MTH-105 LECTURE 18

(Multivariable Calculus)

Department of mathematics CUI Wah

by
Zertaisha Nasir

Online Classes Fall 2020

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1LyjnNUVuRZ3ZHe3pDgqVZ9vb87YkO6lq/vie
w?usp=sharing
Summary of Lecture # 17

Application of Derivatives

Absolute Maxima and Minima

Topics to be cover in this lecture

Application of
Derivatives
Lagrange
Multiplier
Method
Lagrange Multiplier
Steps for solving a problem by Lagrange Multiplied
• First find gradient of f (x,y) and gradient of g(x,y).
f  x, y   ?
g  x , y   ?

• Find all the values of (x,y, ) satisfying the following

equation
f  x , y    g  x , y 
g  x, y   0
• After finding all the possible points substitute in f(x,y)
to get the absolute maximum or absolute minimum subj-
ected to the constrain.
SOLUTION

(5)
 Exercise 13.9, Anton

Solution
f  x, y    f x , f y    2 x, 2 y 
As, g  x, y   x 2  y 2  25
g  x , y    g x , g y    2 x , 2 y 
By following the step 2,

 2 x, 2 y     2 x, 2 y 
 2x   2x &  2 y   2 y and, x 2  y 2  25  0
Solving equations to find (x,y, )
 2x   2x (1)

 2y  2y (2)
(3)
x 2  y 2  25  0
Solving (1)
2x   2x  2x   2x  0  x  1     0
Case-1 if x  0
then   1 x  0 or x  0
Putting in (2)

 2 y   1 2 y  y  0

Putting in (3)
x   0   25  0  x  5
2 2

It gives the points  5,0  ,  5,0 

Case-2 if x  0
Putting in (3)

 
2
0  y 2
 25  0  y  5

It gives the points

Total points obtained are

 5,0  ,  5,0   0, 5 ,  0, 5 

f  5,0   25
f  5,0   25 Maxima

f  0,5   25
Minima
f  0, 5   25
Exercise 13.9, 10th Edition Anton, practice question 5-12.
Hint: Demand of the question is to minimize the distance of

Distance between point and origin is let |OP|

We have to minimize |OP| so let us take f(x,y,z) from |OP|

f  x 2  y 2  z 2 and g  2 x  y  z  5  0
step  1
 2 x,2 y, 2 z     2,1, 1
 2X=2λ ,2y = λ , 2z = -λ

X = λ , y = λ/2 , z = -λ / 2
Putting these values in

g = 2x + y – z – 5 = 0

We get

2λ + λ /2 + λ /2 -5 =0
  
2    5  0
2 2
 2    5  0
5
 
3
5
It gives  x, y, z    2,1, 1
6
 Practice Questions
Exercise 13.9 10th Edition Anton, practice question 5-12, 17-23
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1q63RMwKNCoo4b2b1HTEQAqijY4iWYL4
Z/view?usp=sharing