IPv6

(Internet Protocol Version 6)

Team Members :
• Anindita Bhowmik 07343
• Utsab Giri 07344
• Brajesh Kumar Dinkar 07345
• Surya Sekher Maji 07346
• Ayan Paul 07347
• Prasun Roy 07348
• Sandip Kamilya 07349
• Dibyanshu Jaiswal 07350
 What is IP??
data-oriented
connectionless
unreliable
network layer protocol

IP
 IPv4
(Internet Protocol Version4)
• Fourth iteration of Internet Protocol and the first version
of protocol to be widely used.
• First developed for the original Internet (ARPANET) in
spring 1978
• Total of 4.3 billion IP addresses available
• Address size : 32-bits
• Address format : Dotted Decimal Notation (192.168.1.5)
• Apart from IPv6,it’s the only protocol used on the
Internet.
Datagram Format
Why IP version 6??
IPv4 uses 32-bit address, support 4.3 billion(232)
users.
No security in IPv4.
In IPv4, packets are limited to 64 kb.
IPv4 has some deficiencies that make it unsuitable
for the fast-growing Internet.

So there is a need of higher version then

IPv4,which will solve this problem. Here is where
IPv6 comes in.
What Is IPv6??
 IPv6 is the newest version of IP. Also known as IPNG
(Internetworking Protocol, next generation). IPv6 is
fairly well defined but is not yet widely deployed.

 Design started in 1993 when IETF forecasts showed

IPv4 depletion between 2010 and 2017

 Implementation started since 1999

 Provides host-to-host communication between systems

in the internet.
Features of IPv6
 Address size : 128-bits
 Address format : Hexadecimal Notation
 Larger address space
 Stateless auto-configuration of host
 Multicast

 Jumbograms

 Network-layer security
 IPv6: Claimed Benefits
Larger address space
Simplified header
Deeper hierarchy and policies for network architectur
flexibility
Support for route aggregation
Easier renumbering and multihoming
Security (e.g., IPv6 Cryptographic Extensions)
IPv6 datagram header
Comparison between IPv4 and IPv6 headers
IPv6 IPv4
Payload length

E
X
T
E
N
S
I
O
N

H
E
A
D
E
R
 Next header codes for IPv6
 Nextheader is an 8-bit field defining the header that
follow the base header.
Priorities for congestion-controlled traffic
If a source adapts itself to traffic slowdown when
there is congestion, the traffic is referred to as
congestion-control traffic. congestion-controlled
data are assigned priorities from 0-7.A priority of
0 is lowest;7 is highest.
 TRANSITION FROM IPv4 TO IPv6
Because of the huge number of systems on the Internet,
the transition from IPv4 to IPv6 cannot happen suddenly. It
takes a considerable amount of time before every system in
the Internet can move from IPv4 to IPv6. The transition must
be smooth to prevent any problems between IPv4 and IPv6
systems.
Dual Stack
Tunneling
 Transitioning: IPv6 over IPv4 Tunnels

One trick for mapping IPv6 addresses: embed the IPv4 address in low bits
Header Translation
Header translation procedure
ICMP :- Internet Control
Message Protocol
•The IP provides unreliable and connectionless datagram
Delivery, with best effort delivery service.
•There are two disadvantages of IP.
1. Lack of Error control.
2. Lack of Assistance mechanisms.
•The Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) has been
designed to compensate for the above two deficiencies.
•It is a companion to the IP protoco1.
Types of messages in ICMP
 ERROR REPORTING Messages :report problems that a
router or a host (destination) may encounter when it
processes an IP packet.
Types of messages in ICMP
 QUERY Messages : ICMP can diagnose some network
problems.
ICMP vs ICMPv6
 Usessame strtegy as in ICMP
 Some protocols independent in version 4 are a part in
ICMPv6 (ARP, IGMP).
 RARP of version 4 is dropped.
 Message categories are same with some modifications.
Error Reporting Messages in
ICMPv6

Comparison of error-reporting messages in ICMPv4 and ICMPv6

Query Messages in ICMPv6

Comparison of query messages in ICMPv4 and ICMPv6

Thank You !