COUNTY

ANALYSIS
UTILIZING
CENSUS TRACT
DATA
DANIEL GRISCHY, MD, MPH
OVERVIEW:
1. INTRODUCTION
2. PROJECT OVERVIEW
3. APPLICATIONS
4. CONCLUSIONS
5. QUESTIONS

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INTRODUCTION

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• “…when it comes to your health, your zip code is more
important than your genetic code”.

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ZONE IMPROVEMENT PLAN CODES

“ZIP” is actually an acronym for Zone Walton County ZIP Code Changes Effective
Improvement Plan. However, the USPS July 1, 2016 About.USPS.com
intentionally chose the acronym to indicate that
INLET BEACH, FL — The U.S. Postal Service will be adjusting the
mail travels more quickly when senders mark the ZIP Codes of some of our customers in Walton County in order
postal code on their packages and envelopes. to maintain quality delivery service in these areas, District
Manager David Martin announced today.  All residential and
The general system of ZIP codes used today was business customers affected by the change will receive a letter
implemented in 1963. from the U.S. Postal Service advising them of their new ZIP
Code.
Dictionary.com/e/zip-code/

January, 2017 - Centers for Medicare and

Town considers ZIP Code change to fight
misconceptions, insurance costs Clay Today, February 22, 2017
Officials in the Town of Orange Park are seeking a way to clearly differentiate its
three square miles of town limits from parts of unincorporated Clay County
with which it shares a ZIP Code.
Medicaid Services - Durable Medical Equipment,
Prosthetics, Orthotics, and Supplies
The following ZIP codes have been added to our ZIP code files to conform
with USPS ZIP code changes within the identified competitive bidding
areas: 33191, 33192, 33195, and 33198. These are in Miami, Ft.
Lauderdale, and West Palm Beach.
ZIP CODES
CAN CROSS
COUNTY
BOUNDARIES

32102
MARION,
LAKE,
VOLUSIA
UNSTABLE BOUNDARIES?

THE MAP SHOWS THE IMPACT OF ZIP CODE CHANGES IN TALLAHASSEE

BETWEEN 2000 (RED OUTLINES/LABELS) AND 2003 (BLACK DASHED
OUTLINES/LABELS).  THE ADDITION OF 32309 (WHICH USED TO BE FOR
MICCOSUKEE PO BOXES) AND 32317 (NOT SURE ABOUT THE HISTORY
THERE).  ADDING THESE 2 ZIP CODE AREAS MEANS THAT 32308 AND
32311 WERE GREATLY REDUCED IN SIZE AND POPULATION.
WHAT IS THE CENSUS?
History
• The first U.S. census was in
1790
• Thomas Jefferson was elected
supervisor of the U.S. Census on
August 2, 1790
Why a Census?
• Support for states, communities
and counties (schools)
• Businesses capitalize (new
stores, markets, shopping
centers)
• Developers are able to build
(new housing markets)
 Primary data that consists of
economic, demographic and
social characteristics in the
WHAT IS United States.
CENSUS
DATA?
The characteristics are
compiled from a population
(subdivisions, neighborhoods
and resident areas).
CENSUS DATA COMPILED
American Community survey Decennial Census
• Five-year data • Every ten years
• One-year data • The Golden Standard
HOW ARE CENSUS TRACTS DELINEATED?

• Physical features
• Streets, utilities, roadways
• Property lines
• Boundaries, borders
• Municipal
• City limits, towns
CENSUS TRACTS

Analyzed population
•Identifiable by a four-digit integer number
•Population between 2,500 to 8,000
•Address Coder
•Address Coder Level 2

Tract Codes
CODES AND GEOCODES
 CENSUS TRACTS OR ZIP CODES:

CENSUS TRACTS ZIP CODES

• Static Boundaries • Familiarity
• Confined Boundaries • Accessibility
• Granularity • Knowledge Base
• Population Uniformity
• Time Series Data
Analysis

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Census Tracts v. ZIP Codes
Census Tracts are Better!

Census ZIP
Tracts Codes
Defined
Boundaries ü û
Contained in
County ü û
Stable
Boundaries ü û
Data Conversion ü û
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CENSUS TRACTS

•When possible, use census tracts for sub-county analysis.

• Boundaries only change every 10 years.
• Boundaries follow streets and highways and are clearly defined.
• When boundaries are changed the Census Bureau provides information to convert
data based on old boundaries to new boundaries.
• Census tract boundaries do not cross state lines.
• Census tracts are based on street address and zip code.
• Census tracts are assigned to Vital Statistics data for addresses that are not PO Boxes.
• Census tracts in CHARTS based on 2010 boundaries are available for Vital Statistics
data starting with 2007.
PROJECT OVERVIEW

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PURPOSE:

• Creating a dataset at the county

level organized by Zip Code and
Census Tract
• Highlight specific demographic,
SES, SDOH and Health Indicators
within the data set to identify
areas of greatest need
• Apply Specific Filters in order to
narrow the scope of focus and
better allocate resources
• Pairing the Qualitative and
Quantitative
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METHODOLOGY:

• Identify Census Tracts Within a Given Zip Code:

• United States Zip Codes (Identify County Zip Codes)
• Housing and Urban Development (Identify Census Tracts W/In Zip Codes)

• Generate General County Demographic-SES Data Set:

• CHARTS

• Organize Data Set by Census Tract and Zip Code:

• Apply Desired Filters:

• African American Population ≤ 25%
• Hispanic or Latino Population ≤ 25%
• Median Household Income ≥ 50k

• Apply Identified Social and Physical Determinants of Health:

• Examples: Median Income; Poverty Status; Unemployment; Insurance Coverage; Public Transportation Use; Renter %

• Creating Visuals Based on Identified Census Tracts:

• Census Maps

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ADDED INDICATORS:

• Concentrated Poverty ( ≥ 40%)

• Poverty Thresholds for
State/Federal Programs
• Health Indicators
• Distance to Park (GIS)
• Distance to Grocery (GIS)
• Health Care Access (GIS)
• Public Transportation Access
(GIS)
• Employment Opportunities (GIS)

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OR
AN
GE

CO
UN
T
Y

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APPLICATIONS

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 WHAT CAN WE DO WITH THIS INFORMATION?

WHO? HOW?
• Prospective Grantees • Community Redevelopment
Projects
• Current Grantees • Identify Spatial Mismatch
• Community Organizations (Residential-Economic)
• County Health • Identify Food Deserts
Departments • Identify Most Underserved
(Ranking System)
• Community • Increased Awareness
Redevelopment Agencies

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CONCLUSIONS

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BRIDGING THE GAP: HEALTH
CensusEQUITY ASSESSMENT
Data

Health Inequity Heath Equity

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THANK YOU
DANIEL.GRISCHY@FLHEALTH.GOV

(850) 245 - 4729

 Community Redevelopment Board

Community Redevelopment Agency

Community Redevelopment Plan

PLANNING THE
PROCESS Community Redevelopment Area
 WHAT IS A
COMMUNITY
REDEVELOPMENT
AGENCY?
A Community Redevelopment Agency (CRA) is a dependent special district
established pursuant to State law by local government. A CRA focuses
attention and resources in a specific area characterized by blight and
disinvestment.  By establishing a CRA, a City can take advantage of financial
and planning tools provided under State law.  These tools can help create
programs and projects to foster private market investment in the CRA.
COMMUNITY
REDEVELOPMENT AREA OR
DISTRICT
Under Florida law (Chapter 163, Part III), local
governments are able to designate areas as Community
Redevelopment Areas when certain conditions exist.
Since all the monies used in financing CRA activities are
locally generated, CRAs are not overseen by the state,
but redevelopment plans must be consistent with local
government comprehensive plans. To document that
the required conditions exist, the local government
must survey the proposed redevelopment area and
prepare a Finding of Necessity. If the Finding of
Necessity determines that the required conditions exist,
the local government may create a Community
Redevelopment Area to provide the tools needed to
foster and support redevelopment of the targeted area.

from the Florida Redevelopment Association, 2018

 TAX INCREMENT FINANCING
• It is used to leverage public funds to promote private sector
activity in the targeted area. The dollar value of all real property
in the Community Redevelopment Area is determined as of a
fixed date, also known as the “frozen value.”
• Taxing authorities, which contribute to the tax increment,
continue to receive property tax revenues based on the frozen
value. These frozen value revenues are available for general
government purposes.
• Any tax revenues from increases in real property value, referred
to as “increment,” are deposited into the Community
Redevelopment Agency Trust Fund and dedicated to the
redevelopment area.

from the Florida Redevelopment Association, 2018

 I. Adopt the Finding of Necessity. This will formally identify the blight
conditions within the targeted area and establish the area boundary.

II. Develop and adopt the Community Redevelopment Plan. The plan
addresses the unique needs of the targeted area and includes the overall
goals for redevelopment in the area, as well as identifying specific
projects.

HOW DOES THE

CRA PROCESS III. Create a Redevelopment Trust Fund. Establishment of the Trust Fund
enables the Community Redevelopment Agency to direct the increase in
WORK? real property tax revenues back into the targeted area
TAX
INCREMENT
FINANCING