TO TELL or ASK OTHERS TO

DO AND NOT TO DO
SOMETHING
Arijani Kushartati, S.Pd M.Pd
 Modal Verbs of obligation
Have to + infinitive
Present Positive (telling or asking people to do a
task)
Have to/ don’t have to Strong obligation (possibly from outside)
Subject + have/has to + verb 1
 I have to see the doctor.
 The students have to wear their school
uniform.
Negative (telling or asking people not
to do a task)
No obligation
Subject + do/does + not + have to +
verb 1
 I don’t have to see the doctor.
 You don’t have to tell Emily.
 Modal Verbs of obligation
Must + infinitive
Present Positive (telling or asking people to do Negative (telling or asking people not to
a task) do a task)

Must / mustn’t Strong obligation (possibly based on the Negative obligation

speaker’s opinion) Subject + mustn’t + verb 1
Subject + must + verb 1
 I must see the doctor.  You mustn’t come.
 I must obey my mother’s words.  Men mustn’t smoke in the office.
 Giving Advice
Should + infinitive
Present Positive (telling or asking people to do a Negative (telling or asking people not
task) to do a task)
Should / shouldn’t Mild obligation / advice Mild negative obligation or advice
Subject + should + verb 1 Subject + shouldn’t + verb 1
 You should go earliest.  You shouldn’t spend much money.
 You should try travelling to Bali.  You shouldn’t be too hard to
yourself.

Verb 1 + ……. ( Positive Imperative) Don’t + verb 1 + ….. ( negative imperative)

Keep your room clean. Don’t mix the materials!