Membrane Transport –

Active Transport
LO: to be able to explain the process
of active transport and the
differences to diffusion.

Starter:
Complete the following

Diffusion is the movement of particles ………… a …………..

gradient from an area of ……………….. concentration to an area
of …………………………..
  

Active Transport
Sometimes it is necessary to move molecules in a
different direction, from where they are in low
concentration to where they are in high
concentration.
This requires energy and is called active transport.
What is a Concentration Gradient?
• Hills and graphs have gradients

• 1) Which is the steepest gradient?

• 2) Which move up a gradient and which move
down a gradient?
moving down a concentration gradient

Which way will the particles move?

 moving UP or against a concentration
gradient

ENERGY

The particles can move up the concentration gradient if

energy is used

This is active transport

 Active transport
• This DOES Require energy
• Particles move against a concentration
gradient.
• The energy is needed to make “pumps” move
particles the wrong way.
• E.g. glucose from the intestine into the blood
Active Transport
Active transport in plants
 Active Transport
• Movement of particles from an area of low concentration to
an area of higher concentration
• against the concentration gradient through a semi permeable
membrane.
• Energy from aerobic respiration is used to move these
substances
 Active Transport
Inside of cell Outside of cell
ATP
ADP
P
Active Transport Osmosis Diffusion

Requires energy No energy required No energy required

Occurs over a Occurs over a No membrane required

membrane membrane
Requires carrier Requires a partially
proteins in the permeable membrane
membrane
Substances move Water moves down a Substances move down
against the concentration gradient a concentration gradient
concentration
gradient