PES’s Modern College of engineering, Shivajinagar, pune-5, department of electronics and telecommunication, 2020-21

Underwater Communication Using

LI-FI Technology

Names of the students

1. SUDARSHAN RAUT
2. AVIRAJ SHEJAWAL
3. DHARYASHIL WAGHCHAURE

Name of the project guide : MR. M.K.Kulkarni

Overview :
1. Introduction
2. Literature Survey
3. System Specifications
4. Block Diagram
5. Hardware Design
6. Software Design (Flow Chart or Algorithm)
7. Result (Photo / Audio-Visual / Video Results)
8. Applications
9. Future Scope
10. Conclusion
11. Month wise Plan of Action
12. References
Introduction:-
1. The demand for data usage has increased exponentially in
the last decade, people want to be connected to the Internet
all the time, on multiple devices, update the latest
happenings etc.
2. With the advent of IoT more devices will connect to the
LTE which will result in congestion and decrease in speed.
3. To solve this crisis, multiple options were considered and
one was to utilize the unused visible light spectrum which
gave rise to the new concept called Li-Fi.
• Literature Survey
Sr Title Reference About
No
1 AUDIO M.I. Ma’ruf1,2 , M.B. Othman1 , Sholeh This work was fully supported by
H.P2 Fundamental Research Grant Scheme (Vot
TRANSMISSI No.: 1416) and Universiti Tun Hussein
ON USING Onn Malaysia (UTHM)
VISIBLE
LIGHT
COMMUNICA
TION (VLC)
2 Visible Light SIMONA RIUREAN, RAZVAN STOICA, A wireless VLC prototype was developed.
MONICA LEBA Department of Electrical The transmission is based on the
Communicatio and Computer Engineering assumptions of direct line-of-sight (LOS)
n for Audio and simplex channel conditions.
Signals
3 TRANSMISSI 1A.Vinnarasi, 2S.T.Aarthy VLC is still in a very early stage; however,
it is a promising technology with a wide
ON OF DATA, range of prospective applications. The
AUDIO interest in VLC is increasing throughout
SIGNAL AND the world and we can soon expect many
realworld applications.
TEXT USING
LI-FI
System Specifications:
This section discusses the various advantages of VLC and elucidates on the
differences between Li-Fi and WiFi. By the year 2020, 10 billion devices
will be subscribed in the LTE, which would result in an exponential growth
of wireless traffic demand and result in a congested, scarce, and expensive
RF-spectrum.
The last few generations like 2G, 3G, etc., there have been many
conventional methods employed to improve the capacity of the spectrum like
spatial re-use and inter-cell interference coordination. Li-Fi can play a major
role in relieving the heavy loads which the current wireless systems face
since it adds a new and unutilized bandwidth of visible light to the currently
available radio waves for data transfer.

Smart cooling system using Peltier

Block diagram
working

 The original information proposed to be sent was data packets

consisting of text or voice information, this would then be
decimated by a suitable ADC or any other converter to produce
data bits which were to be modulated on a suitable algorithm,
keeping primarily noise immunity in mind.
 The original idea was to modulate the sinusoidal signal using
BPSK technique and use two DSK kits to transmit the sine wave.
But since it required a 100KHz ADC and DACs, which are hardly
available, two arduino processors were used instead of DSK kits.
 The sinusoidal signal is given from signal generator to the
arduino to which an LED is connected.
Hardware Design:
• arduino
• Lcd 16x 2
• Water tank
• Led array with lifi modul
• Hm12 voice play back module
• apr9600

Smart cooling system using Peltier

ARDUINO
 The Arduino Uno is an open-source microcontroller board based the Microchip ATmega328P microcontroller and developed by Arduino.cc.[2][3]
 The board is equipped with sets of digital and analog input/output (I/O) pins that may be interfaced to various expansion boards (shields) and
other circuits.

Specification
 Microcontroller: Microchip ATmega328P [7]
 Operating Voltage: 5 Volts
 Input Voltage: 7 to 20 Volts
 Digital I/O Pins: 14 (of which 6 can provide PWM output)
 UART: 1
 I2C: 1
 SPPI: 1
 Analog Input Pins: 6
 DC Current per I/O Pin: 20 mA
 DC Current for 3.3V Pin: 50 mA
 Flash Memory: 32 KB of which 0.5 KB used by bootloader
 SRAM: 2 KB
 EEPROM: 1 KB
 Clock Speed: 16 MHz
 Length: 68.6 mm
 Width: 53.4 mm
 Weight: 25 g
LCD Display

 A liquid-crystal display (LCD) is a flat-panel display or other 

electronically modulated optical device that uses the light-modulating properties of liquid crystals
 combined with polarizers. Liquid crystals do not emit light directly,instead using a backlight or 
reflector to produce images in color or monochrome.

Specification:
 Operating Voltage is 4.7V to 5.3V.
 Current consumption is 1mA without backlight.
 Alphanumeric LCD display module, meaning can display alphabets and numbers.
 Consists of two rows and each row can print 16 characters.
 Each character is build by a 5×8 pixel box.
 Can work on both 8-bit and 4-bit mode.
 Li-Fi module
 It can transmit data 38400 baud rate serialy.
 5-15 feet distance, distance can be increased by changing the LED wattage.
  High intensity LED Light.
 Domestic Ceiling / wall mounting focus LED light
can be used for communication.
 High quality PCB FR4 Grade with FPT Certified.
Voice playback module

 Non volatile flash memory technology

 No battery back up required
 User friendly, easy to use operation
 2-keys operation, record and play back
 Low power consumption
 LED to indicate recording and playing
 Built-in condenser mic
 Automatic power down 
 5V Operation
 Operating current 25mA.
 Standby current 10 uA.
 Size: 34 x 23 x 11 mm.
FLOW :
• Initialize code
• Initialize lcd
• Initialize lifi modul
• Send data from transmitter
• Check signal at reciver point
• Amplifi signal stregth
• Detect command and convert it form analog to digital
• Check command and send to apr9600
• Give signal audio to speaker

Smart cooling system using Peltier

 APPLICATIONS
 Smart Lighting: Any private or public lighting including street lamps can be used
to
 provide Li-Fi hotspots and the same communications.
 Mobile Connectivity: Laptops, smart phones, tablets and other mobile
devices can interconnect directly using Li-Fi. Short range links give very high
data rates and also provides security.
 Hospital & Healthcare: Li-Fi emits no electromagnetic interference and so
does not interfere with medical instruments, nor is it interfered with by MRI
scanners.
 Aviation: Li-Fi can be used to reduce weight and cabling and add flexibility to
seating
 layouts in aircraft passenger cabins where LED lights are already deployed.
 Underwater Communications: Due to strong signal absorption in water, RF
use is impractical. Acoustic waves have extremely low bandwidth and disturb
marine life.
 ADVANTAGES
 L I - F I c an solve problems related to the insufficiency of radio frequency
bandwidth because this technology u s e s Visible light spectrum that h a
s still not been greatly utlized.
 High data transmission rates of up to 10 G b p s can be achieved.

 light cannot penetrate walls, it provides privacy and security that Wi-Fi
cannot.
 Li-Fi has low implementation and maintenance costs.

 It is safe for humans since light, unlike radio frequencies, cannot penetrate
human body. Hence, concerns of cell mutation are mitigated.
 Extremely high color fidelity
RESULT

 Whenever the phototransistor is brought in

line of sight of L E D and the output of low
pa ss filter is observed in CRO, the output
obtained is a s shown below.
 It is observed that the above shown
sinusoidal waveform is replaced by random
noise as soon as the phototransistor is moved
away from the line of sight of LED.
Conclusion:

 The possibilities are numerous and can be explored further.

If this technology can be put into practical use , every bulb
can be used something like a Wi-Fi hotspots to transmit
wireless data.
 Since light is the major source for transmission in this
technology it is very advantageous and implementable in
various fields that can’t be done with the Wi-Fi and other
technologies.
 Hence the future applications of the Li-Fi can be predicted
and extended to different plat-forms like education fields,
medical field, industrial areas and many other fields.
Future scope

 We can conclude that the maximum distance in this work can be

achieved only at 20 cm. However in the real implementation of
the VLC system we need to have a longer transmission, so that
this system is realiable for the future technology.
We need to identify more suitable LED and photodetector for the
VLC system to ensure the transmission distance could be
increased.
References:

1) ‘Li-Fi: Data through Light’, The Institute of Engineers, Technorama

 Magazine, Volume 62, pp. 41, December 2012.
2) http://www.newscientist.com/article/ will-lifi-be-the-new-
wifi.html
3) http://caledonianmercury.com/the-futures-bright-the-futures-li-fi
4) ”Visible-light com-munication: Tripping the light fantastic: A fast
and cheap opti-cal version of Wi-Fi is coming”, The Economist,
dated 28 Jan 2012.
 Chieh, L, “Designs of VLC Transceiver Circuits for Reading Light
Transmission of High-Quality Audio Signals on Commercial Airliners
Interaction”, in Consumer Electronics - Taiwan (ICCE-TW), 2014 IEEE
International Conference on, 2014, pp. 97-98.