This lesson is being

recorded
TARTER ACTIVITY TITLE

This is a starter activity description test

b
g h
40°
d e
a 25°
i
75° c f

d=hypotenuse g=adjacent
a=hypotenuse
e=adjacent h=opposite
b=opposite
f=opposite i=hypotenuse
c=adjacent
 Week 30
Trigonometry
 LEARNING OBJECTIVES

• Discover trigonometry and the use of trig tables

• Find the angle identified from a trigonometric ratio

• Find an unknown length of a right-angled triangle given one side and another
angle

Keyword

Trigonometry Sin Cos Tan

Remember the way we label a triangle

The hypotenuse is
the longest side of a
right-angled triangle,
and is opposite the
right-angle.

hypotenuse
opposite
The ‘opposite’ is
30°
the side opposite
the angle of
interest.
adjacent
The ‘adjacent’ is the side
adjacent (i.e. next to) the
angle of interest.
 Trigonometry Ratio
 
The Sine ratio is the ratio between the length of the opposite side and the length of the
hypotenuse side. Abbreviated as
=

 
The Cosine ratio is the ratio between the length of the adjacent side and the length of
the hypotenuse side.

The Tangent ratio is the ratio between the length of the opposite side and the
gth of the adjacent side.

These ratios will have the same values for any sized triangle with the same reference angle.
Mathematicians a long time ago took the time to find these ratios for many different angles, and created
what we call a Trigonometric Table.
rigonometry Tables

ere is a table of all the Trigonometric Ratios from 1 to 89 degrees. Why are 0 and 90
grees not there?
How to use the table:

60

1
 Using a scientific calculator
Answer to 2 dp
n 42

67

os 60

an 89

7.29
 Using the scientific calculator
Remember the exponent is used
− 1
sin 0.3
.46

− 1
cos 0.78
8.74

−1
tan 89
9.36
SOHCAHTOA

When we are faced with a trigonometry problem in a right-angled triangle, you

need to remember…

This is the TANGENT

This is the SINE triangle triangle

These triangles allow us This is the COSINE triangle

to easily remember each
formula.
Which rule do we use?
Every time you are faced with a trigonometry
question,
you will need to decide which rule you are using.

Do we use Sine, Cosine

or Tan?
H   𝒙
O
𝟑𝟓 °
 

We would be using the Tan

A 𝟏𝟐𝒄𝒎 
rule.
Which rule to use?

Do we use Sine, Cosine

H or Tan?
𝟏𝟐𝒄𝒎
 
O

𝟑𝟓 °
 

A  
𝒙 We would be using the Cosine
rule.
Which rule to use?

Do we use Sine, Cosine

H or Tan?
𝟏𝟐𝒄𝒎
  O
𝟓𝒄𝒎
 

 
𝒙°
We would be using the Sine
A rule.
Using the triangles

You simply cover up what you are

The “Cover Up” Method
looking for

If we using the Sine rule and we are looking for the Opposite, we cover
up the opposite.

𝑶𝒑𝒑𝒐𝒔𝒊𝒕𝒆=𝒔𝒊𝒏 ( 𝒙 ) ×𝒉𝒚𝒑𝒐𝒕𝒆𝒏𝒖𝒔𝒆
 
Using the triangles

You simply cover up what you are

The “Cover Up” Method
looking for

If we using the Coine rule and we are looking for the Hypotenuse, we cover up
the opposite.

  𝒂𝒅𝒋𝒂𝒄𝒆𝒏𝒕
𝑯𝒚𝒑𝒐𝒕𝒆𝒏𝒖𝒔𝒆=
𝒄𝒐𝒔( 𝒙 )
Using the triangles

You simply cover up what you are

The “Cover Up” Method
looking for

If we are using the Tan rule and looking for the angle, we cover up tan.

  𝒐𝒑𝒑𝒐𝒔𝒊𝒕𝒆
𝑻𝒂𝒏( 𝒙 )=
𝒂𝒅𝒋
ind the length of

Label the triangle

H   𝒙 Decide which rule to use.

O Use the cover-up method

𝟑𝟓 °
 

𝑶𝒑𝒑𝒐𝒔𝒊𝒕𝒆=𝒕𝒂𝒏
 
( 𝒙 ) ×𝒂𝒅𝒋𝒂𝒄𝒆𝒏𝒕
A 𝟏𝟐𝒄𝒎
 

Substitute in your values

𝑶𝒑𝒑𝒐𝒔𝒊𝒕𝒆=𝒕𝒂𝒏
  ( 𝟑𝟓 ) ×𝟏𝟐
𝑶𝒑𝒑𝒐𝒔𝒊𝒕𝒆 =𝟖 . 𝟒 𝒄𝒎
 
ind the length of

Label the triangle

H 𝟔 𝒄𝒎
  Decide which rule to use.

O Use the cover-up method

𝟒𝟎 °
 
 𝑨𝒅𝒋𝒂𝒄𝒆𝒏𝒕 = 𝒐𝒑𝒑𝒐𝒔𝒊𝒕𝒆
𝒕𝒂𝒏 ( 𝒙 )
A
 
𝒙
Substitute in your values

  𝟔
𝑨𝒅𝒋𝒂𝒄𝒆𝒏𝒕 =
𝒕𝒂𝒏( 𝟒𝟎)
 
𝑨𝒅𝒋𝒂𝒄𝒆𝒏𝒕=𝟕.𝟏𝟓𝒄𝒎
ind the missing length d

cide which triangle to use then find d.

n 72 =

13 x tan 72

= 40.01cm

n we now find missing angles

ind the in the following triangle

Label the triangle

H 𝟕 𝒄𝒎
 
Decide which rule to use.

O Use the cover-up method

𝒙°
 
 𝒕𝒂𝒏 ( 𝒙 ) = 𝒐𝒑𝒑𝒐𝒔𝒊𝒕𝒆
𝒂𝒅𝒋𝒂𝒄𝒆𝒏𝒕
A 𝟏𝟐𝒄𝒎
 

Substitute in your values

 𝒕𝒂𝒏 ( 𝒙 ) = 𝟕
𝟏𝟐
 𝒕𝒂𝒏− 𝟏 𝟕
( 𝟏𝟐 ) =𝟑𝟎 °
ind the in the following triangle

Label the triangle

H
𝟏𝟒𝒄𝒎
  𝟗 𝒄𝒎
 
Decide which rule to use.

O Use the cover-up method

𝒙°
 
𝒐𝒑𝒑𝒐𝒔𝒊𝒕𝒆
 𝒔𝒊𝒏 ( 𝒙 ) =
𝒉𝒚𝒑𝒐𝒕𝒆𝒏𝒖𝒔𝒆
A
Substitute in your values

 𝒔𝒊𝒏 ( 𝒙 ) = 𝟗
𝟏𝟒

 𝒔𝒊𝒏 − 𝟏 𝟗
( 𝟏𝟒 )= 𝟒𝟎 °
ind the missing angle c

cide which triangle to use and find c

11
sin c
18

= 37.67cm
roblem solve

O 𝟑𝟐°  

A  𝟐𝟎 𝒎

𝑶𝒑𝒑𝒐𝒔𝒊𝒕𝒆=𝒕𝒂𝒏
 
( 𝟑𝟐 ) × 𝟐𝟎
𝑶𝒑𝒑𝒐𝒔𝒊𝒕𝒆=𝟏𝟐. 𝟓 𝒎
 

𝑯𝒆𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕 𝒐𝒇 𝒕𝒓𝒆𝒆=𝟏𝟐.𝟓+𝟏.𝟔  ¿𝟏𝟒.𝟏𝒎

 
 LEARNING OBJECTIVES

• Discover trigonometry and the use of trig tables

• Find the angle identified from a trigonometric ratio

• Find an unknown length of a right-angled triangle given one side and another
angle

Keyword

Trigonometry Sin Cos Tan

 LESSON COMPLETE!
SEE YOU NEXT LESSON