PROJECT SEMINAR

on
“DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF MULTIPURPOSE AGRO-VEHICLE”
BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING
In
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
Presented By
Srinidhi.M 1RL17ME047
Syed Mahammad Vaseem 1RL17ME050
Uppakuntla Jayadeep 1RL17ME053
Uttarkar Venkata Shabareesh 1RL17ME054
UNDER THE GUIDANCE
OF
Dr. Hanumanthe Gowda
Associate Professor & Head
DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
R.L.JALAPPA INSTITUTE OFTECHNOLOGY
KODIGEHALLI, DODDABALLAPUR-561203

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERNING

 CONTENTS
 ABSTRACT

 INTRODUCTION
 LITERATURE SURVEY

 PROBLEM DEFINITION
 OBJECTIVES

 CONCEPT GENERATION

 EXPERIMENTAL SETUP

 CONCLUSION
 FUTURE SCOPE

 REFERENCES

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERNING

 ABSTRACT
 High booming population and rapid industrialization has adversely affected
the energy sector.
 Alternative energy resources are being searched for replacing the fossil fuels
which is in the verge of depletion and also harmful to the environment.
 Recent census shows that as much as 67 percent of India’s farm land is held
by the marginal farmers with holding below one hectare.
 Food crisis may become threat to the upcoming generations.
 In this project, the use of solar energy for mechanization in agricultural
sector in small and medium scale which is eco-friendly.
 The Multipurpose Agro-Vehicle powered by solar panel will perform
various operations such as Ploughing, Seed-sowing, Fertilizing, levelling,
Harvesting.
DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERNING
 INTRODUCTION

1. India is an agriculture-based country in which, 70% of people depends on

the outcome of farming.
2. Farmers are very poor due to which they are unable to purchase tractors
and other costly equipment’s hence they use traditional method of farming.

3. The traditional farming methods will not satisfy need of energy

requirement of the farming as compared to other countries in the world.

4. We are thinking that human and animal efforts can be replaced by some
advance mechanization which will be suitable for small scale farmer from
economical and effort point of view.
 
1
DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERNING
 LITERATURE SURVEY

1. F.A. Adamu et Al draws our attention towards the performance factor of a

power tiller.
2. Jeremy et AL In 2005 designed and fabricated solar charged cutter machine.
3. Dr. Ramesh et AL (Review journal on seed sowing equipment), 2014 He
presented information regarding the various types of innovations done in the
sowing equipment.
4. Amit et AL – 2016 Global journal of solar seeding machine.
5. L.P. Raut et AL They discussed about thedesign, development and
fabrication of agriculture pesticides sprayer with weeder.

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 PROBLEM DEFINITION
1. Fossil fuels, largely used for vehicle propulsion, are doomed to
depletion; their price tends to increase and is subject to large and
unpredictable fluctuations.
2. The CO2 generated by combustion process occurring in conventional
thermal engine contribute to the Green House Effects, with dangerous
and may be dramatic effect on Global Warming and Climatic Changes.
3. Solar Energy is the most reliable renewable source of energy for the
future generation.
4. The number people involved in agriculture are reduced day by day due
to less recognition, lack of infrastructures and less productivity due to
the convectional way of farming.

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 OBJECTIVES

1. To reduce human effort in the agricultural field with the use of small
machine.

2. To perform all 4 operations at single time, hence increases production and

saves time.

3. To complete large amount of work in less time.

4. The usage of solar can be utilized for battery charging. As the machine
works in the field, the rays of the sun can be used for solar power
generation.

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 CONCEPT GENERATION
Concept 1:

Figure: Mini Power tiller

Advantages:
1. Simple in design and construction, Easy to fabricate

2. Requires less material to fabricate

Limitations:
1. The overall strength of the chassis is less

2. Difficult to take this tiller in roads due to metal wheels

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Concept 2:

Figure : Multipurpose Solar Agro-vehicle

Advantages:
1. Highly productive

2. Multipurpose operations can be performed effectively

Limitations:

1. Power required is more

2. Impractical for hilly areas as it is not easily portable

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Concept 3:

Figure: Multipurpose Hybrid Agro-vehicle

Advantages:

1. Moderate initial cost but effective in long run.

2. Zero emission and no fossil fuel consumption.

Limitations:

1. May be little expensive for some group of farmers

2. Sunlight is not available in every seasons and times.

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Summary of Concept Generation:
We have made three conceptual design of a probable agro-vehicles that we
could have chosen.
1. Due to the use of diesel/petrol engine and is design defect for using it in
roads, concept 1 i.e., mini tiller is discarded.
2. due to expensive cost of fabrication, complex design and less efficiency,
second concept hybrid i.e., solar electric agro-vehicle is discarded.
3. According to our conscience and project objectives, concept 3 is best
suitable to fabricate according to our needs.

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 EXPERIMENTAL SETUP
METHODOLOGY :
Block Diagram :
LEFT WHEEL
SOLAR MOVEMENT
PANEL DC MOTOR
RIGHT WHEEL
DC MOTOR MOVEMENT

CHAIN SEED SOWING AND

BATTERY DRIVE SPRAYING

LEVELER TO CLOSE THE

SEEDS
HARVESTER

FOR CROP CUTTING

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERNING 9

WORKING PRINCIPLE:

1. The working model consists of Solar Panels along with Charging

Controller connected to Battery for the storage of solar energy.
2. The radiation energy trapped by the silicon cells in Solar Panels is
converted to Chemical Energy.
3. The Chemical energy of Battery is converted to rotational energy by
motor implanted in the model.
4. The rotational energy of the motor is transferred to the Shaft by the help
of belt drive.

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2-D Diagram of the Model
1. Frame :

Top view

Front View

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2. Steering Dimensions :

3. DC Motor :

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4. Digger :

5. Seed Sowing :

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3-D Diagram of the Model :

Figure: 3-D View

Figure: Front View Figure: Side View Figure: Top View

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COMPONENTS
 DC Motor Geared 12V
 DC Motor 1-12 volts,60 rpm (Harvesting)
 Solar Panel
 Vehicle Chassis
 Wheels
 Harvesting blade
 Battery 12 Volts
 Switches Arrangement
 Water Pump
 CFL or LED lighting system
 Fabrication – Metal body

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Calculations:
Different design aspects like Flow feed rate, seed rate and tool life are taken
into consideration during the design process.
1. Flow feed rate
Depth of cut, D= 5 cm
Speed of the tool= 2.0 km/hr~35 m/min
No. of tools= 2
Feed rate= Speed x N x D;FR= 35x2x0.05
Feed rate, FR= 3.5 m2 /min
2. Tool Life
From Taylor’s tool life equation, vT^n = C
Where, v= velocity, T= Tool life and C= Taylor coefficient
For mild steel, n=0.2
v= 35 m/min
35xT^n=100
T= 2.85x10^20cycles
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3. Seed Sowing Rate
Speed of the rotation = 30 rpm
Row spacing= 20 cm
Seed sowing time= 2 sec/per seed
No. of openings = 2
Seed dropping per minute = 30x2 =60 seeds
If the speed of the wheel is 35 m/min, then for 35-meter 60 seed is dropped.

4. Motor Selection
Vehicle rim diameter= 39 cm
Required speed= 2-7 km/hr
Weight= 180-210 kg (approx.)
Normal reaction on each wheel= W/4= 45 kg= 441.45 N
Friction force acting on each wheel= µN= 0.07*441.45= 30.90 N
Total rolling resistance, F= 4*30.90= 123.606N

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Torque required= F*r = 123.606* 0.195 = 24.103 Nm
ω= v/r = 0.833/0.195= 4.271 rad/s
N= (60* ω)/2π = 40.78 rps
P= 2πNT/1000= 0.11026 kW= 110.26 watts
Total Power required= 570+110.26= 680.26 watts
Therefore, motor of 750W power is selected.
5. Battery Selection
System Voltage= 48V
Load Current= 680/48= 14.16 A
Estimate 4 hours work per day
Load current= 4*14.16= 56.66 Ah/day
Size of battery= 56.66 Ah/day
Energy required for 750W motor= 56.66*48= 2719.68 Wh/day
Therefore, 12V battery of 60Ah/day is selected.

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 FABRICATION (In Progress..)

Figure: Mild steel rods for chassis Figure: Chassis with steering and wheels
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 CONCLUSION
o A multipurpose agricultural model can be fabricated that can work up to the
small and medium scale cultivation efficiently with enhanced productivity.
o The nation’s severe energy crisis can be minimized through the use of
renewable energy resources like solar, hydropower etc. in farming sectors.
o Efficient seed sowing with equal spacing along with fertilizer placement can
be done with this model which may reduce seed wastage and improved
fertilizer utilization.
o Remote Area farmers can get in touch with low cost agricultural equipment to
increase their crop yield and enhance their economic condition.

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 FUTURE SCOPE
o The power capacity of the vehicle can be improved according to the
productivity required and the design can be altered.
o Solar panels can be used as the primary source of power as the cost of
panels can lower in coming days and weight to power ratio can also be
improved.
o Seed sowing and Fertilizer spraying capacity can be increased further as
the capacity of vehicle increases.
o Harvesting can be included as the added feature of the vehicle using slider
crank mechanism.
o Metallic wheel frame can be assembled to the vehicle to perform farming
works during rainy seasons.

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERNING 21

 REFERENCE

[1]. Sandesh R, Sadhashivam A, Lankesh A N and Pavan kumar G M, Final Year

Project report on "Design And Fabrication Of Multifunctional Mini Power Tiller"
under the guidance of Dr. Hanumanthe Gowda,Associate Professor,RLJIT.
[2]. D.A mada, Sunday Mahi, " The Role of Agricultural Mechanization in the
Economic Development for small scale farms in Adamawa state", The
International Journal of Engineering and science (IJES), Volume -2, Issue
-11,ISSN(e):2319 2319-1805.
[3]. F.A Adamu , B.G. JAHUN and B.Babangida" Performnance Evaluation of
power tiller in Bauchi state Nigeria Agriculture and Health care 2224-3208
(paper)ISSN 2225 Vol.4, No.9 2014.
[4]. Massod ur Rahman1*, Zahid Mahood2, Taj Ali2,Muhammad Aziz irfan
Mufti3, Jehangri Khan seyal4, Munir Ahmad5. Effect of Gear compostion and soil
Interaction on surface Wear of worm gear of self proppelled Rotary Hoe,
1Department of Agricultural Mechanization, The University of Agriculture
Peshawar.

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERNING 22

[5] Nitin Kumar Mishra, Shashwat Khare Paper on “Multipurpose Agriculture
Machine” from International Journal of Advances in Science Engineering and
Technology, ISSN 2321-9009, Vol.No.5, ISS1 spl. Issue -2 Feb 2017.

[6] Prof. Bhane A.B. Paper on “Three In One Agricultural Vehicle System”
from International Journal of Recent Development in Engineering and
Technology. ISSN 2347-6435, Vol.No.4, Issue 4, April 2015.

[7] Yasmeen Malik, Vikas Kumar, international journal of Advanced Research

in a Review on Hybrid Electric vehicle.

[8] Spina MA, De La Vega RJ, Rossi SR, et Al. Source issues on the design of a
solar vehicle based on Hybrid Energy System.

[9] Prof.SWAPNILL.KOLHE,NILESHB,GAJBHIYEVIVEKB,DESHMUKH,
“Eco Friendly Mechanically operated Multipurpose Spray Pump” International
Journal of Research in Advent Technology, Vol.2, No.2, February 2014 E-
ISSN: 2321-9637

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 THANK YOU

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERNING 24