MATERIALS

Bricks

-used for building and pavement all throughout

the world.
Brick Symbols
Brick Positions
Brick Lay-up
Concrete Masonry Units
(CMU)
Concrete Block Symbols
Classification based on
shape
Bullnose brick
Channel bricks
Coping bricks
Cownose bricks
Curved sector bricks
Hollow bricks
Paving bricks
Perforated bricks
Purpose-made bricks
Types of bricks
Common Burnt Clay Bricks
Sand Lime Bricks
Engineering bricks
Concrete Bricks
Fly Ash Clay Bricks
Classification based on
production
• Fired

• Cured
Fired Materials Production
Process
• Grinding , sizing and mixing of raw
materials
• Molding
• Chamfering
• Coating
• Drying
• Firing
• Packaging
 Cured Materials
Production Process
• Grinding , sizing and mixing of raw
materials
• Molding
• Curing
• Cubing and Storing
 Fired Materials
• Clay

• Glass
DIMENSION
Method of Molding Clay
Bricks
The soft mud process- a relatively moist clay (20 to 30% water) is pressed
into rectangular molds either by hand or with a molding machine.

The dry press process- used for clays that shrink excessively during drying.
Clay mixed with a minimum of water (10%) is pressed into steel molds by a
machine working at a very high pressure.

The stiff mud process- Clay containing (12 to 15% water) is passed through a
vacuum to remove any pockets of air then extruded through a rectangular
die. As the clay leaves the die, a surface texture is applied by attachments
that scratch , brush, roll, or in some way leave markings on the brick’s face.
 Classification by their
resistance to weathering
SW – resistance to severe weathering
MW – resistance to medium weathering
NW – for no resistance to weathering
 Cured Materials
Adobe

Concrete
Types Hollow Concrete
Blocks
Concrete Stretcher Blocks
Concrete Corner Blocks
Concrete Pillar Blocks
Jamb Concrete Blocks
Partition Concrete Block
Lintel Blocks
Frogged Brick Blocks
Bull Nose Concrete Block
Dimensions
 Gypsum Block
Dimension
80mm
• (656mm x 500mm x 80mm)
100mm
• (656mm x 500mm x 100mm)
120mm
• (656mm x500mm x120mm)
150mm
• (620mm x400mm x 150mm)
• (620mm x 500mm x 150mm)
200mm
• (620mm x320mm x200mm)
• (620mmx 400mm x 200mm)
 Cured Materials
Gypsum

Sand lime
Grades
 ACCESSORIES
Mortar

-workable paste used to bind building blocks such as stones,

bricks, and concrete masonry units together, fill and seal the
irregular gaps between them, and sometimes add decorative colors
or patterns in masonry walls.
Masonry Joint Reinforcement

Cement Mortar
 SpecialUnits
Special Units

Cement Mortar

Bond Beams
 SpecialUnits
Special Units

Cement Mortar

Lintels
 Special Units

Cement Mortar

Caps and Copes

 SpecialUnits
Special Units

Cement Mortar

Headers
 SpecialUnits
Special Units

Cement Mortar

Jambs
 SpecialUnits
Special Units

Cement Mortar

Sills
 SpecialUnits
Special Units

Cement Mortar

String Courses
 SpecialUnits
Special Units

Ornamental Cement Mortar

Features