Curved Beams

The flexure formula applies to a straight member, since

it was shown that the normal strain within it varies
linearly from the neutral axis. If the member is curved,
however, this assumption becomes inaccurate, and so
we must develop another method to describe the stress
distribution.
Curved beam is a member that has a curved axis and is
subjected to bending.
Typical examples include hooks and chain links. In all
cases, the members are not slender, but rather have a
sharp curve, and their cross-sectional dimensions are
large compared with their radius of curvature.
This crane hook and chain links represents a typical example of a curved beam.
A nalysis 𝐨𝐟 𝐂𝐮𝐫𝐯𝐞𝐝 𝐛𝐞𝐚𝐦
 
Arc
 
𝑙=𝑟
  .𝒅 𝜭
 
𝜀 =¿

(1)
  𝑅−𝑟
𝜀 =𝑘 ( )

(2)
  K=
𝑟

𝜎  =𝐸 𝜺

  𝑅 −𝑟
𝜎 = 𝐸𝑘 ( 𝑟 ) (3)
 
(R)
 𝑇𝑜
  𝑔𝑒𝑡 𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑏𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑀
❑ ❑
   
∑ 𝑀 𝑁. 𝐴
  𝑀 =∫ ¿ ¿
𝐴
𝑀 =∫ 𝜎 . 𝑦 𝑑𝐴
𝐴

❑
  𝑅−𝑟
𝑀 =∫ 𝐸𝑘
𝐴
(
𝑟 )
. (𝑅 −𝑟 ) 𝑑𝐴
  ❑ 𝑑𝐴 𝐴
∫ =

(A)
𝐴
𝑟 𝑅
  ❑
∫ 𝑑𝐴 = 𝐴

(B)
𝐴

 ❑
 
= ∫ 𝑟 𝑑𝐴=´𝑟 𝐴
(C)
𝐴

𝐴
 
[ ( )
𝑀 = 𝐸𝑘 𝑅 2
𝑅
− 2 𝑅𝐴 +´𝑟 𝐴
]
(4)
 𝐴
 
[ ( )
𝑀 = 𝐸𝑘 𝑅 2
𝑅
− 2 𝑅𝐴 +´𝑟 𝐴
]
 𝑀 = 𝐸𝑘 𝐴 [ ´
𝑟−𝑅]

(5)
  𝑀
𝐸𝑘 =
𝐴[´
𝑟 −𝑅]

(3)
  𝑀
𝝈 =
𝐴 [𝑟
´ − 𝑅 ]
(6)
 2
 𝐴 =325 0 𝑚𝑚

 = 233.08 mm
 ❑
  𝑑𝐴
∫ =11.16 𝑚𝑚
𝐴
𝑟

❑
  𝑑𝐴
∫ =2.89 𝑚𝑚
𝐴
𝑟

 = 231.42 mm
The curved member is subjected to the internal moment of M = 50 kN-m.
Determine the percentage error introduced in the computation of maximum
bending stress using the flexure formula for straight members.
Straight Member: The maximum bending stress developed in the straight member

 
𝜎=
𝑀𝑦  
𝜎=
( 50 𝑥 106 ) 100 𝜎 =75 𝑀𝑃𝑎
 
𝐼 10 0 𝑥 200
3

12
  Curved Member: When = 200 mm, = 300 mm
=  200 mm , = 400 mm

The location of the neutral surface from the canter

of curvature of the curve member is

 𝑅 = ❑ 𝐴   𝑅 = 100 𝑥 200
𝑑𝐴 400
∫ 𝑟 100 𝑙𝑛
𝐴 200
  𝑅 =288. 539 𝑚𝑚
   = -60.78 MPa

  = 96.57 Mpa (Max.)

Thus,
 % of error =
 The curved member is made from material having an allowable bending
stress of. Determine the maximum allowable internal moment M that can be
applied to the member.
   = 300 mm =  200 mm , = 400 mm

The location of the neutral surface from the canter

of curvature of the curve member is

 𝑅 = ❑ 𝐴   𝑅 = 100 𝑥 200
𝑑𝐴 400
∫ 𝑟 100 𝑙𝑛
𝐴 200
  𝑅 =288. 539 𝑚𝑚

  For = 400 mm
  = 82.3 kN-m

  For = 200 mm

  = 51.8 kN-m (controls)