MECHATRONICS

(Course Code:18ME744)

Department of Mechanical Engineering

JSS Academy of Technical Education, Bangalore-560060
 TEXT BOOKS

• Mechatronics Electronic control system in Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, W Bolton,

Pearson Education, 1st Ed., 2005.

REFERENCE BOOKS:

• Mechatronics by HMT Ltd. - Tata McGraw-Hill, 1st Edition, 2000

Further Reference:
National Programme on Technology Enhanced Learning (NPTEL)
https://nptel.ac.in/courses/112103174/1 by Dr. S. N. Joshi (IITG)
 Learning Objectives

• Appreciate the relevance of Mechatronics in engineering design.

• Substantiate the need for interdisciplinary study in technology education.

• Understand the applications of microprocessors in various systems.

MECHATRONICS

CHAPTER 1: Introduction to Mechatronics

 Module 1

Introduction: Scope and elements of mechatronics, mechatronics design process.

Measurement system, requirements.
Types of control systems, feedback principle, Basic elements of feedback control
systems, Classification of control system.

Examples of Mechatronics Systems

• Automatic Car Park system
• Engine management system
• Antilock braking system (ABS) control
• Automatic washing machine
 Module 1

Transducers and sensors: Definition and classification of transducers, Difference

between transducer and sensor, Definition and classification of sensors, Principle of

working and applications of light sensors, Potentiometers, proximity switches and

Hall Effect sensors, LVDT, Capacitance sensors, force and pressure sensors, Strain

gauges, temperature sensors.

 INTRODUCTION

• The term Mechatronics is originated in Japan (1969)

• Coined by “Tetsuro Mori”.

• An engineer of Yaskawa Electric Corporation.

• The word mechatronics was registered as trademark by the company. Tetsuro Mori

• The company later released the rights to use the word to the public.

• Nowadays, the word is considered an essential term for industry.

 INTRODUCTION
Why is it important

• Mechatronics is an integration of electronics and mechanical systems.

• Getting jobs done, enhancing the technology.

• Mechatronics used in the automation of machines, servo-mechanics, industrial

goods, biomedical systems, energy and power systems, automobiles, data

communication systems, computer aided design, CNC and DNC systems, etc.
 INTRODUCTION

• Application of electronics and computer technology to control the motions of

mechanical systems.
 INTRODUCTION

• It is a multidisciplinary approach to product and manufacturing system.

• It involves application of electrical, mechanical, control and computer

engineering to develop products, processes and systems with greater flexibility.

 INTRODUCTION
• It concurrently includes all these disciplines.

Kevin Craig's definition of mechatronics

 INTRODUCTION
Examples of Predominately Mechanical devices

Bimetallic thermometer

Ball valve

Bimetallic strip
 INTRODUCTION
Examples of Mechatronics system

• Domestic washing machines

Passenger cars / automobiles are equipped with safety Devices;

• Air-bags

• Parking (proximity) sensors

• Anti-theft electronic keys

• Autofocus, auto-exposure camera etc.

 INTRODUCTION
Examples of Mechatronics system
 INTRODUCTION
Examples of Mechatronics system
 INTRODUCTION
Examples of Mechatronics system

Actuators
• AC or DC Motors
• Water inlet / drain
Sensors
• Water level
• Load speed / balance

• Understanding of load sizes.

• Drum to hold clothes
• Agitation of drum
• Ease of use, Reliability, Low Cost
 INTRODUCTION
Examples of Mechatronics system
 INTRODUCTION
Examples of Mechatronics system

A computer disk drive is an rotary mechatronic sys.

• Requires
• Accurate positioning of the magnetic read head
• Precise control of media speed.
• Extraction of digital data from magnetic media.
 INTRODUCTION

Importance of Mechatronics in automation

• Customers are demanding variety and higher levels of flexibility in the

products.

• Demands and competition in the market

• Essential to automate the manufacturing and assembly operations of a

product.
 INTRODUCTION
Evolution / Levels of integration of Mechatronics system

Incorporates l/O devices like sensors and actuators, integrates electrical

First Level signals with mechanical action. E.g. Fluid valves, Rotary tables, Conveyors

Second Integrates microelectronics into electrically controlled devices.

Level E.g.: Cassette player, turbines, generators, industrial robots

Incorporates advanced feed back functions. “Smart Systems”

Third Level E.g. Hard disk, CD drives, automatic washing machines

Improves the smartness, introducing intelligence.

Fourth Level E.g. Fault Detection and Isolation (FDI) systems.
Evolution
 Basic Elements in Mechatronics system

The mechatronics systems are composed of sensing, processing and

actuating elements.
Basic Elements in Mechatronics system
 INTRODUCTION
Basic Elements in Mechatronics system

1. Actuators: Used as mechanisms (assembly of linkages) to introduce motion, or

to prevent motion.

e.g. Mechanical, Electrical actuators (transducers), Electric, Hydraulic, Pneumatic.

• A device that converts a control signal (usually electrical) into mechanical action.

2. The sensors: A device that converts an environmental condition into an electrical

signal.
 INTRODUCTION
Basic Elements in Mechatronics system

3. Digital devices: Controls the system.

4. Conditioning and interfacing circuits: Provide connection between the control

circuits and the input/output devices.

5. Graphical displays provide visual feedback to users.

 INTRODUCTION
Embedded systems

• The term embedded system refers to,

microprocessors are embedded into systems.
(SoC).

• A microprocessor is a collection of logic gates

and memory elements, logical functions are
implemented by means of software.

• Not designed to be programmed by the end user.

• E.g.: Washing Machine, Engine Management, ABS, Cell

phone
 INTRODUCTION
Embedded systems

• An embedded system is a combination of

computer hardware and software designed
for a specific function or functions within a
larger system (SoC).

• The systems can be programmable or with

fixed functionality.
 Design Process

Design process for any system involves a number of stages.

1. The need: Customer need / Market research.

2. Analysis of the problem: Defining the Problem precisely.

3. Preparation of a specification: Constraints: operating environment / standards

4. Generation of possible solutions

5. Selections of a suitable solution: Simulations / optimization

6. Production of a detailed design: Prototypes

7. Production of working drawings: conversion of the selected design into product.

 Design Process

In designing mechatronic systems; one of the step is the creation of a model of the
system.

System: A block diagram which has an input and an output.

E.g. of system
 Mechatronic Design Process

The mechatronic design process consists of three phases:

• Modeling and simulation

• Prototyping

• Deployment / Life cycle

Mechatronic Design Process
Domestic Washing machine
Example of Sequential controller
 Engine Management System (EMS)

• EMS is responsible for managing the ignition and fuel requirements of the engine
 Engine Management System

Engine Management system

• Sensors
• Electronic Control Unit (ECU): Microprocessor / Microcontroller
• Fuel Delivery system & Ignition system: Actuators

Self Diagnosis & Enhanced Engine protection

Engine Management System

Elements of an engine management system

Engine Management System
 Advantages and Disadvantages of Mechatronics

Advantages Disadvantages

Cost effective & reliable product High initial cost of the system

Imperative to have knowledge of

High degree of flexibility & productivity different engineering fields for design
and implementation.

Specific problems for various systems

Greater extent of machine utilisation will have to be addressed separately
and properly

Reduction in the capital expense due to Expensive to incorporate mechatronics

integration of complex systems approach to an existing / old system
End of Module