H Q11] Ria is going to buy a
b 60 after a decrease of 20% = caravan. The total cost of the caravan is £7000 plus VAT
c 50 after an increase of 25% = at 20%. Ria pays a deposit of £3000.
d 24 after a decrease of 75% = She pays the rest of the total cost in 6 equal monthly
e 35 after an increase of 60% = payments. Work out the amount of each monthly
f 25 after a decrease of 40% = payment.
 NO
CALCULATORS
1 Using converting the percentages first into 4 [OCR GCSE June 2013 1F Q20a, June 2013 3H Q4a] On
fractions, determine the following:
a 10% of 120 = 12 b 25% of 16 = 4
c 30% of 20 = 6 40% d of 25 = 10
e 75% of 48 = 36 f 60% of 140 = 84
g 90% of 50 = 45 h 12.5% of 32 = 4
2 By working with multiples of 10%/5% or
otherwise, determine the following:
a 15% of 40 = 6 b 35% of 60 = 21
c 65% of 120 = 78 d 45% of 30 = 13.5
e 17.5% of 80 = 14 f 8% of 300 = 24
3 By any suitable method, determine the
following values after the percentage
change:
a 40 after an increase of 5% = 42
b 60 after a decrease of 20% = 48
c 50 after an increase of 25% = 62.5
d 24 after a decrease of 75% = 6
e 35 after an increase of 60% = 56
f 25 after a decrease of 40% = 15
weekdays it costs £6.50 per hour to hire a tennis court at
Meadway Tennis Club. On Saturdays the cost is 30%
more. How much does it cost to hire a court for 2 hours
on a Saturday?
£16.90
5 [Edexcel GCSE June 2017 1F Q19, June 2017 1H Q2]
Bill buys and sells laptops. Last month Bill bought 50
laptops. He paid £400 for each laptop.
He sold 40 of these laptops at a profit of 30% on each
laptop and 10 of these laptops at a profit of 15% on each
laptop.
Bill’s target last month was to sell all 50 laptops for a total
of at least £25 000. Did Bill reach this target?
£25400 so yes.
6 [Edexcel GCSE Nov2014-1H Q11] Ria is going to buy a
caravan. The total cost of the caravan is £7000 plus VAT
at 20%. Ria pays a deposit of £3000.
She pays the rest of the total cost in 6 equal monthly
payments. Work out the amount of each monthly
payment.
£900
 Explore 2
Percentages
Starter: Percentages

You have 5 friends. 2 of them have a

You haveNetflix
5 friends. 2 of them
subscription. have
What a Netflix
fraction subscription. What percentage is this?
is this?

And convert this to a

 
𝟐 percentage…
40%
𝟓   × 100
! To find what percentage one
amount is of another, find what
fraction it is, then convert to a
percentage.
Further Examples
Test Your Understanding
What is £11 as a
percentage of £57?

 𝟏𝟏
× 𝟏𝟎𝟎=𝟏𝟗 .𝟑 %
𝟓𝟕

 is what 11 is as a
fraction of 57
convert to a
percentage

  𝟑𝟐
× 𝟏𝟎𝟎 =𝟔𝟒 %
𝟓𝟎
 25% of 12

 
1  
0.25 ×12
× 12
4
…but we could also turn it into
 Earlier we saw we could a decimal.
convert the percentage into a
fraction (and ‘of’ into ) The 0.25 is known as a decimal
multiplier, and multiplying by
it has the effect of finding 25%
of something.
Examples
 
Suppose we wanted to find 100% of £14. What would we
multiply it by?
80% as a decimal is 0.8.
This *feels* rights, because
What if we wanted to find 80% of it? multiplying by a number just
less than 1 makes the number
just slightly smaller, which we
expect.

What if we wanted to increase it by 10%? Everything starts at 100%. So if it

increases by 10%, it’s now at
110%. This is 1.1 as a decimal.
This *feels* right as multiplying
Reduce it by 15%? by 1.1 slightly increases a number.

Everything starts at 100%. So if it

decreases by 15%, it’s now at 85%.
This *feels* right as multiplying by
0.85 is a bit less than 1 so slightly
decreases the number.
Increase by 2.4% 0.96
x0.96

1.03
x1.03
Decrease by 4% A common student error  is to use rather than . Be
very careful with single digit increases/decreases

0.70
x0.70
Find 3% of it.

0.03
x0.03
Increase by 10%

1.1
x1.1
Decrease by 30%

1.024
X1.024
Increase by 3%
ncrease or decrease a quantity by a given percentage
Code breaker Answer:
 (Calculator use encouraged!)
By using decimal multipliers, calculate the following, giving your answer to
1 the nearest penny/cent: (and showing the multiplication you use)
13% of £56
a 74% of £3.20 3 [Kangaroo Grey 2004
b 130% of £77.10 Q7] Maija has a
c 31% of £8.41 rectangular patio in her
d 1.5% of £75 garden. She decides to
e £80 after an increase of 20% make the patio larger
by increasing both its
f £35 after a decrease of 10%
length and width by
g £46 after an increase of 2% 10%. What is the
h £103 after a decrease of 30% percentage increase in
i £70 after an increase of 5.5% the area of the patio?
j $840 after an increase of 125%
k
Pippin the Cat initially weighs 10kg. She gets 10% heavier one year,
2 followed by 20% heavier the next year. Felix the Cat again initially weighs
10kg. She gets 15% heavier one year, followed by 15% the next.
Who is the heaviest after the two years?
 (Calculator use encouraged!)
By using decimal multipliers, calculate the following, giving your answer to
1 the nearest penny/cent: (and showing the multiplication you use)
13% of £56 £7.28
a 74% of £3.20 £2.37 3 [Kangaroo Grey 2004
b 130% of £77.10 £100.23 Q7] Maija has a
c 31% of £8.41 £2.61 rectangular patio in her
d 1.5% of £75 £1.13 garden. She decides to
e £80 after an increase of 20% £96 make the patio larger
by increasing both its
f £35 after a decrease of 10% £31.50
length and width by
g £46 after an increase of 2% £46.92 10%. What is the
h £103 after a decrease of 30% £72.10 percentage increase in
i £70 after an increase of 5.5% £73.85 the area of the patio?
j $840 after an increase of 125% $1890 21%
k
Pippin the Cat initially weighs 10kg. She gets 10% heavier one year,
2 followed by 20% heavier the next year. Felix the Cat again initially weighs
10kg. She gets 15% heavier one year, followed by 15% the next.
Who is the heaviest after the two years?
Pippin is 13.2kg. Felix is 13.225kg, so is heavier.
 LESSON COMPLETE!

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