Shri Ramdeobaba College of Engineering and Management

Department of Electrical Engineering

Session – 2021-2022

Presented By – CAPS TA -3
Devesh Singh (43)
Nikhil Vishwakarma (53)
Que – Consider a three phase to ground and LG fault occur on Bus no . 3 of the Sample system shown in
Figure below . The self impedance shown in fig is given in per unit. Take per fault voltage as 1.0 pu and
Fault impedance is 0.005 pu . Calculate the following :-
• Total short circuit current
• Voltage of Bus 2 during fault
• Voltage of Bus 1 and 3 during fault
The Current in phase “C” of the network element i.e transmission line connected between Bus 1 and Bus 2.

0.23  

  0.18
o.14 3

0.22
Solution :-

5(0.22)

Graph - 2 3
1
3(0.18)

1(0.14) 2(0.16)

1
0
Z bus algorithm :-
1) Adding branch 1 between node 1 and reference node 0
1 o

Z bus = 1  [ 𝑜 .14 ]
2) Adding branch 2 between node 2 and reference node 0.
1 2 1 2
1   0 .014 0
Z bus = 2
[ 0 0.16 ] 2(o.16)
1(0.14)

3) Adding branch 3 between node 3 and node 2.

1 2 3 1 2 3(0.18)
3
1 0 .14  0 0
2 ⌈ 0 0.16 0.16 ⌉
Z bus = 1(0.14) 2(0.16)
3 0 0.16 0.34

0
4) Adding link 4 between node 1 and node 2 .
1 2 3 4
Temporary Z bus = 1   0 .14 0 0 0.14
2
3
4
[ 0
0
0.14
0.16
0.16
− 0.16
0.16
0.34
− 0.16
− 0.16
− 0.16
0.53
]
Zll= Zb+ Zii+ Zjj-2Zij

Here i=1
j=2

Zll = 0.23 + 0.14 + 0.16

– 2(0)
= 0.53
   0 .14 0 0   0 .14

Z bus = [ 0
0
0.16
0.16
0.16
0.34 ] [ ]
− 
−0.16
−0.16
0.53
[  0.14 − 0.16 − 0.16 ]

  0 .14 0 0   0.036 − 0.042 −0.042

Z bus = [ 0
0
0.16
0.16
0.16
0.34 ] [
−  − 0.042
− 0.042
0.048
0.048
0.048
0.048 ]
  Z bus =
• Adding link 5 between node 1 and 3
1 2 3 4
  1 Temp Z bus =
2
3
4

Zll = 0.22+0.104 + 0.292 -2(0.042)

= 0.532
  0 .104 0.042 0.042 0.662
 
Z bus =
[ 0.042
0.042
0.112
0.112
0.112
0.292 ] []
−  −0.07 [ 0 .662 −0.07 −0.25 ]
−0.25
0.532
  Z bus =   0 .823 − 0.087 − 0.311
− 
[ − 0.087
− 0.311
0.009
0.032
0.032
0.117 ]
  − 0.719 0.129 0.353
Z bus = 0.129
[ 0.353
0.103
0.08
0.08
0.175 ]
  Now we have 3 Fault at bus ‘ 3’

  We know that –

fault current = If =

Where Vk = Pre fault voltage

Zf = fault impedance
  If =

 We known that voltage of bus j during fault is given by –

Vj (new) = Vj (old) -

  V1 = 1- = -1.07 pu

 V2 = 1- = 0.54 pu

 V3 = 1- pu