Postharvest Management

KEY CHECK 9:
Dried, cleaned, & stored grains properly
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 Why do we grow rice?

a. for commercial use (food) b. for seed purposes (planting)

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 Growing inbred rice for food or commercial use

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• You cannot improve the quality
of grains after harvest. You can
only maintain it through proper
postharvest practices.
• Even after harvest, grains are
alive and continue to respire.
Grain quality deteriorates
because of changes in
temperature and relative
humidity that affect the moisture
content of grains.

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 Importance of Key Check 9

Proper postharvest practices (drying, cleaning, and storage):

make long
maintain quality
storage
of grains
possible

maintain quality
prevent
of palay
postharvest
suitable for
losses
milling

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 Importance of Key Check 9

Producing high-quality rice helps in:

• meeting customer’s
requirement
• acceptance of the
product in the market
• achieving greater
overall market value
for produce _ __ __

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Assessment of Key Check 9

Dried grains uniformly within

12-24 hours after harvest.

Properly stored cleaned

grains at 12-14% MC.

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 Recommendations to Achieve
Key Check 9
1. Dry the palay uniformly within 12-24 hours after harvest.
• Use mechanical dryers at
temperature not exceeding flatbed dryer recirculating dryer
50°C or 70°C for 5-8hrs.
• When drying dripping wet
palay, operate the dryer with
unheated air during the first
1-2 hours of drying or until
18% MC (skin dry).
• Reduce drying air
temperature to 40-45°C
during the last two hours of
drying or when MC is about RRDeJoya
15%. Dry grains to 12-14%
MC.
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 Recommendations to Achieve
Key Check 9
RRDeJoya

• When no
mechanical dryer is
available, sundry on
clean cemented
pavement.

Stir the grains at

least once every 30
minutes for uniform
drying.

As much as possible,
avoid re-wetting of
dried palay by rain.
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 Drying for milling purposes
Sun drying Mechanical drying
- low maintenance cost - not weather-dependent
advantages

- thorough and - requires less labor

complete drying - controlled drying air
- energy-efficient temperature
- kills fungi and other - easier operation
storage pests - kills fungi and other
storage pests

disadvantages
- weather dependent - higher drying cost
- requires more labor - uneven drying
- uncontrollable (conventional flatbed)
heating - less energy efficient
- prone to
contamination
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 Recommendations to Achieve
Key Check 9
2. Place dried grains on top of palette to protect it
from dampness while awaiting grain cleaning.
• Use clean
containers or sacks
with plastic lining.
• Ensure correct label
is placed inside and
outside the sack.
• Temporary storage
of dried grains
before cleaning
should not be
longer than 3 days.

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 Recommendations to Achieve
Key Check 9
3. Clean dried grains 2-3 days after harvest.
• Remove impurities such as chaff
or unfilled grains and straw. These
impurities have high MC, that
cause hot spot inside the sack.

If using a grain cleaner, regulate the

speed of the cleaner to minimize
losses.

Ensure grain cleaner is free from any

possible mixtures before using.
RRDeJoya

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 Recommendations to Achieve
Key Check 9
4. If not sold immediately, • Never store clean, dried
keep rice in a storage area grains together with
that is waterproof, with agricultural chemicals,
proper aeration, and free fertilizers, cement in the
from rats, birds, pests. same storage area.
• Check for heating by
lifting the top bag and
feeling the bag below.
• Inspect the stocks at
least once a week to
detect pest infestation,
physical damage, and
staining caused by
water.
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Recommendations to Achieve
Key Check 9
• Keep the storage area
clean and tidy inside and
outside, and ensure
periodic aeration:
a. prevent re-entry of moisture
in stored grains
b. protect grains from insects,
rodents, and birds
c. facilitate loading and
unloading
d. maximize the use of space
e. ease product maintenance
and management

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 Recommendations to Achieve
Key Check 9
5. In carrying bags of rice, do not drag to prevent damages
to the packages. Use sack barrows if available.

http://tinyurl.com/sackbarrow

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 Recommendations to Achieve
Key Check 9
6. Prepare the stack layout plan before the sacks
arrive.
• Do not mix varieties in one
stack or pile. Do not mix in
the stack old and new
harvests.
• Stack should be built up to
the edge of the palette.
Bonded stacks are more
stable.
• Provide air spaces in every
stack for ventilation.

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 Recommendations to Achieve
Key Check 9
• Stacks should not be so high
that packages at the bottom are
crushed or split (e.g. 6-7 bags
high). Height of stacks should
not exceed the height of the
walls.

• Maintain 1 meter space between

stacks and walls and roof
frames.

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 Input Output Outcome
• high-
quality • higher
• dried,
grains income
cleaned,
• reduced • ensured
and stored
postharve supply of
grains
st losses quality
properly
• maintaine rice
d viability

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Production Assistant:
Mr. Renz Romyl de Joya

Technical Reviewers:
Ms. Susan Brena; Dr. Ricardo Orge;
Dr. Manuel Jose Regalado

Courseware Reviewers:
Ms. Lea dR. Abaoag; Ms. Ev Angeles

Note:
Produced in 2019 based on results of a series of
consultation workshops with PhilRice R&D staff.

You may use, remix, tweak, & build upon this

presentation non-commercially. However, always
use with acknowledgment.

Unless otherwise stated, the names listed are

PhilRice staffers.

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Review!

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 Dry grains Properly store Maintain
uniformly within cleaned seeds minimum of
at
12-24
hours
12-14 85
percent percent
after harvest. moisture germination
content. rate.

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THANK YOU
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