Fundamental Beliefs of Islam

Department of Islamic Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences and

Humanities, Riphah International University Islamabad, Pakistan
Email : life.living@riphah.edu.pk Contact # +92,320,7863888
Fundamental Beliefs of Islam

• Definition of Iman and Articles of Iman

• Building and Strengthening Iman
• Unity of One God (Tawhīd)
• Prophet-hood
• Hereafter
• Impact of Fundamental Beliefs on Human Behavior (dunya and A\al-Akhirah)

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Objectives of the lecture

• To define Imaan and recognize the articles of Imaan

• To understand the measures for building and strengthening Imaan
• To know about the unity of God, Prophet-hood and Hereafter
• To highlight the impacts of Fundamental Beliefs on Human Behavior (dunya
and al-Akhirah)

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 Definition of Imaan

The firm unfaltering faith in Allah SWT: his names & attributes as described by himself and his Rasool

‫ﷺ‬. Belief in all that has been authentically conveyed by Rasulullah ‫ ﷺ‬from Allah

attested by the tongue, affirmed by the heart, and acted upon by the limbs
:‫قال اإلمام الحسن البصري رحمه هللا‬
َ ‫ص َّدقَهُ ال‬
.)65 :‫ْعم ُل (شعب اإليمان للبيهقي‬ ِ ‫ َولَ ِك ْن َما َو َق َر فِي الْ َقل‬،‫َّمنِّي‬
َ ‫ َو‬،‫ْب‬ ِ َ ‫يما ُن بِالت‬
َ ‫َّحلِّي َواَل بالت‬ َ ِ‫س اإْل‬
َ ‫لَْي‬

Iman is not by wishing or ostentatious show, But what is firmly rooted in the heart
And verified by deed!
Imam Hassan Albasari

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Definition of Imaan
Hadeeth e Jibraeel

)8 :‫(صحيح مسلم‬.‫ َوُت ْؤِم َن بِالْ َق َد ِر َخرْيِِه َو َشِّرِه‬،‫أَ ْن تُ ْؤِم َن بِاَللَّ ِه َوَماَل ئِ َكتِ ِه َوُكتُبِ ِه َوُر ُسلِ ِه َوالَْي ْوِم اآْل ِخ ِر‬

"It is that you believe in Allah and His angels and His Books
and His Messengers and in the Last Day, and in fate (Qadar),
both in its good and in its evil aspects.“

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Articles of Iman from Hadith Jibreel A.S.

1. Belief in ALLAH
2. Belief in Prophets
3. Belief in angels
4. Belief in Books
5. Belief in Day of Judgement
6. Belief in QADR
For details see: Islam at a Glance, page:107.
https://www.islamicstudies.info/literature/glance.htm#a3

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 Belief in ALLAH ‫هّٰلل‬
ِ ‫َم ۡن ٰا َم َن بِا ِ َو ۡاليَ ۡو ِم ااۡل ٰ ِخ ِر َو ۡال َم ٰلٓـئِ َک ِة َو ۡال ِك ٰت‬
​َۚ ّ‫ب َوالنَّبِ ٖي‬
)177:‫ن (البقرة‬

Who Believe in Allah and the Last Day, the angels, the Book and the Prophets,
First duty of Muslim to declare his faith
‫آل إله إال هللا محمد ّرسول هللا‬
There is no god but Allah (and) Muhammad (PBUH) @‫ ص@@لىهللا@@@ عليه@ وعلىآ@@له@ وسلم‬is Allah's messenger/prophet
 ‫وأشهد أن محمدا رسول هللا‬ ‫ أشهد أن ال إله إال هللا‬   
This brief declaration (Kalimah) is composed of three elements.
1: The concept of divinity
2: The denial of divinity to all other things.
3: the affirmation of divinity only to Allah (God).
See: Understanding Islamic Civilization, By Sayyid Maududi, page:70.
https://islamicstudies.info/literature/fundamentals.htm

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 Attributes of Allah Almighty
Following are the basic and some of the more important attributes of Allah.

1: He is the Eternal, the Everlasting and the Self-existing. It means that He has always been and shall always be. No body
has created Him. He exists of His own.

2: He is the Creator of everything. It means that He creates things and brings them into existence from nothingness.

3: He is the Lord (the Sustainer). It means He provides food to everyone and sustains everything.

4: He is the King and the Ruler and each and everything is owned by Him and is subservient to Him.

5: He is the knower. It means that He knows everything, every action and every movement. What has happened, what is
happening and what will happen, everything is in His knowledge. Nothing is beyond His ken.

6: He is the worshipped. He descries that we worship Him, prostrate before Him and address all our prayers, longings and
supplications to Him.

7: He is the One. It means that in all His attributes no one is His competitor or sharer.

For details see: Islam at a Glance, page:12,13.. https://www.islamicstudies.info/literature/glance.htm#a3

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Unity of God (TAWHEED)
Tawheed in Arabic means attributing Oneness to Allaah and describing Him as being One and Unique, with no
partner or peer in His Essence and Attributes.
It may be defined as follows: Believing that Allaah is One with no partner or associate in His Lordship
(ruboobiyyah), divinity (uloohiyyah) or names and attributes (al-asma’ wa’l-sifaat). 

The illustrious Qur'an and the sayings of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) reveal that the
essential implications of this Unity are as follows:
1: There is no other being except Allah, Who has come to exist by His own virtue. Everything else is creation
and has been created by Allah
2: Allah is basically different from all other beings and there is no one at all similar to Him.
3: It is to please Allah alone that one should be concerned about. This and this alone should be the motive and
ultimate goal of all his actions.
4: All actions and movements of worship, should be reserved for Allah.
5: Allah is the Supreme Ruler of this universe. He alone has the right to command, to forbid and to subjugate.
He is the real Law-Giver and Law-Maker.

For details see: Islam at a Glance, page:14,15.. https://www.islamicstudies.info/literature/glance.htm#a3

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Belief in Hereafter life
The Noble Qur’an extensively examines the issue of Ākhirat life. Some Qur’anic verses
concern the principle of resurrection and respond to the criticisms of deniers. Other verses
in this regard shed light on the resurrection of the dead and the state of humans in the
Hereafter (Ākhirat).
.87 :‫ سوؤة النساء‬.‫َص َد ُق ِم َن اللَّ ِه َح ِديثًا‬
‫أ‬ ‫ن‬ ‫م‬‫و‬ ِ ِ‫اللَّهُ اَل إِلَهَ إِاَّل هو لَيجمعنَّ ُكم إِلَى يوِم ال ِْقيام ِة اَل ريب ف‬
‫يه‬
ْ ْ َ َ َ َْ َ َ ْ َ ْ َ َ ْ َ َ ُ
Allah - there is no deity except Him. He will surely assemble you for [account on] the Day of Resurrection,
.about which there is no doubt. And who is more truthful than Allah in statement

.40 :‫ سوؤة الدخان‬.‫ين‬‫ع‬ِ ‫ص ِل ِمي َقا ُتهم أَجم‬

ْ ‫إِ َّن َي ْوَم الْ َف‬
َ َْ ُْ
Indeed, the Day of Judgement is the appointed time for them all -
ِ
.53 :‫ سورة يس‬:‫ض ُرو َن‬ ٌ ‫ص ْي َحةً َواح َدةً فَِإذَا ُه ْم َج ِم‬
َ ‫يع لَ َد ْينَا ُم ْح‬ َ ‫ت إِاَّل‬
ْ َ‫إِ ْن َكان‬
It will not be but one blast, and at once they are all brought present before Us.

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 Belief in Hereafter Life
The term al-Akhirah embraces a whole set of ideas:

(i) that man is not an irresponsible being, but is answerable to God for all his conduct in this world;

(ii) that the present order of the world is not timeless, but will come to an end at an appointed hour known only to God;

(iii) that when this world comes to an end God will bring into being another world in which He will resurrect, at one and the
same moment, all the human beings ever born on earth. He will gather them together, examine their conduct and grant each
one just reward for his actions;

(iv) that those who are accounted good in God's judgement will be sent to Heaven, and those judged by Him as evil-doers will
be consigned to Hell;

(v) that the real measure of success and failure is not one's prosperity in the present life, but one's success or failure according to
God's judgement in the Next. Those who do not accept this set of beliefs can derive no benefit from the Qur'an. For if a man is
merely in a state of doubt and hesitation with regard to these matters - let alone disbelieving them - he cannot advance even
one step forward along the path charted out by the Qur’an.
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http://www.islamicstudies.info/tafheem.php?sura=2&verse=1&to=7
Rational evidence of hereafter life

The Possibility and Necessity of Resurrection

Possibility of the Resurrection

1: Creation of the First Human

2: The Illimitable Power of God
3: Examples of Resurrection in Nature

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Belief in prophethood
Need for Prophethood
Purpose of human being in this world is to worship Allah Almighty. The
possible sources to know about this purpose are;
• reason (intellect)
• intuition and willpower
• collective contemplation as against the individual contemplation
But all these sources are weak and not perfect.
The only way to know the injunctions and commands is Revelation and it
happens through the prophets. Allah chooses his slaves to convey His to human
beings through His prophets.
For details see: Islam at a Glance, page:23,24.. https://www.islamicstudies.info/literature/glance.htm#a3
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 Characteristics of prophets

• All the Prophets were human.

• God-Gifted knowledge
• All of their teachings and commands were directly revealed th them by Allah
Almighty and they had the same message
• Innocence of Prophets (A Prophet is innocent. He errs neither in perception and
deduction, nor in action and conduct. His passions, conduct, thoughts and deeds
are proof against all kinds of evil influences.
As they were the roll model for human being that’s why Allah gifted them these
qualities and attributes.
(The Islamic Vision of Life,Vol. II, Page: 124-129. By Khurshid Ahmad )

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Nature of Prophethood
• Position of Prophet's Teachings (Whatever is taught by a Prophet to men is on Allah's behalf. He says
nothing on his own)
• Universality of Prophethood (Prophets have been sent to every nation)
• Position of Prophets (Complete submission and obedience to Prophet is absolutely essential. To believe so
is a pre-requisite of faith).
• Denying of a Single Prophet is also Disbelief.
• To explain the commandments revealed in the book
• Teacher and trainer for human souls according the divine will
• Roll model for believers
• Law giver
• Justice between the people in the light of divine wisdom
(The Islamic Vision of Life,Vol. II, Page: 131-139. By Khurshid Ahmad )

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Belief in Prophet Muhammad (Peace be upon him)

Some attributes of Prophet Muhammad (Peace be upon him)

Allah said in the Quran;
(53‫ن‬ ‫عن ْ َله‬
: @‫ا@@@ َوى“) ا@@لعمرا‬ ْ َ ‫” َو َما َ ْني@@ ِط ُق‬
{nor does he say (aught) of (his own) Desire}.(
Allah said,
(31‫ن‬: @‫ي@@ بِ ْب ُك ْم@ ُهَّللا َويَ ْغفِرْ َ ُكل@@ْم@ ُذنُوبَ ُك ْم@“) ا@@لعمرا‬ َّ‫ُّون َهَّللا َ ات‬
ْ‫ف@@@بِ ُع@ونِي ُ ح‬ َ ‫ت@@@ب‬ ‫” ُ ْق@@ل ِ ْإ@ن ُك@ْنتُْم@ ُ ِح‬
{Say (O Muhammad ): "If you do love Allah, then follow me: Allah will love you and forgive you your sins’},
(03:31), He also said,
(21‫ب‬ : @‫ُول ِهَّللا ُأ@ ْس َوةٌ َح َسنَ ٌة“) ا@@الحزا‬ ‫” َ قَل@@ ْد َك@ َان َ ُكل@@ْم@ ِ ي‬
ِ ‫ف@@@ َرس‬
{You have indeed in the Messenger of Allâh a beautiful pattern (of conduct)},
And Allah said,
(158‫ف‬: @‫ُول ِهَّللا ِ َلْيإ@@ ُك ْم@ َج ِم ًيع@ا“) ا@@العرا‬ ُ @@‫ُ ْق@@ل َ َاي@@أ@يُّ َه@ا لنَّا‬
ُ ‫اسِإ@نِّي َرس‬
{Say (O Muhammad): "O people! I have been sent as messenger of Allah all of you}

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 Finality of Prophet-hood

)33:40( ‫ان هَّللا ُ بِ ُكلِّ َش ْي ٍء َع ِلي ًما‬ َ ‫ان ُم َح َّم ٌد أَبَا أَ َح ٍد ِم ْن ِر َجا ِل ُك ْم َولَ ِك ْن َرسُو َل هَّللا ِ َو َخاتَ َم النَّبِي‬
َ ‫ِّين َو َك‬ َ ‫ما َك‬
“…but [he is] the Messenger of Allah and last of the prophets…”
‫ ((إن مثلي ومثل األنبياء من قبلي كمثل رجل بىن بيتاً فأحسنه‬:‫ قال‬،‫ صلى اهلل عليه وسلم‬،‫ أن النيب‬،‫ رضي اهلل عنه‬،‫"عن أيب هريرة‬
‫ وأنا‬،‫ فأنا اللبنة‬:‫ قال‬،‫ هال وضعت هذه اللبنة‬:‫ ويقولون‬،‫ ويعجبون له‬،‫ فجعل الناس يطوفون به‬،‫وأمجله إال موضع لبنة من زاوية‬
.3535 :‫ رقم احلديث‬:‫خامت النبيني" صحيح البخاري‬

My position in relation to the prophets who came before me can be explained by the
following example: A man erected a building and adorned this edifice with great beauty, but
he left an empty niche, in the corner where just one brick was missing. People looked
around the building and marveled at its beauty, but wondered why a brick was missing from
that niche? I am like unto that one missing brick and I am the last in the line of the Prophets.
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 Rational Evidence for the finality of prophethood
There are three cases in which a new prophet may come;
1: The teachings of the earlier prophets have been interpolated or corrupted or they have died
and their revival is needed
2: Their teachings were incomplete, and it is necessary to amend them, improve upon them, or
add something to them
3: That the earlier prophet was raised particularly for a certain nation or territory and a prophet
for another nation, people, or country be required
Now, the teachings of the last Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) are alive, have been
fully preserved and made immortal. Islam is the complete guidance for whole humanity, and
lastly, the Message of Muhammad (peace be upon him) was not meant for any particular people,
place, or period. He was raised as the world prophet-the messenger of the truth for the entire
mankind.
Towards understanding Islam, by Syed Moududi, page: 42, 43.
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Distinctive characteristics of prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him)

• Universality of his prophethood; he was not sent to any particular country or community
but to the whole world and the entire mankind.

• His Prophethood is eternal, in the same way as it is universal. With him (peace be upon
him) the chain of revelation (Wahy) and Prophethood (Risalah) has come to an end. No
other Prophet will now come for all eternity.

• The religion and Divine law which he has brought is perfect in every respect.

• Every word of the Book which was given to him is safe and would remain so till
Doomsday. Not to speak of a word, even a single dot has not been altered in it.
For details see: Islam at a Glance, page:145,147.. https://www.islamicstudies.info/literature/glance.htm#a3
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 Building/Strengthening Imaan
Belief in Prophets, Angels, Books, Day of Judgement
It is incumbent on a believer to believe in all messengers of God. One who refuses to believe in any one of
the messengers in fact rejects all, and he will be deprived of belief, because the teaching which has been
rejected by him is not the teaching of a particular messenger, it is the teaching of all the messengers.
The Holy Book Qur'an gives the real concept about angels. On one side the Qur'an established the pure and
perfect unity in God's being, His attributes, and actions, and on the other hand, presented the right concept
about angels so that the very door be closed, through which polytheism enters.
Human nature demands an authentic guidebook together with its teacher and guide, whether it may be in
written form or be preserved in the memory of people. It is the fact that the principles that are the bases of
thoughts and practices, morality and culture; if they cannot be preserved in their original form, the print of
the teachings gradually becomes dull in people's mind.
The life of human being does not come to an end with his death. It continues after his demise also. During
the course of his life whatever he does is finished so far its material results are concerned, but its moral
results still continue. A day will come when in accordance with the wisdom and will of Allah the whole
set up of this universe will be destroyed and no creature will remain alive. All, without any exception, will
be subjugated to death. In terms of the Qur'an this day is called "Doomsday".
(Understanding Islamic Civilization p. 62 -79 https://islamicstudies.info/literature/fundamentals.htm)
 Building Imaan

Tauheed’s effects on Human behavior : trust in ALLAH (Tawakkul)

َ ِ‫فَإِ َذا َع َز ْم َت فَتَ َو َّك ْل َعلَى هَّللا ِ إِ َّن هَّللا َ يُ ِح ُّب ا ْل ُمتَ َو ِّكل‬
 )159:‫ين (ال عمران‬
And when you are resolved on a course of action place your trust in Allah;
surely Allah loves those who put their trust (in Him)
‫س ِن َما‬ َ ً‫صالِ ًحـا ِّم ۡن َذ َك ٍر اَ ۡو اُ ۡن ٰثى َو ُه َو ُم ۡؤ ِمنٌ فَلَـنُ ۡح ِييَنَّ ٗه َح ٰيوة‬
َ ‫طيِّبَ ​ةً ۚ َولَـنَ ۡج ِزيَـنَّ ُهمۡ اَ ۡج َر ُهمۡ بِا َ ۡح‬ َ ‫َم ۡن َع ِم َل‬
)16:97( ‫َكانُ ۡوا يَ ۡع َملُ ۡو َن‬
“Whosoever acts righteously - whether a man or a woman - and embraces
belief, We will surely grant him a good life; and will surely grant such persons
their reward according to the best of their deeds.
Building Imaan

‫اد ُه مۡ اِ ۡيَمانًا  ۖ َّوقَالُ ۡوا َح ۡسُبنَا ال ٰلّهُ َونِ ۡع َم ا ۡلَوكِ ۡي ُل‬

‫ز‬ ‫ف‬
َ ۡ‫م‬
ََ ُ َ ‫ه‬‫و‬ۡ ‫ش‬‫خ‬ۡ ‫ا‬َ‫ف‬ ۡ‫م‬ ‫ك‬
ُ ‫ـ‬
َ‫ل‬ ‫ا‬
‫و‬ ۡ ‫ع‬ ‫م‬‫ج‬
ََُ َ‫د‬ۡ ‫ق‬
َ ‫َّاس‬
‫ن‬ ‫ال‬ َّ
‫ن‬ ِ
‫َّاس ا‬
‫ن‬
ُ ُ ‫ال‬ ‫م‬‫ه‬ُ ‫ل‬
َ ‫ال‬
َ َ‫ق‬ ‫ن‬
َ ۡ
‫ي‬ ِ َّ‫اَل‬
‫ذ‬
)173:‫(ال عمران‬
When people said to them: 'Behold, a host has gathered around you and you should fear them', it only
increased their faith and they answered: 'Allah is Sufficient for us; and what an excellent Guardian He is!‘
‫َواِ َذا َماۤ اُ ۡنِزلَ ۡت ُس ۡوَرةٌ فَ ِم ۡن ُه مۡ َّم ۡنيَّ ُق ۡوُل اَيُّ ُك مۡ َز َاد ۡتهُ ٰه ِذ ٖۤه اِ ۡيَمانًا​ ۚ فَاََّما الَّ ِذ ۡي َن اٰ َمنُ ۡاو َفَز َاد ۡت ُه مۡ اِ ۡي َمانًا َّوُه مۡ يَ ۡت‬
)124:‫سَ ۡب ِشُر ۡوَن (التبوبة‬
And whenever a new surah is revealed some of the hypocrites ask the believers (in jest):
"Whose faith has increased because of this?" As for those who believe, it will certainly
increase their faith, and they are joyful over that.
.28 :‫ سورة الرعد‬. ‫وب‬‫ل‬
ُ ‫ق‬
ُ ْ
‫ل‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ن‬
ُّ ِ‫الَّ ِذين آمنُوا وتَطْمئِ ُّن ُقلُوب ُهم بِ ِذ ْك ِر اللَّ ِه أَاَل بِ ِذ ْك ِر اللَّ ِه تَطْمئ‬
ُ َ ْ ُ َ َ َ َ
Such are the ones who believe (in the message of the Prophet) and whose hearts find rest in the
remembrance of Allah. Surely in Allah's remembrance do hearts find rest.
 Strengthening Imaan

)8:‫ت النَّ ِع ۡي ۙ ِم (لقمان‬ ُ ّ‫ت لَهُمۡ َج ٰن‬ ّ ٰ ‫اِ َّن الَّ ِذ ۡي َن ٰا َمنُوا َو َع ِملُ ۡوا ال‬
ِ ‫صلِ ٰح‬
Surely those who believe and do good deeds shall have Gardens of Bliss
ۡ ٌ ‫ٰيقَ ۡو ِم اِنَّ َما ٰه ِذ ِه ۡال َح ٰيوةُ ال ُّد ۡنيَا َمتَا‬
)39:‫ار (غافر‬ ِ ‫ع َّواِ َّن ااۡل ٰ ِخ َرةَ ِه َى َدا ُر القَ َر‬
My people, the life of this world is ephemeral, whereas the Hereafter, that is the permanent abode.
ُ ‫ض ُل هّٰللا ِ ي ُۡؤتِ ۡي ِه َم ۡنيَّ َشٓا ُ​ءؕ َوهّٰللا‬ َ ِ‫ض اُ ِع َّد ۡت لِلَّ ِذ ۡي َن ٰا َمنُ ۡوا بِاهّٰلل ِ َو ُر ُسلِ ٖ​هؕ ٰذل‬
ۡ َ‫ك ف‬ ‫اۡل‬
ِ ۙ ‫ض ال َّس َمٓا ِء َو ا َ ۡر‬ ِ ‫ضهَا َك َع ۡر‬ ُ ‫َسابِقُ ۡۤوا اِ ٰلى َم ۡغفِ َر ٍة ِّم ۡن َّربِّ ُكمۡ َو َجنَّ ٍة َع ۡر‬
)21:‫ض ِل ۡال َع ِظ ۡي ِم (حديد‬ ۡ َ‫ُذو ۡالف‬
So, vie with one another in seeking to attain your Lord's forgiveness and a Garden whose width is as
the width of the heaven and the earth, one which has been prepared for those who believe in
Allah and His Messengers. That is Allah's bounty which He bestows upon those whom He pleases.
Allah is the Lord of abounding bounty.
 Strengthening Imaan

‫ب اَل يَ ۡعلَ ُمهَ ۤا اِاَّل هُ َو​ؕ َويَ ۡعلَ ُم َما فِى ۡالبَ ِّر َو ۡالبَ ۡح ِر​ؕ َو َما تَ ۡسقُطُ ِم ۡن َّو َرقَ ٍة اِاَّل يَ ۡعلَ ُمهَا َواَل َحبَّ ٍة فِ ۡى ظُلُمٰ ِ اۡل‬
ِ ‫َو ِع ۡن َد ٗه َمفَاتِ ُح ۡال َغ ۡي‬
ِ ‫ت ا َ ۡر‬
‫ض َواَل‬
)59:‫ب ُّمبِ ۡين (االنعام‬ ٍ ‫س اِاَّل فِ ۡى ِك ٰت‬ ٍ ‫َر ۡط‬
ٍ ِ‫ب َّواَل يَاب‬
He has the keys to the realm that lies beyond the reach of human perception; none knows
them but He. And He knows what is on the land and in the sea; there is not a leaf which falls
that He does not know about and there is not a grain in the darkness of the earth or
anything green or dry which has not been recorded in a Clear Book.

LIFE AND LIVING

Impact of Fundamental Beliefs on Human Behavior (dunya and A\al-Akhirah)

The best of this world

Belief in ALLAH
‫هّٰللا‬
)22:54( ‫@ط ُّم ۡستَقِ ۡي ٍم‬ ِ ‫َواِ َّن َ لَهَا ِد الَّ ِذ ۡي َن ٰا َمنُ ۡۤوا@ اِ ٰلى‬
ٍ ‫ص َرا‬
Verily Allah always directs those that believe to the Right Way
ُّ ‫​هّٰللَا ُ َولِ ُّى الَّ ِذ ۡي َن ٰا َمنُ ۡوا@ ي ُۡخ ِر ُجهُمۡ ِّم َن‬
ِ ٰ‫الظلُم‬
)2:257( ‫ت اِلَ@ى ال@ ُّن ۡو ِر‬
Allah is the Guardian of those who believe, He brings them out of every darkness into light.
‫هّٰللا‬ ‫هّٰللا‬
ٍ ‫ اِ َّن َ ي ُٰدفِ ُع َع ِن الَّ ِذ ۡي َن ٰا َمنُ ۡ ٓوا​ ؕ اِ َّن َ اَل ي ُِحبُّ ُك َّل@ َخ َّو‬ 
)22:38( ‫ان َكفُ ۡو ٍر‬
“Surely Allah defends those who believe Certainly Allah has no love for the perfidious, the thankless”
ٌ ّ‫ت يَ ۡس ٰعى نُ ۡو ُرهُمۡ بَ ۡي َن اَ ۡي ِد ۡي ِهمۡ َوبِا َ ۡي َمانِ ِهمۡ ب ُۡش ٰرٮ ُك ُم ۡاليَ ۡو َم َج ٰن‬
 ‫ت تَ ۡج ِر ۡى ِم ۡن تَ ۡحتِهَا ااۡل َ ۡن ٰه ُر ٰخلِ ِد ۡي َن فِ ۡيهَا​ؕ ٰذلِ َك هُ َو ۡالفَ ۡو ُز ۡال َع ِظ ۡي ُۚ​م‬ ِ ‫يَ ۡو َم تَ َرى ۡال ُم ۡؤ ِمنِ ۡي َن َو ۡال ُم ۡؤ ِم ٰن‬
)57:12(
On that Day you will see believing men and women that their light will be running before them and on their
right hands. (They will be told): “A good tiding to you today.” There shall be Gardens beneath which rivers
flow; therein they shall abide. That indeed is the great triumph..”
LIFE AND LIVING
Impact of Fundamental Beliefs on Human Behavior (dunya and A\al-Akhirah)

The best of this world

Belief in angels
َ ُ‫ون َما تَ ْف َعل‬
‫) االنفطار‬12( ‫ون‬ َ ‫) يَ ْعلَ ُم‬11( ‫ين‬ َ ‫َوإِنَّ َعلَ ْي ُك ْم لَ َحافِ ِظ‬
َ ِ‫) ِك َرا ًما َكاتِب‬10( ‫ين‬
you do so the while there are watchers over you‫ و‬noble scribes‫ و‬who know what you do
Belief in Books
َ ِ‫الصدُو ِر َو ُه ًدى َو َر ْح َمةٌ لِ ْل ُم ْؤ ِمن‬
‫ين‬ ُّ ‫شفَا ٌء لِ َما فِي‬ ِ ‫اس قَ ْد َجا َء ْت ُك ْم َم ْو ِعظَةٌ ِمنْ َربِّ ُك ْم َو‬ ُ َّ‫يَاأَ ُّي َها الن‬
)58-57:‫ون(يونس‬ َ ‫ض ِل هَّللا ِ َوبِ َر ْح َمتِ ِه فَبِ َذ ِل َك فَ ْليَ ْف َر ُحوا ُه َو َخ ْي ٌر ِم َّما يَ ْج َم ُع‬
ْ َ‫قُ ْل بِف‬
Men! Now there has come to you an exhortation from your Lord, a healing for the ailments of the hearts,
and a guidance and mercy for those who believe

LIFE AND LIVING

Impact of Fundamental Beliefs on Human Behavior (dunya and A\al-Akhirah)

The best of this world

Belief in Day of Judgement
Belief in the hereafter inculcates courage and fearlessness in men
ِ ‫يرةً بِإِ ْذ ِن هَّللا‬
َ ِ‫ون أَنَّ ُه ْم ُماَل قُو هَّللا ِ َك ْم ِمنْ فِئَ ٍة قَلِيلَ ٍة َغلَبَتْ فِئَةً َكث‬
َ ُّ‫ين يَظُن‬
َ ‫الَّ ِذ‬
But those who believed that they were bound to meet their Lord said: “How often has a small party
prevailed against a large party by the leave of Allah.” Allah is with those who remain steadfast.

LIFE AND LIVING

Impact of Fundamental Beliefs on Human Behavior (dunya and A\al-Akhirah)

The Best in this world

Belief in QADR
belief in Qadar is belief in Allah's recording of all things before He created the heavens and the
earth. Hence, Allah not only knew and knows what will happen, but Allah has also recorded
this information in the Preserved Table Such an act is not difficult for Alla whatsoever. Allah
says,
)22:‫ك َعلَى هّٰللا ِ يَ ِس ۡي ۚ ٌر (حديد‬
َ ِ‫ب ِّم ۡن قَ ۡب ِل اَ ۡن نَّ ۡبـ َراَهَا ؕ اِ َّن ٰذ ل‬
ٍ ‫ض َواَل فِ ۡۤى اَ ۡنفُ ِس ُكمۡ اِاَّل فِ ۡى ِك ٰت‬ ‫اۡل‬ ِ ‫اب ِم ۡن ُّم‬
ِ ‫ص ۡيبَ ٍة فِى ا َ ۡر‬ َ ‫ص‬َ َ@‫م َم ۤا ا‬
No misfortune ever befalls on earth, nor on yourselves but We have inscribed it in the
Book before We make it manifest. Surely that is easy for Allah.

LIFE AND LIVING

Impact of Fundamental Beliefs on Human Behavior (dunya and A\al-Akhirah)

The best of next world

Belief in ALLAH
ِ‫نَ ۡح ُن‬ ‫استَقَا ُم ۡوا تَتَنَ َّز ُل َعلَ ۡي ِه ُم ۡال َم ٰلٓـئِ َكةُ اَاَّل تَ َخافُ ۡوا َواَل تَ ۡح َزنُ ۡوا َواَ ۡب ِشر ُۡوا بِ ۡال َجـنَّ ِة الَّتِ ۡى ُك ۡنتُمۡ تُ ۡو َع ُد ۡو َن‬
ۡ ‫َّن ا@لَّ ِذ ۡي َن قَالُ ۡوا َربُّنَا هّٰللا ُ ثُ َّم‬
ِ ‫اَ ۡولِ ٰيٓـ ُؤ ُکمۡ فِى ۡال َح ٰيو ِة ال ُّد ۡنيَا َوفِى ااۡل ٰ ِخ َر ِة ۚ َولَـ ُكمۡ فِ ۡيهَا َما تَ ۡشتَ ِه ۡۤى اَ ۡنفُ ُس ُكمۡ َولَـ ُكمۡ ِف ۡيهَا َما تَ َّد ُع ۡو َن ؕ نُزُاًل ِّم ۡن َغفُ ۡو ٍر ر‬
‫َّح ۡي ٍم‬
Indeed, upon those who say “Our Lord is Allah” and remain steadfast there on, descend the
Mala’ika (with glad tidings saying:) Do not fear and do not grieve! And rejoice in the Paradise
you had been promised! We are your friends and benefactors in the life of this world and the
hereafter, And there will you have what ever your hearts desire, and for you there what ever
you request! Hospitable reception from The Forgiving, The Merciful! (Fussilat 30-32)
‫هّٰللا‬ ‫هّٰللا‬ ‫هّٰللا‬
)31:‫َّح ۡي ٌم(ال عمران‬ ِ ‫قُ ۡل اِ ۡن ُك ۡنتُمۡ تُ ِحب ُّۡو َن َ فَاتَّبِع ُۡونِ ۡى ي ُۡحبِ ۡب ُك ُم ُ َويَ ۡغفِ ۡر لَـ ُكمۡ ُذنُ ۡوبَ ُكمۡ ؕ​ َو ُ َغفُ ۡو ٌر ر‬
(O Messenger!) Tell people: 'If you indeed love Allah, follow me, and Allah will love you and
will forgive you your sins. Allah is All-Forgiving, All-Compassionate.'
LIFE AND LIVING
Impact of Fundamental Beliefs on Human Behavior (dunya and A\al-Akhirah)

The best of next world

• Belief in ALLAH
• ‫شيئا ً َد َخ َل‬
َ ‫ش ِر ُك باهلل‬ ْ ُ‫ات ال ي‬َ ‫ « َمنْ َم‬: ‫َان ؟ قَا َل‬ِ ‫الموجبَت‬
ِ ُ ‫ يَا َر‬: ‫ جاء أعرابي إِلَى النَّب ّي فَقَا َل‬: ‫وعن جابر قَا َل‬
‫ َما‬، ‫سول هللا‬
‫ش ْيئا ً َد َخ َل النَّار‬
َ ‫ش ِر ُك بِ ِه‬ َ ‫ َو َمنْ َم‬، َ‫الجنَّة‬
ْ ُ‫ات ي‬ َ »
• A bedouin came to the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬and asked him, "O Messenger of Allah,
what are the two imperatives which lead to Jannah or Hell". He (‫ )ﷺ‬replied,
"He who dies without associating anything with Allah will enter Jannah, and he who dies
associating partners with Allah will enter the Fire".
• Sahih Muslim 93

LIFE AND LIVING

Impact of Fundamental Beliefs on Human Behavior (dunya and A\al-Akhirah)

The best of Next world

Belief in Prophets
‫ف إِلَى‬ َ ‫ ثُ َّم ا ْن‬،‫ت‬
َ ‫ص َر‬ ِ ِّ‫صالَتَهُ َعلَى ا ْل َمي‬ َ ‫صلَّى َعلَى أَه ِْل أُ ُح ٍد‬ َ َ‫ أَنَّ النَّبِ َّي صلى هللا عليه وسلم َخ َر َج يَ ْو ًما ف‬،‫َعنْ ُع ْقبَةَ ْب ِن َعا ِم ٍر‬
،‫ض‬ِ ‫يح األَ ْر‬ِ ِ‫ْطيتُ َخ َزائِ َن َمفَات‬ ِ ‫ َوإِنِّي قَ ْد أُع‬،‫اآلن‬َ ‫ضي‬ ِ ‫ إِنِّي َوهَّللا ِ ألَ ْنظُ ُر إِلَى َح ْو‬،‫ش ِهي ٌد َعلَ ْي ُك ْم‬
َ ‫ َوأَنَا‬،‫" إِنِّي فَ َرطُ ُك ْم‬  ‫ فَقَا َل‬،‫ا ْل ِم ْنبَ ِر‬
." ‫سوا فِي َها‬ ُ َ‫اف أَنْ تَنَاف‬ ُ ‫ َولَ ِكنْ أَ َخ‬،‫ش ِر ُكوا‬ ْ ُ‫اف بَ ْع ِدي أَنْ ت‬
ُ ‫َوإِنِّي َوهَّللا ِ َما أَ َخ‬
Narrated `Uqba bin `Amr: The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬once came out and offered the funeral
prayer for the martyrs of Uhud, and proceeded to the pulpit and said, "I shall be your
predecessor and a witness on you, and I am really looking at my sacred Fount now, and no
doubt, I have been given the keys of the treasures of the world. By Allah, I am not afraid that
you will worship others along with Allah, but I am afraid that you will envy and fight one
another for worldly fortunes."
Sahih al-Bukhari 3596

ِ‫ا‬ 
LIFE AND LIVING
Impact of Fundamental Beliefs on Human Behavior (dunya and A\al-Akhirah)

The best of Next world

Belief in Books
ُ ْ‫ قَا َل قَا َل َرسُو ُل هَّللا ِ صلى هللا عليه وسلم ْالقُر‬،‫ي‬
ٌ‫آن ُح َّجة‬ ِّ ‫َع ْن أَبِي َمالِ ٍك األَ ْش َع ِر‬
‫لَك أَ ْو َعلَيْك‬
Qur’an is a proof either for you or against you.
(Sahih Muslim 223

LIFE AND LIVING

Impact of Fundamental Beliefs on Human Behavior (dunya and A\al-Akhirah)

The best of Next world

Belief in Day of Judgement

ٌ ‫ياقَ ْو ِم إِنَّ َما َه ِذ ِه ا ْل َحيَاةُ ال ُّد ْنيَا َمتَا‬

)39:‫ع َوإِنَّ اآْل ِخ َرةَ ِه َي َدا ُر ا ْلقَ َرا ِر (غآفر‬

• My people, the life of this world is ephemeral, whereas the Hereafter, that is the permanent
abode.

LIFE AND LIVING

Impact of Fundamental Beliefs on Human Behavior (dunya and A\al-Akhirah)

The in next the world

Belief in QADR
belief in Qadar is belief in Allah's recording of all things before He created the heavens and the
earth. Hence, Allah not only knew and knows what will happen, but Allah has also recorded
this information in the Preserved Table Such an act is not difficult for Alla whatsoever. Allah
says,
)22:‫ك َعلَى هّٰللا ِ يَ ِس ۡي ۚ ٌر(الحديد‬
َ ِ‫ـراَهَا ؕ ا@ِ َّن ٰذ ل‬ ٍ ‫ض َواَل فِ ۡۤى اَ ۡنفُ ِس ُكمۡ اِاَّل فِ ۡى ِك ٰت‬
َ ‫ب ِّم ۡن قَ ۡب ِل اَ ۡن نَّ ۡب‬ ‫اۡل‬ ِ ‫اب ِم ۡن ُّم‬
ِ ‫ص ۡيبَ ٍة فِى ا َ ۡر‬ َ ‫ص‬َ َ‫َم ۤا ا‬
No misfortune ever befalls on earth, nor on yourselves but We have inscribed it in the
Book39 before We make it manifest.40 Surely that is easy for Allah

LIFE AND LIVING

 Summary
This Testimony of Faith (Shahadah) reminds the purpose in life, which is the worship of Allah
alone.  Unity of God refers to the oneness and uniqueness of Allah with respect to His Lordship,
His Names and Attributes and in His right to be worshipped. Allah is the only Lord of heaven
and earth, the Lawgiver for human life. He has the exclusive right to be worshipped inwardly
and outwardly, by one’s actions and by one’s heart.  Allah conveys His message to humanity
through messengers.  They form a link between the humans and the heavens, in the sense that
Allah has chosen them to deliver His message to humanity. The teachings of all the prophets
about God, the Afterlife, and all other realities of belief were the same as to belief and worship
in the Tawheed. Fundamental Beliefs build and strengthens the intentions, beliefs, thoughts, and
actions of human being in this world and the world hereafter.
LIFE AND LIVING
 Bibliography:
1. Khurshid Ahmad, [‫ ا@سالمی ن@ظریہحیات‬The Islamic Vision of Life] (Islamabad: Institute of Policy Studies, 2nd edition, 2017).
2. Khurshid Ahmad, Islam: its meaning & message, (Islamabad: Institute of Policy Studies, 2018)
3. Sad‟rud dīn Islāhī, Islam at a Glance, (Lahore: Islamic publications ltd., 7th ed., 1996).
4. Amin Ahsan Islahi, ,‫ ا@سالم@ ا@یک ن@ظر میں‬Lahore.
5: Understanding Islamic Civilization (Islami Tahzib Aur Us Ke Usul Wa Mabadi), By Sayyid Maududi, The Islamic
Foundation (November 29, 2016), Leicestershire, UK.
6: TOWARDS UNDERSTANDING ISLAM, Sayyid Abul A'la Mawdudi , U.K.I.M. Dawaqh Center, UK.
7. Muhammad Al-Ghazali, Muslim’s Character, (Riyadh: Dar al-Salam Publishers, 2006)
8. Muslim Ibn Hajjāj, Abul Hussain, Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim, ed. Hafiz Abu Tāhir Zubair ‘Ali Za’I,
Riyadh: Dār al-Salām, 2007.
9. Abul A‘lā Mawdūdῑ , Tafheem al-Qur’ān, Lahore: Idarah Tarjumān al-Qur’ān, 1979.
10. Muḥammad Ibn Ismā‘īl Al-Bukhari, Ṣaḥīḥ Al-Bukhari, Trans. Dr. Muḥammad Muhsin
Khan, Riyadh: Dār al-Salām, 1997.
11. Abu Bakr Albaihqi, Sha’b al-eman, Riyadh: Makta arrushd wa attozee, 2003.
12. https://tafheemulquran.org/tafhim/bani-israel/

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