SRI SIDDHARTHA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

(A CONSTITUTENT COLLEGE OF SRI SIDDHARTHA ACADEMY OF HIGHER EDUCATION)

Approved by AICTE, Accredited by NBA, NAAC with “A” Grade
MARALUR, TUMAKURU– 572105

PROJECT PHASE - I
INTELLIGENT TRAFFIC LIGHT CONTROL USING PLC

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

Under the Guidance of: Submitted by:

YOGANANDA B S M.TECH., (PH.D.) MISTE CHETHAN S P (18EE018)
KARTHIK S (18EE033)
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR
MANOJ D
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND (18EE037)
ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING
MOHAMED MERAJ S (18EE040)
   
 1
TABLE OF CONTENTS

 Introduction
 Literature Survey
 Objectives
 Methodology
 Expected Outcome
 References
 2
INTRODUCTION

 Traffic light which is one of the vital public facilities plays an important role to the road users.
 Traffic signal light is used to control the movement of vehicles and passengers, so that traffic
can flow smoothly and safely.
 The traffic signals are cyclically displayed through a suitable timing and control mechanism. 
 The transition of the light is controlled by PLC to help the traffic movement run smooth from
one direction to the other.
What is PLC ? 3
A Programmable logic controller is a special form of
microprocessor based controller that uses memory to
store instructions and implement functions like logic,
counting, timing and arithmetic in order to control
machines and processes.
Types of PLC :
There are mainly two types of PLC’s :
• Compact PLC
• Modular PLC
Manufacturers of PLC :
• Allen Bradley
• Delta
• Siemens
• Mitsubishi PLC
BLOCK DIAGRAM OF PLC
 4
PROS AND CONS OF USING PLC

ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES
 Easy to change logic that is flexibility  Fixed program applications
 Reliable due to absence of moving parts  Fail-safe operation
 Low power consumption  Initial cost of PLC is high
 Easy maintenance due to modular assembly
 Rugged and designed to withstand humidity,
temperature, noise and vibrations.
LITERATURE SURVEY 5

SEMAPHORE ARMS
 The early traffic lights first took root in London
and were controlled by Traffic police using
semaphore arms in day and at night they relied on
gas to illuminate in darkness.
 Gas-powered lights were volatile, these early
traffic signals caused serious injuries and
accidents when they exploded or caught on fire. It
was deemed a public health hazard and banned
from the streets.
LITERATURE SURVEY 6

TRAFFIC TOWERS
 Until the 1900’s in the United States, police
officers primarily manually directed traffic through
a combination of using hand signals from towers.
 Police man delayed the traffic by stopping vehicles
at the intersection during peak hours.
 This also resulted in re-entrant collision of
vehicles.
 7
LITERATURE SURVEY
RELAYS
 Later on, relays were used in traffic light control
system extensively before further advancement.
 Due to their design, relay modules are subjected to
electrical and mechanical wear.
 Relays cannot switch rapidly, operation speed for
relay is limited.
LITERATURE SURVEY 8

MICROCONTROLLER
 Microcontrollers are also used in many parts of
the world. Even though they are cost effective,
Microcontrollers lack higher speed, performance,
and reliability.
 Microcontrollers have limited number of input
and output units and they are not scalable.
 Microcontrollers are not robust and they cannot be
used in harsh environments and power
fluctuations may easily destroy microcontroller.
 9
OBJECTIVES

 To reduce the heavy traffic and congestion on the road

 Reducing the complications involved in relays and microcontrollers by using PLC
 To save energy and man power
 10
METHODOLOGY

The main aim of this project is to attain the above mentioned objectives which can be done
through the implementation of PLC based Traffic light control. PLC based system is
proposed due to the analysis done between the various types of traffic signal control. The
procedure for the implementation of the proposed project is as follows :
 Hardware materials - PLC module ,Traffic lights (Red, Green, Yellow), Power supply
 The traffic sequence will be based on the left-drive jurisdiction
 Implementation of Ladder Diagram Logic using PLC software
 Working Process : 11
 Initially complete control system of Traffic Light
is been designed in the PLC software. And this
software design must be tested and simulated.
 Later, if the software based programming is
successful. It is transferred from programming
device to PLC (Input module).
 The uploaded logic will be stored in memory and
then processed through the CPU.
 With the help of PLC’s output module, Traffic
light interfacing is done and transferred on to
practical environment.

WORKING SYSTEM OF TRAFFIC LIGHT CONTROL

 12
Traffic sequence

The traffic sequence will be based on the left-drive jurisdiction as shown in

figure
   13
EXPECTED OUTCOME

 This proposed method for controlling of traffic light may help reduce congestion on
roads and would help in coping with accidents.
 With the use of PLC it can increase the accuracy of the switching of different signal
lights. Thus, the proposed system would make our roads a safer place to travel.
 It can also reduces the man power required to do the similar work and save energy.
   14
REFERENCES

1. International Journal of Innovative Research in Electrical, Electronics, Instrumentation and

Control Engineering Vol. 4, Issue 1, January 2016
2. Traffic Control System using PLC Smita Kumari1, Seema Kumari, Gunupur, Rayagada,
Odisha, India

3. Apeejay Stya University Project report on Traffic light using PLC in June, 2016

4. John w. webb and Ronald a.reis, “programmable controller, principles and applications.

5. W. Bolton, 2000, “Programmable Logic Controllers”. Second edition

THANK YOU