ST.

JOSEPH’S COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND

TECHNOLOGY. THANJAVUR

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

EN8591–MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT

PREPARED
by
R.JEEVANESAN
AP/SJCET/CIVIL
 UNIT 1 - SOURCES AND TYPES

• Sources and types of municipal solid wastes

• Public health and environmental impacts of improper disposal
of solid wastes
• Factors affecting waste generation rate and characteristics
• Sampling and characterization of wastes
• Elements of integrated solid waste management
Requirements
• salient features of Solid waste management rules (2016)
• Role of public and NGO’s
• Public Private participation
• Elements of Municipal Solid Waste Management Plan.
SOLID WASTE
Waste can be defined as unwanted materials leftover from
any human activities, refuse from plant, human or animal
habitation.
Solid waste consists of both solid & liquid waste but not
waste water. It is the term usually to describe non-liquid
waste materials arising from domestic, trade, commercial,
agriculture & industrial activities

MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE

It refers to waste arising from domestic, commercial,

industrial & institutional activities in an urban area
 SOURCES OF WASTE GENERATION

• Domestic waste

• Commercial waste

• Institutional waste

• Industrial waste

• Construction waste

• Offal waste
 DOMESTIC WASTE

• House hold waste

• Kitchen
• House cleaning
• Old papers
• Packaging
• Bottles
• Furnishing materials
 COMMERCIAL WASTE

• Business premises
• Shops
• Offices
• Markets
• Departmental stores
• Organic
• Inorganic
• Hazardous waste
 INSTITUTIONAL WASTE

• Schools, Colleges
• Hospitals, Large hotels
• Restaurants
• Religious place

INDUSTRIAL WASTE

• Manufacturing waste
• Material processing waste
• Trade generated waste
 CONSTRUCTION WASTE
• Brick stones & Concrete
• Ferrous metal & Non-Ferrous metal
• Masonry waste
• Paper and cardboard

OFFAL WASTE
• Dead animals
• Food
• Slaughter
 TYPE OF WASTE
• Old newspaper
• Paper and cardboard
• Food waste
• Plastic
• Textiles
• Rubber & leather
• Petroleum products
• Yard waste
• Wood and metals
• Glass
• Inert materials
• Hazardous waste
 SOLID WASTE GENERATION

• Quantity is used to asses the load capacity of the

collection equipment
• It is used to asses the number of vehicles required
for collection & transportation
• Total volume & weight of solid waste, quantity
play a vital role in planning & design
• Per capita rate generation is the static indicating
the consumption of waste.
EFFECTS
OF
IMPROPER DISPOSAL
OF SOLID WASTES
 EFFECT OF PUBLIC HEALTH
• Skin & blood infections resulting from direct contact with
waste and from infected wounds
• Eye and respiratory infections resulting from exposure to
infected dust especially during landfill operations
• Diseases that result from the bites of animals feeding on
waste
• Intestinal infections that are transmit by flies feeding on
waste
• Chronic respiratory diseases including cancer resulting
from exposure to dust & hazardous compounds
 ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS
• It causes ground water contamination by leachate generated in
waste dump
• It cause surface water contamination by runoff from waste dump
• It cause bad odour, breeding of mosquito.
• The litter spreads around the dumps where the wind blows and
cause ugly appearance
• It generate inflammable methane gas with in the waste dump.
• In some cases it fires within dump
• It releases green house gases
• It causes acidity to surrounding soil
• It causes erosion & stability problems relating to slope of waste
dumps.
 FACTORS AFFECTING THE GENERATION OF
SOLID WASTE

• Geographic Location
• Seasons
• Collection Frequency
• Population Diversity
• Public Attitude
• Legislation
 GEOGRAPHIC LOCATION

The influence of geographic location is related

primarily to different climates that can influence
both the amount of certain types of solid waste
generated and the collection operation

SEASONS
Seasons of the year have implications for the quantities and
composition of certain of solid waste.
E.g. The growing season of vegetables & fruits affect the quantities of
food wastes
 COLLECTION FREQUENCY
A general observation is that in localities, where there are
ultimate collection services more wastes are collected.

POPULATION DIVERSITY
The characteristic of the population influence the
quantity and composition of waste generated . The
amount of waste generated is more in low income areas
compared to that in high income areas
 PUBLIC ATTITUDE & LEGISLATION

• People habits
• Life styles
• State Regulation
• Disposal of specific materials
 CHARACTERISTICS OF WASTE

Physical characteristics
• Density

• Moisture content

• Size

• Permeability

• Compressibility
Chemical characteristics
Lipids
Heating value
Ultimate analysis
Proximate analysis
Energy content
Biological properties
 METHODS OF SAMPLING OF WASTE

• Quartering Techniques

• Block Techniques

• Grid Techniques
 METHODS OF CHARATERISATION OF WASTE

• Modelling
i) Generic weight generation data
ii) Generation of data for specific waste
types
• Physical seperation
• Direct measurement