•1.

deal with
• Handle, take care of, address (problem, situation).
"The manager is good at dealing with difficult customers."
•2. deck out (in/with)
• Dress; decorate.
"The women were all decked out in beautiful dresses."
"The exhibition hall will be decked out in the colours of
Europe."
•3. die down
• Calm down, become less strong.
"When the applause died down, she started to sing."
•4. dish out
•Distribute or give away a lot.
"He spent the day dishing out invitations to tourists."
•5. do over
•Clean or redecorate.
"My parents will need to do over their living-room soon. The
paintwork needs refreshing."
Identifying different types of text
A. persuasive
B. instructive
C. informative
D. descriptive
A. persuasive
B. instructive
C. informative
D. descriptive
A. persuasive
B. instructive
C. informative
D. descriptive
• 3.This car has an aluminium body to resist rust and bumper shields
that can absorb an impact of up to 7 mph without distortion.
A. persuasive
B. instructive
C. informative
D. descriptive
• 4. We’re having a brilliant time in Scotland. You get such a feeling of
space. The hills seem to go on forever. The only trouble is the
weather. It hasn’t stopped raining since we arrived!
A. persuasive
B. instructive
C. informative
D. descriptive
Answering strategy:
1.Read the first question and underline the key words.

2.Read the text from the beginning, simultaneously

scanning it for the information that relates to the question.

3.Once you found the key words or their synonyms in the

text - look for the answer (it should be somewhere close).
4. One you've found the answer, read the next few lines of
the text to make sure that it is correct. Also, reread the
question.

5. Repeat this strategy with other questions, but now read

the text from the place where you stopped the last time.
Tips:
•Scan text for the key words and their synonyms.

•Cross out the answers which are obviously wrong. This will help you to
identify the correct answers more quickly.

•The order of questions can help you. Answer for question 4 will be
between answers for questions 3 and 5 in the text.

•Don't rely on your own knowledge, the correct answer contains ONLY
information stated in the text.
Reading Skills Continued
• Decoding
• Fluency
• Comprehension
Vocabulary

• To understand what you’re reading, you need to understand most of

the words in the text. Having a strong vocabulary is a key component
of reading comprehension. Students can learn vocabulary through
instruction. But they typically learn the meaning of words through
everyday experience and also by reading.
Sentence Construction and Cohesion

• Understanding how sentences are built might seem like a writing skill.
So might connecting ideas within and between sentences, which is
called cohesion. But these skills are important for reading
comprehension as well.
Reasoning and Background Knowledge

• Most readers relate what they’ve read to what they know. So it’s
important for kids to have background or prior knowledge about the
world when they read. They also need to be able to “read between
the lines” and pull out meaning even when it’s not literally spelled
out.
Working Memory and Attention

• These two skills are both part of a group of abilities known as 
executive function. They’re different but closely related.
• When students read, attention allows them to take in information
from the text. Working memory allows them to hold on to that
information and use it to gain meaning and build knowledge from
what they’re reading.
• The ability to self-monitor while reading is also tied to that. Students
need to be able to recognize when they don’t understand something.
Then they need to stop, go back, and re-read to clear up any
confusion they may have.
Take this example:
• A child is reading a story about a poor family in the 1930s. Having
knowledge about the Great Depression can provide insight into
what’s happening in the story. The child can use that background
knowledge to make inferences and draw conclusions.
Reading Practice
• Why does coffee shoot out of the lid of your cup?
• You're running late for work and you've purchased your coffee in a hurry. Just as you
arrive at the office, a jet of hot liquid escapes from the tiny hole in the lid, leaving you
with hot beverage residue on your clothes before the day has really started.
Question) What accident might occur at work in the morning, after you bought coffee?

A. You spill it all over the place accidently.

B. You get burns from the hot coffee.
C. You contaminate your clothes with it.
D. Nothing out of ordinary.
• This is exactly what happened to Rob Kaczmarek after buying a cup of his favourite caffeinated
drink. The marketing director at Convergent Science was intrigued by why the coffee shoots out
so far and therefore set about modelling this, initially as a joke for those who enjoy a bit of
computational fluid dynamics. It's the design of the lid that's the problem, he explains.
• "It happens because of the sloshing of the coffee against the lid, which is kind of unique. At the
end of the lid, the hole is right up above that. As the coffee sloshes against the end of the lid,
that velocity is amplified and it splashes up through the actual hole.“
Question) Rob Kaczmarek explains to us that:
A. The coffee shoots out very far.
B. He sat his experiment as a joke.
C. He was really intrigued by spilling the coffee.
D. Coffee spils because of the design of the lid.
• Not all coffee cups are designed with a hole, of course. Some have lids
with a tiny hole and others peel back to reveal a much larger gap,
which offsets the shooting jets of hot liquid.
Question) The main reason coffee spills is:
A. Velocity.
B. Sloshing.
C. Design of the cup.
D. It is not stated.
• Question) This text might be classified as:

A. Scientific.
B. Humorous.
C. Fictional.
D. Romantic.
More parctice
• August 1985: The worst month for air disasters
• There are many grim landmarks in the history of aviation. One in particular
stands out. Three decades ago, 720 travellers and crew lost their lives on
board commercial aircraft in a single month - more than in any other before
or since.
Question) When did the 720 travellers die?
A. Thirteen decades ago.
B. A few decades ago.
C. 30 years ago.
D. There is no information about it.
• The deaths occurred in four separate accidents in August 1985. Each
disaster had quite different causes. The aircraft involved ranged from
a 747 with hundreds on board to a tiny twin engine turboprop
carrying just eight people that should be half of it
Question) Twin engine turboprop could carry:
A. Eight people.
B. Four people.
C. Two people.
D. Only a pilot.
• There was Japan Air Lines flight 123, the worst single-aircraft accident in history,
in which 520 of 524 on board were killed. A further 137 died when Delta flight
191 flew into heavy winds as it approached Dallas-Fort Worth International. A
fire on board British Airtours flight 28M at Manchester Airport led to 55 deaths.
And all those on board the smallest aircraft, Bar Harbor Airlines flight 1808, lost
their lives as it flew into a small airport in Maine, USA.
Question) The worst accident in history, according to the paragraph, was:
A. Flight 123.
B. Delta flight 191.
C. British Airtours flight 28M.
D. Bar Harbor Airlines flight 1808.
• Each, in their own way, had a lasting legacy, whether in the memories of those left
bereaved or in changes in technology and procedure introduced as a direct result.
The worst death toll was on Japan Air Lines Flight 123, a Boeing 747, which was en
route from Tokyo to Osaka on 12 August 1985 when the airtight bulkhead between
its cabin and tail tore open. The change in pressure blew off the vertical stabiliser,
or tail fin. It also destroyed the hydraulic systems. The plane lurched up and down.
Question) Why did the Japan Air Lines Flight 123 crashed?
A. The change in pressure blew off the vertical stabiliser.
B. Destruction of the hydraulic systems.
C. The airtight bulkhead between its cabin and tail tore open.
D. It is unknown.
• The majority of the earth's glaciers are located near the poles. The
reason glaciers are generally formed in high alpine regions is that they
require cold temperatures throughout the year. In these areas where
there is little opportunity for summer ablation (loss of mass), snow
changes to compacted fim and then crystallized ice.
TRUE   if the statement agrees with the information
FALSE   if the statement contradicts the information
NOT GIVEN   if there is no information on this

1. All glaciers exist near the north and south poles of the earth. 
•  Smoking, it is believed, is responsible for 30 percent of all deaths
from cancer and clearly represents the most important preventable
cause of cancer in countries like the United States today.

Q) Thirty percent of deaths in the United States are caused by smoking-

related diseases
• The smaller chilies tend to be the hottest. This may reflect the fact
that they tend to grow closer to the ground and are therefore more
vulnerable to animals. 

Q) All large chilies grow high off the ground.