How to begin a Qualitative

Research
Practical Research 1
Short Quiz

Identify the kind of reasoning used in

the following statements.
(Inductive or Deductive)
1.

All raccoons are omnivores.

This animal is a raccoon.
This animal is an omnivore.
2.

Most Labrador retrievers are

friendly.
Kimber is a Labrador retriever.
Therefore, Kimber is friendly.
 3.
The cost of goods was $1.00.
The cost of labor to manufacture the item was $0.50.
The sales price of the item was $5.00.
Therefore, the item always provides a good profit for
the stores selling it.
4

Acute angles are less than 90 degrees.

This angle is 40 degrees, so it must be acute.
5

All cats have a keen sense of smell.

Fluffy is a cat, so Fluffy has a keen
sense of smell.
6

The chair in the living room is red. The

chair in the dining room is red. The chair
in the bedroom is red. All the chairs in
the house are red.
7

Ray is a football player. All the other

football players on the high school team
weigh more than 170 pounds. Therefore,
Ray must weigh more than 170 pounds.
8.

All noble gases are stable.

Helium is a noble gas, so helium
is stable.
9.

All farmers like burgers.

Jethro likes chicken wings.
Therefore, Jethro is not a farmer.
10
Bob is showing a big diamond ring to his friend Larry.
Bob has told Larry that he is planning to marry Joan.
Bob must be surprising Joan with the diamond ring
tonight.
 Major Differences in Quantitative and
Qualitative Data
Qualitative Quantitative

Objectives It aims to create a claim or conclusion based on

the gathered data.
The purpose is to test the hypothesis to an
specific experience.

Data Description Uses pictures, words, sentences, paragraphs, It measures using numbers, scales,
compositions, narrations. computations, and statistical tools.

Data Gathering - Uses interviews, observations, group -uses survey questionnaires checklist
discussions. -uses close ended questions or a rating scale.
- Uses open-ended questions
 Qualitative Quantitative

Activities Inductive Reasoning Deductive Reasoning

The researcher starts Starts from hypothesis
with the observations, or already created
an open mind without theory emphasizing the
biases, gathering all previously researched
exact details, of the phenomenon.
topic and
generalization.
Data Analysis Synthesis, interpret, Statistical, objective.
thematic
On choosing a
Topic for Research
The first challenge of any
researcher is to choose a
topic.
Things to consider in choosing a topic
1. It should be something new.
2. It should be significant to the field of study or
discipline.
3. Arouse intellectual curiosity.
4. It should be researcher’s interests.
5. It should be time-bounded.
6. It should be specific.
7. It should be localize.
Things to consider in choosing a topic
8. It should consider the availability of data involved in
the study and the methods and techniques to be
employed in gathering them.
9. It should consider the availability of effective
instruments for gathering the data and their treatment.
10. It should consider the time factor involved in the
undertaking.
 How to get acquainted with your topic?
- In research, reading is inevitable.
- Go to the library.
- Surf the Net? Yes, but make sure your data are verified. Be critical to
the websites. Some websites are not reliable as sources in your
research. The lesser internet source, the better.
- Read newspaper, magazines, books, Encyclopaedia, Almanac, Atlas.
- Watch videos related to your topic in Youtube.
- Have a research notebook. Jot down anything that is somehow relevant
to your topic. Do not forget to include the source.
Credibility of Sources
WHO
• Who is the author of the source? 
• What are they known for? 
• Do they have a background in the subject they wrote
about? 
• Does the author reference other sources?
Are those sources credible too?
Credibility
WHAT
• What does the “Main” or “Home” page of a website look
like?
• Is it professional looking? 
• Is there an organization sponsoring the information, and do
they seem legitimate
• Do they specialize in the subject? 
Credibility

WHEN
• When was the source generated — today,
last week, a month, a year ago?
• Has there been new or additional
information provided since this information
was published?
Plagiarism is a crime
According to the Merriam-Webster online dictionary, to
"plagiarize" means:
• to steal and pass off (the ideas or words of another) as one's own
• to use (another's production) without crediting the source
• to commit literary theft
• to present as new and original an idea or product derived from an
existing source
In other words, plagiarism is an act of fraud. It involves both
stealing someone else's work and lying about it afterward.
Good Title
1 Keep it simple, brief and attractive: The primary
function of a title is to provide a precise summary of
the paper’s content. So keep the title brief and clear.
Use active verbs instead of complex noun-based
phrases, and avoid unnecessary details. Moreover, a
good title for a research paper is typically around 10 to
12 words long. A lengthy title may seem unfocused and
take the readers’ attention away from an important
point.
2. Use appropriate descriptive words: A good
research paper title should contain key words
used in the manuscript and should define the
nature of the study. Think about terms people
would use to search for your study and include
them in your title.
3] Avoid abbreviations and jargon: Known
abbreviations such as AIDS, NATO, and so on can
be used in the title. However, other lesser-known
or specific abbreviations and jargon that would
not be immediately familiar to the readers should
be left out.