Course Name: introduction to computer

Course Code: ICT-507

Credit Hours: 3(2-1)
Topic: Introduction
Level: BS

Department of Information Technology , Government College Women University

Faisalabad
WHAT IS A COMPUTER?

• A computer is a programmable electronic device designed to work with

information and that can be instructed to manipulate data and information.
Cont..

• The term computer came from a Latin word ‘Computer’ meaning to calculate or
a programmable machine. The word computer refers to Center Processor Unit
and Internal Memory.
1.DATA AND INFORMATION

• Data is related to representing facts and figures, instructions, concepts or

knowledge in an formalized manner.

• Data could be represented with the help of characters and alphabets (A-Z or a-z)
digits (0-9) or special characters (+,-, /,*, =.>, < etc.)

• Information includes organized or classified data which is meaningful and is

processed in a meaningful way in accordance to the requirements
Cont..

• For data to be meaningful, the processed data must qualify for the following
characteristics:

1. Timely: Information should be available whenever is required.

2. Accuracy: Information should be accurate and precise
3. Completeness: Information should be complete and focused.
INFORMATION PROCESSING CYCLE:

Information processing cycle includes input, processing, storage, and output.

Information processing is the method of converting raw data into useful or
meaningful information.
Cont..

Following are the four stages of Information Processing Cycle.

1. INPUT:
• Input is entering data into the computer.
2. PROCESSING:
• Performing some operations on data is called processing
3. STORAGE:
• Storage is the process of saving data in a soft or physical form.
4. OUTPUT:
• Results obtained at the end is called information
2.THE COMPONENTS OF A COMPUTER

• There are five major component of computer:

1. Input devices
2. Output devices
3. System unit
4. Storage device
5. Communication device
INPUT DEVICES

• A data input device may be hard are or electronic.

There are three general type of input devices
1. Keyboard
2. Pointing devices
3. Source entry device
Cont..
• Keyboard:
A keyboard is input device that enables an individual to enter letters, numbers, and
alternative symbols into a computer.
Cont..

• Pointing devices:
There are different types of pointing device
1. Mouse
2. Track ball
3. Touch pad
4. Graphic tablet
5. Touch screen
6. Light pen
7. Joy stick
Cont..

• Source entry devices

These devices are used for direct data entry device to the computer system few
of them are as under.
1. Bar code reader:
2. Magnetic strip card:
3. MICR (magnetic ink character recognition)
OUTPUT DEVICES

• An output device is any device want to send knowledge from a computer to a

different device or user.
Cont..

They are different types of output devices

1. Monitor
2. Printer
3. Speaker
4. Headset
5. Projector
6. Plotter
STORAGE DEVICES

These are the following storage devices:

1. Magnetic Storage Device
2. Floppy disk
3. Hard drive
4. Magnetic strip
5. Optical device
6. Blu-ray disk
7. USB flash drive
8. Cloud storage
COMMUNICATION DEVICES

• A communications device is any style of hardware capable of transmittal

knowledge, directions, and knowledge between a sending device and a receiving
device.
Cont..

• There are different types of communication devices

1. Dial up Modems
2. Router
3. HUB
Thank you