HYDROPOW Çağdaş ÖZGÜR-240203001

Anıl Deniz YILDIRIM-240203011

ER Adacan Botan AKKAN-240203019
Taylan KARAÇELİK-250203052

ME427-Introduction to Renewable Energy

Group 1
WHAT IS
HYDROPOWER
• A renewable energy source
• Requires constant water flow
• Kinetic Energy → Electric Energy
HISTORY
• Goes as far as 200 BC
• Used for grain hulling and ore breaking
• Important development in 19th century
• Important inventions: Francis turbine,
Pelton wheel, Kaplan turbine
DEVELOPMENT
• First hydropower project in 19th century
• After 4 years first power plant was established
• In a decade there were hundreds of plants
HYDROPOWER PLANTS
• Water flow → Shaft → Generator
• Simple in definition
bit more complicated in practice
• Extra turbines may be added
 • Dam

HYDROPOWER • Pumped Storage

• Run of the River
TYPES • Tidal Power
 • Water cycle is crucial
• Surface water evaporates

WATER CYCLE • Condensation and precipitation

• Return to bodies of water
• Sustainable
 • Dam
• Turbine
COMPONENTS • Generator
• Power Lines
 • Dam controls mass and velocity of water
••  ↗Kinetic Energy ↗Electricity Production

EFFICIENCY
• KE= mv2
• Therefore higher mass and velocity
↓
• higher electricity production
Advantages and
Disadvantages
of Hydroelectric
Energy
Advantages of
Hydroelectric Energy
• 1- Renewable
Hydroelectric power plants convert
water flow into energy. This energy cycle
continues as long as the flow of water
does not stop.
2- Emission
Free
3- Being continuous • Compared to other renewable energy sources,
hydroelectric energy is continuous.
4- Being Adjustable
• The flow rate of water in hydroelectric power plants can be adjusted.
5- Providing Hydroelectric power plants provide employment opportunities to
people living in the surrounding area and working here, both
employment during and after their establishment.
Disadvantages of
Hydroelectric Energy
• 1- Higher Initial Cost
The construction of dams in hydroelectric power
plants means a higher installation cost compared to
other renewable energy sources.
2- Limited Facility
Locations
Although hydroelectric power plants are a
renewable energy source, plants can not be built
everywhere.
3- Effect on Plants
and Animals
• During the operation of hydroelectric power
plants, the amount of dissolved oxygen in the
water decreases as the flow rate of the river
decreases most of the time. Oxygen falling
below a certain value; can cause mass fish
deaths.
4- Flood and Erosion Risk
Many trees are cut down during the construction of hydroelectric power plants. Although this is a
damage to the environment, the reduction of trees on steep slopes brings with it the risk of erosion
and flooding.
Recent Status of Hydropower
Installed Capacity
• The growth in the capacity of
renewable energy sources plays a
major role in preventing global
warming.
Highly flexible sources of generation
are needed to avoid massive
blackouts.
Electricity consumption in the United
States totaled 3,802 terawatt hours in
2020
Impact of Climate Change
on Turkey's Water Potential
•Turkey is struggling with
climate change with the
necessary project studies ,
these are;
• determination of
groundwater potential
• water potential modeling
work in all base
• Sectoral impact analysis
• Preparation of climate
change projections
EXISTING PLANTS • theoretical hydroelectric potential is 433 billion kWh/year
• assessable hydroelectric potential is 216 billion kWh/year,
OF TURKEY AND • developed potential is 158 billion kWh/year
GENERAL
INFORMATION.
 TURKEY'S
HYDROELECTRIC
POTENTIAL AND
DEVELOPMENT STATUS

•total of 1,255 storage facilities

• 778 are dams(baraj)
•Atatürk Dam 817 km2, Keban
Dam 675 km2, Karakaya Dam 268
km2
• hydroelectric energy meets 14%
of primary energy production and
3.9% of total consumption. ... Of
Turkey's 47,947 MW/year
hydraulic potential power, 19,619
MW/year, 41.3%,

Atatürk Dam
Hydroelectric Power
Plants Established by DSİ
•Total 683 hydroelectric power plants in Turkey
•28,571 MW and the average annual total
production is 99.6 GW/h
•corresponds to approximately 55% of the total
developed potential
•total hydroelectric installed power is 28,503 MW
•According to TEİAŞ electricity generation is 88.89
billion kWh
Atatürk Dam and
Hydroelectric Power Plant
• for energy and irrigation(sulama) purposes.
• the scope of the GAP Project.
• 8 Francis type units, each with 300 MW power
• total power of 2400 MW
• annual electricity generation capacity of 8900 GWh
• it produced 144 billion KWh of energy
• economic equivalent of this value is $15 billion
• %20 of the energy produced in hydroelectric power plants
in Turkey.
• 6th largest dam in the world
• employs 400,000 people, planned to employment to 1
million 750 thousand people