Boiler

 Boiler, also called steam generator

 The engineering device which generates steam at

constant pressure.

 It is a closed vessel, generally made of steel in which

vaporization of water takes place.
 Classification of Boiler
 Based upon utility of boiler:

 (i) Stationery boiler, such boilers are stationery and are

extensively used in power plants, industrial processes,
heating etc.

 (ii) Portable boiler, such boilers are portable and are of

small size. These can be of the following types,

 Locomotive boiler, which are exclusively used in

locomotives.

 Marine boiler, which are used for marine applications.

 Classification of Boiler
 Based on type of fuel used:

 (i) Solid fuel fired boilers, such as coal fired boilers

etc.

 (ii) Liquid fuel fired boilers, such as oil fired boilers

etc.

 (iii) Gas fired boilers, such as natural gas fired boilers

etc.
 TYPES OF BOILERS

 FIRE TUBE BOILERS

 WATER TUBE BOILERS

 FIRE TUBE BIOLERS

 Fire tube boilers are those boilers in which

hot gases (combustion products) flow
inside the tubes and water surrounds them
 WATER TUBE BOILERS

 Water tube boilers are those boilers in

which water flows inside the tubes and
hot gases surround them.
 BOILER MOUNTINGS AND ACCESSORIES

BOILER MOUNTINGS
 Devices which are mounted on boiler for its
control and safe operation are called
“mountings”.

BOILER ACCESSORIES
 Devices which are mounted on boiler for
improving its performance are called
“accessories”.
 BOILER MOUNTINGS

 (i) Water level indicator

 (ii) Safety valves
 (iv) Fusible plug
 (v) Pressure gauge
 BOILER ACCESSORIES

 (i) Super heater

 (ii) Economizer
 (iii) Air preheater
 (iv) Feed pump
 BOILER
ACCESSORIES/MOUNTINGS
 Feed check valve - regulates the flow of water into the boiler and prevents
the back flow of water in case of failure of the feed pump.
 Steam stop valve - regulates the flow of steam that is produced in the boiler
to the steam pipe, and may also be used to stop the supply of steam from
the boiler
 Fusible plug - placed at the lowest level of water and above the combustion
chamber, its function is to extinguish the fire as soon as the water level in
the shell of the boiler falls below a certain marked level.
 Blow-off cock - removes water from the shell at regular intervals to remove
the various impurities that may be settled at the bottom of the shell.
 Safety valves - automatically prevent the steam pressure from exceeding
safe levels
 Water-level indicators - indicate the level of water in the shell
 Steam Turbine
 A Turbine is Prime mover in which the
Pressure Energy of Steam converted into
the kinetic Energy and later in its turn is
Trnasfered into Mechanical Energy of
rotation of turbine shaft.
 The usual turbine has four main parts.

 The rotor is the rotating part which carries

the blades or buckets.

 The stator consists of a cylinder and casing

within which the rotor turns.

 The turbine has a base or frame, and finally

there are nozzles or flow passages which
expand the flow
 Classification of Steam Turbine
 With respect to general arrangement of flow:
 Single-flow

 Double-flow

 Compound, two-or-three cylinder, cross- or tandem-

connected
 Divided-flow

 With respect to direction of steam flow relative to plane of

rotation:
 Axial-flow

 Radial-flow

 Tangential-flow
 Types Of Steam Turbine

 ASSIGNMENT

 Impulse Turbine
 Reaction Turbine